मुराद बख़्श
murad bakhsh, shahajahaan aur mumataz mahal (noorajahaan) ka sabase chhota putr tha. usaka janm 1624 ee. mean hua. vah yuvavastha prapt karane par atyant hi vir, sahasi aur yuddh-priy yuvak siddh hua. usane kaang da ghati mean ek vidroh ko dabaya aur balkh par adhikar kar liya. halaanki bad mean use vahaan se laut ana p da. 1657 ee. mean jab shahajahaan asvasth hua, us samay murad gujarat ka prantiy shasak tha. vah dussahasi aur adhir pravritti ka yuvak tha. apane sabase b de bhaee dara shikoh ko uttaradhikar se vanchit rakhane ke lie dridhapratijn hokar soorat ko loota aur apane ko samrat ghoshit kar diya. usane apane nam se sikke bhi dhalavaye. kintu shighr hi b de bhaee aurangazeb ke samajhane par usane is adhar par aurangazeb ka sath diya ki samrajy ka vibhajan aurangazeb v usake madhy mean kiya jayega.
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shahajahaan ki chahat
shahajahaan ke char putr the aur jab shahajahaan 1657 ee. mean asvasth hua, us samay charoan balig the. dara shikoh ki ayu 43 varsh ki thi; shahashuja ki ayu 41 varsh, aurangazeb ki ayu 39 varsh tatha murad ki ayu 33 varsh ki thi. shahajahaan ki do putriyaan bhi thi-jahaanara aur roshanara. jahaanara, dara shikoh ka paksh leti thi tatha raushanara aurangazeb ke dal mean mil gee thi. sabhi bhaiyoan ko prantoan ke shasakoan tatha sainaoan ke senapatiyoan ke roop mean gair sainik tatha sainik mamaloan ka kafi anubhav prapt ho chuka tha. parantu unamean vaiyaktik gunoan evan yogyata ko lekar bhed tha. sabase b de putr dara shikoh par shahajahaan vishvas karata tha aur use hi apana uttaradhikari banana chahata tha.
bhaeeyoan ki tulana
dara shikoh sab darshanoan ke sar ka sangrah karane vala vichar rakhata tha. vah udar svabhav tatha pannditochit pravrittiyoan ka tha. vah any dharmavalambiyoan ke sath milata tha. usane ved, talamud evan baibil ke siddhantoan tatha soofi lekhakoan ki pustakoan ka adhyayan kiya tha. usake in sab karyoan se sahadharmi kattar sadasyoan ka naraz ho jana svabhavik hi tha tatha ve sab isake viruddh ho ge. doosara bhaee shahashuja, jo us samay bangal ka soobedar tha, ek buddhiman tatha vir sainik tha. par vah atyant aramatalab hone ke karan durbal, alasi, asavadhan aur nirantar cheshta, chaukas, savadhani tatha doosare se milakar kam karane ke ayogy ban gaya tha. tisara bhaee aurangazeb atyant yogy tha. vah asadharan udyog aur gahan kootaniti tatha sainik gunoan se sampann tha. usamean shasan karane ki asandigdh kshamata thi. murad, jo is samay gujarat ka soobedar tha, nissandeh spasht vakta, udar evan vir tha, parantu vah bhari piyakk d tha. at: vah netritv ke lie avashyak gunoan ka vikas nahian kar paya.
aurangazeb se sandhi
jab shahajahaan bhanyakar roop se bimar p da, tab charoan bhaiyoan mean se keval dara shikoh hi shahajahaan ke pas agara mean upasthit tha. tinoan parasthit bhaiyoan ko sandeh hua ki unaka pita vastav mean mar chuka hai tatha dara ne is samachar ko daba diya hai. shuja ne bangal ki tatkalin rajadhani rajamahal mean apane ko badashah ghoshit kar liya tatha samrajy ki rajadhani ki or sena lekar badha. parantu banaras ke nikat pahuanchane par vah dara shikoh ke putr suleman shikoh ke adhin apane viruddh bheji gee ek sena ke dvara hara diya gaya. vah bangal laut jane ko vivash hua. murad ne bhi ahamadabad mean apana rajyabhishek 5 disambar, 1657 ee. ko kiya. usane malava mean aurangazeb se milakar ek sandhi kar li. unhoanne samrajy ka vibhajan karane ka iqararanama kiya, jo allah evan paigambar ke nam par svikrit kiya gaya. is iqararanamean ki shartean is prakar se thian-
- loot ke mal ki ek tihaee mudar bakhsh ko tatha do tihaee aurangazeb ko milegi.
