राजपूत

[[chitr:Maharana-Pratap.jpg|thumb|maharana pratap
Maharana Pratap]]

rajapoot, (sanskrit shabd rajaputr, arthat (raja ka putr) paitrik gautroan ke lagabhag 1.2 karo d sangathit bhoo-svami, jo mukhyat: madhy aur uttar bharat, visheshakar bhootapoorv rajapootana (rajapootoan ki bhoomi) mean base haian. rajapoot svayan ko kshatriy varg ka vanshaj ya sadasy manate haian, lekin bharat mean ve vibhinn rajava doan, jaise gahalaut, kachhavaha se lekar sadharan kisanoan tak atyant vividh samajik vargikaran se sambandhit hai. zyadatar itihasakar is bat se sahamat haian ki dharmanirapeksh satta ki prapti ke bad vijit rajapoot dal ko svayan ko rajapoot manane ka haq mil jata tha. sambhavat: madhy eshiya ke akramanakari aur sthaniy qabilaee logoan ke paitrik gotroan ka rajapootoan mean isi tarah se aantamishran hua hai. pashchimottar mean kee muslim rajapoot bhi haian. ek samay mean rajapootoan ne samanyat: parda pratha apana li thi. unake svabhav mean apane poorvajoan ke prati asim garv aur niji pratishtha ke prati gahara samman shamil hai. ve anulom vivah (kanya ka vivah usake samajik darje se ooanche darje mean) karana pasand karate haian.

itihas

rajapootoan ka udabhav kal uttar aur pashchimottar bharat mean paanchavian shatabdi ke madhy se 'shvet hoonoan (hefthalaitoan)' aur sambaddh janajatiyoan ke prabhav ke karan bharatiy samaj ke vighatan se ju da pratit hota hai. gupt samrajy ke vighatan (chhathi shatabdi ke uttarardh mean) ke bad akramanakari sambhavat: tatkalin samaj mean ghulamil ge, jisaka parinam pashchimottar bharatiy samaj ka vartaman svaroop hai. satavian shatabdi mean samrat harshavardhan ki mrityu se lekar 12vian shatabdi ke ant mean musalamanoan ki bharat vijay tak ke lagabhag 500 varshoan ke kal mean bharatavarsh ke itihas mean rajapootoan ne sabase mahattvapoorn bhoomika nibhayi hai. yah shabd rajapootr ka apabhransh hai. janajatiy pramukhoan aur abhijatoan ko hinduoan ke doosare varn mean, kshatriy ke roop mean svikar kiya gaya, jabaki unake anuyayi, jaise jat aur ahir janajatiyoan ke adhar par krishak varg mean shamil ho ge. kuchh akramanakariyoan ke pujari brahman (sarvottam jati) ban ge. kuchh deshi janajatiyoan, jaise rajasthan ke rathaur aur madhy bharat ke chandel aur bundeloan ne rajapootoan ka darja prapt kar liya. thumb|250px|rajapoot

rajapootoan ki shakhaean

pashchatyakalin granthoan mean rajapootoan ki 36 shakhaoan ka ullekh milata hai. rajapoot sooryavanshi aur chandravanshi tatha ajamer ke nikat agni-kund se utpatti ka dava karane valoan ki shreni mean shamil haian. rajapootoan ki maans (gaumaans chho dakar) khane ki adat aur any gun unake videshi aur adivasi mool ki or sanket karate haian. rajapootoan mean parihar, chauhan (chahaman), solanki (chaluky), paramar, tomar, kalachuri, gah daval (gah daval, gaharavar ya rathaur), rashtrakoot aur guhilot (sisodiya) sarvadhik ullekhaniy haian. virata, udarata, svatantray prem, deshabhakti jaise sadagunoan ke sath unamean mithya kulabhiman tatha ekatabaddh hokar kary karane ki kshamata ke abhav ke durgun bhi the. musalamanoan ke akraman ke samay rajapoot hindoo dharm, sanskriti aur paramparaoan ke rakshak banakar samane ate rahe.

janashrutiyaan

rajapootoan ki utpatti ke sambandh mean kianchit vivad hai aur yah is karan aur bhi jatil ho gaya hai ki prarambh mean rajany varg aur yuddhopajivi logoan ko kshatriy kaha jata tha aur rajapoot (rajapootr) shabd ka prayog satavian shatabdi ke uparant hi prachalit hua. janashrutiyoan ke anusar rajapoot un sooryavanshi evan chandravanshi (somavanshi) kshatriyoan ke vanshaj haian, jinaki yashogatha ramayan aur mahabharat mean varnit hai. kintu abhilekhoan se jnat hota hai ki guhilot ya sisodiya shakha, jisamean meva d ke svanamadhany rana hue aur jo apane ko ramachandr ji ka vanshaj manati haian, vastut: ek brahman dvara pravartit huee thi. isi prakar gurjar-pratihar shakha bhi, jo apane ko ramachandr ji ke laghu bhrata lakshman ka vanshaj manati hai, kuchh abhilekhoan ke anusar gurjaroan se arambh huee thi, jinhean videshi mana jata hai aur hoonoan ke sath athava unake kuchh hi bad bharat mean akar gujarat mean bas gaye the. abhilekhik pramanoan se shakoan aur bharatiy rajyavanshoan mean vaivahik sambandh siddh hote haian.

vibhinn nasl

shakoan ke uparant jitani bhi videshi jatiyaan paanchavian aur chhathi shatabdiyoan mean bharat aeean, unakoan hinduoan ne nasht n karake shakoan aur kushanoan ki bhaanti apane mean atmasath kar liya. tatkalin hindoo samaj mean unaki sthiti unake peshe ke anusar nirdharit huee aur unamean se shastropajivi tatha shasak varg kshatriy mana jakar rajapoot kahalane laga. isi prakar bharat ki mool nivasi jatiyoan mean 'goand, bhar, kol' adi ke kuchh parivaroan ne apane bahubal se chhote-chhote rajy sthapit kar lie. inaki shakti aur satta mean vriddhi hone se tatha kshatriyochitt shasanakarmi hone ke phalasvaroop inaki bhi ganana kshatriyoan mean hone lagi aur ve bhi rajapoot kahalaye. chandeloan ke goand raj parivaroan se, gah davaloan ke bharoan se aur rathauroan ke gah davaloan se ghanishth vaivahik sambandh the. saty yah hai ki hindoo samaj mean shatabdiyoan tak jati ka nirdharan janm aur peshe donoan se hota raha hai. is siddhant ke anusar kshatriyoan athava rajapootoan ka varg vastut: desh ka shastropajivi tatha shasak varg tha, jo hindoo dharm aur karmakand mean astha rakhata tha. isi karan rajapootoan ke aantargat vibhinn nasloan ke log milate haian.

mugaloan ki adhinata

chitr:Blockquote-open.gif janashrutiyoan ke anusar rajapoot un sooryavanshi evan chandravanshi (somavanshi) kshatriyoan ke vanshaj haian, jinaki yashogatha ramayan aur mahabharat mean varnit hai. kintu abhilekhoan se jnat hota hai ki guhilot ya sisodiya shakha, jisamean meva d ke svanamadhany rana hue aur jo apane ko ramachandr ji ka vanshaj manati haian, vastut: ek brahman dvara pravartit huee thi. chitr:Blockquote-close.gif

nauvian aur dasavian shatabdi mean rajapoot rajanitik shakti ke roop mean ubhare. 800 ee. se rajapoot vanshoan ka uttar bharat mean prabhutv tha aur bahut se chhote-chhote rajapoot rajy hindoo bharat par muslim adhipaty ke rastean mean pramukh badha the. poorvi panjab aur ganga ghati mean muslim vijay ke bad bhi rajapootoan ne rajasthan ke durgoan aur madhy bharat ke vany pradeshoan mean apani svatantrata qayam rakhi. dilli ke sultan alauddin khilaji (shasanakal,1296-1316) ne poorvi rajasthan mean chittau dagadh aur ranathambhaur ke do mahanh rajapoot durgoan ko jit liya, lekin vah apane niyantran mean nahian rakh sake. meva d ke rajapoot rajy ne rana saanga ke netritv mean apani prabhutta banae rakhane ka prayas kiya, lekin unhean mugal badashah babar ne khanava (1527) mean parajit kar diya. babar ke pote akabar ne chittau dagadh aur ranathambhaur ke qile jit lie (1568-69) aur meva d ko chho dakar sabhi rajasthani rajakumaroan ke sath ek samajhauta kiya. mugal samrajy ki prabhuta svikar kar, ye rajakumar darabar tatha badashah ki vishesh parishad mean niyukt kar lie ge aur unhean prantiy shasakoan ke pad v sena ki kamanean sauanpi geean. halaanki badashah aurangazeb (shasanakal, 1658-1707) ki asahishnuta se is vyavastha ko nuqasan pahuancha, lekin isake bavajood 18vian sadi mean mugal samrajy ka patan hone tak yah qayam rahi.

shakti ka nasht hona

rajapootoan ne musalaman akramaniyoan se shatabdiyoan tak viratapoorvak yuddh kiya. yadyapi unamean paraspar ekata ke abhav ke karan bharat par antat: musalamanoan ka rajy sthapit ho gaya, tathapi unake tivr virodh ke phalasvaroop is kary mean musalamanoan ko bahut samay laga. dirghakal tak musalamanoan ka virodh aur unase yuddh karate rahane ke karan rajapoot shithil ho ge aur unaki deshabhakti, virata tatha atm-balidan ki bhavanaean kuanthit ho geean. yahi karan hai ki bharat mean aangrezi rajy ki sthapana ke viruddh kisi bhi mahattvapoorn rajapoot rajy athava shasak ne koee yuddh nahian kiya. isake viparit 1817 aur 1820 ee. ke bich sabhi rajapoot rajaoan ne svechchha se aangrezoan ki sarvopari satta svikar karake apani tatha apane rajy ki suraksha ka bhar un par chho d diya. svatantrata (1947) ke bad rajasthan ke rajapoot rajyoan ka bharatiy sangh ke rajasthan rajy mean vilay kar diya gaya.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

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