- samrajy ki vijay ke bad panjab, afaganistan, kashmir evan siandh murad ko mileange, jo vahaan badashahat ka jhanda ga dega, sikke chalaega tatha badashah ke roop mean apana nam ghoshit karega.
shahi sena ki parajay
aurugazeb tatha murad ki milijuli fauj uttar ki or badhi tatha dharamat pahuanchi, jo ujjain se chaudah mil dakshin-pashchim mean hai. badashah ne unaka badhana rokane ke lie jodhapur ke raja jasavant sianh tatha kasim khaan ko bheja. 15 aprail, 1657 ee. ko dharamat mean virodhi senaoan ki muthabhe d huee, jahaan shahi dal asadharan roop se parajit hua. vijayi shahazadoan ne ek apekshit chhichhale bhag se hokar chambal ko par kiya tatha samoogadh ke maidan mean pahuanche, jo agare ke durg se ath mil door hai.
dara shikoh ki har
29 mee ko yuddh arambh hua. isamean prachandata ke sath sangharsh hua. donoan hi dal virata ke sath l de. murad ke chehare par tin ghav lage. dara shikoh ki or se yuddh karane vale rajapoot apani jati ki parampara ke sachche the. unhoanne apane vir yuvak neta, ramavir sianh ke netritv mean viratapoorvak murad ki tuk di par nirashajanit virata ke sath akraman kiya. unaka ek-ek adami mar mita. dara shikoh durbhagy se apane hathi ke ek tir se buri tarah se ghayal ho jane ke karan us par se utarakar ek gho de par chadh gaya. 'smith' kahata hai ki ,"isi kary ne yuddh ka nirn kar diya." apane svami ke hathi ka hauda khali dekhakar bachi huee fauj use mara samajhakar atyant ghabarahat ke sath maidan se titar-bitar ho gee. nirasha se bhara hua dara, apane p dav aur bandooqoan ko apane shatruoan dvara adhikrit hone ke lie chho dakar, agara ki or bhag gaya. vahaan vah akathaniy roop se din avastha mean pahuancha. dara shikoh ki har vastav mean usake senapatiyoan ki yuddh kaushal sambandhi kuchh bhooloan tatha usaki topoan ki durbal avastha ke karan huee, n ki sampoornat: usaki sena ke dahine aang ke adhikari khalilullah ke kapatapoorn paramarsh ke karan, jaisa ki kuchh vrittant hamean vishvas dilate haian.
murad ki hatya
agara se aurangazeb 13 joon, 1658 ee. ko dilli ki or ravana hua. parantu raste mean vah mathura ke nikat roopanagar mean apane bhaee murad ke, jo ab tak apani bhaee ki yojana ko achchhi tarah se samajh chuka tha aur usase nafarat karane laga tha, virodh ko kuchalane ke lie thahar gaya. khule maidan mean usaka samana karane ke badale aurangazeb ne use ek jal mean phansa liya. pahale us hatabhagy shahazade ko salimagadh ke durg mean bandi banakar rakha gaya. janavari, 1659 ee. mean use vahaan se gvaliyar ke qile mean le jaya gaya. 4 disambar, 1661 ee. ko divanali naki ki hatya karane ke abhiyog mean use phaansi par lataka diya gaya.
aurangazeb ka rajyabhishek
murad ko giraftar kar lene ke bad hi aurangazeb dilli ja chuka tha, jahaan 21 julaee, 1658 ee. ko vah badashah ke roop mean rajasianhasan par baitha.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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