सर्वपल्ली राधाकृष्णन

	sarvapalli radhakrishnan
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poora nam	d aau. sarvapalli radhakrishnan
janm	5 sitanbar, 1888
janm bhoomi	tirootani, tamilanadu
mrityu	17 aprail, 1975
mrityu sthan	chennee, tamilanadu
mrityu karan	svasthy kharab
abhibhavak	sarvapalli virasvami, sitamma
pati/patni	sivakamoo
santan	paanch putr, ek putri
nagarikata	bharatiy
parti	svatantr
pad	bharat ke doosare rashtrapati
kary kal	13 mee, 1962 se 13 mee, 1967
shiksha	em.e.
vidyalay	krishchiyan mishanari sanstha lutharn mishan skool, madras krishchiyan k aaulej
puraskar-upadhi	bharat ratn

sarvapalli radhakrishnan vishay soochi

janm aur shiksha dampaty jivan jivan darshan rajanitik jivan samman aur puraskar shikshak divas nidhan

d aau. sarvapalli radhakrishnan (aangrezi: Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, janm: 5 sitanbar 1888; mrityu: 17 aprail, 1975) svatantr bharat ke pratham uparashtrapati aur doosare rashtrapati the. unhoanne d aauktar rajendr prasad ki gauravashali parampara ko age badhaya. unaka karyakal 13 mee, 1962 se 13 mee, 1967 tak raha. unaka nam bharat ke mahanh rashtrapatiyoan ki pratham pankti mean sammilit hai. unake vyaktitv aur krititv ke lie sampoorn rashtr inaka sadaiv rrini rahega. d aau. sarvapalli radhakrishnan ka janm tamilanadu ke tirootani gram mean, 5 sitanbar 1888 ko hua tha. inaka janmadivas 5 sitanbar aj bhi poora rashtr 'shikshak divas' ke roop mean manata hai. d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan bharatiy sanskriti ke jnani, ek mahanh shikshavid, mahanh darshanik, mahanh vakta hone ke sath hi sath vijnani hindoo vicharak the. d aauktar radhakrishnan ne apane jivan ke 40 varsh ek shikshak ke roop mean vyatit kie the. vah ek adarsh shikshak the.

janm

d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ka janm tamilanadu ke tirootani gram mean, jo madras ,ab chennee se lagabhag 64 ki॰ mi॰ ki doori par sthit hai, 5 sitanbar 1888 ko hua tha. yah ek brahman parivar se sanbandhit the. inaka janm sthan ek pavitr tirthasthal ke roop mean vikhyat raha hai.^[1] d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ke purakhe pahale 'sarvapalli' namak gram mean rahate the aur 18vian shatabdi ke madhy mean unhoanne tirootani gram ki or nishkraman kiya tha. lekin inake purakhe chahate the ki unake nam ke sath unake janmasthal ke gram ka bodh bhi sadaiv rahana chahie. isi karan inake parijan apane nam ke poorv 'sarvapalli' dharan karane lage the.

d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ek garib kintu vidvan brahman ki doosari santan ke roop mean paida hue. inake pita ka nam 'sarvapalli virasvami' aur mata ka nam 'sitamma' tha. inake pita rajasv vibhag mean vaikalpik karyalay mean kam karate the. in par b de parivar ke bharan-poshan ka dayitv tha. inake paanch putr tatha ek putri thi. radhakrishnan ka sthan in santatiyoan mean doosara tha. inake pita kafi kathinaee ke sath parivar ka nirvahan kar rahe the. is karan balak radhakrishnan ko bachapan mean koee vishesh sukh nahian prapt hua.

vidyarthi jivan

d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ka balyakal tirootani evan tiroopati jaise dharmik sthaloan par hi vyatit hua. inhoanne pratham ath varsh tirootani mean hi gujare. yadyapi inake pita purane vicharoan ke iansan the aur unamean dharmik bhavanaean bhi thian, isake bavajood unhoanne radhakrishnan ko krishchiyan mishanari sanstha lutharn mishan skool, tiroopati mean 1896-1900 ke madhy vidyadhyayan ke lie bheja. phir agale 4 varsh (1900 se 1904) ki shiksha velloor mean huee. isake bad inhoanne madras krishchiyan k aaulej, madras mean shiksha prapt ki. vah bachapan se hi medhavi the.

in 12 varshoan ke adhyayan kal mean d aauktar radhakrishnan ne baibil ke mahattvapoorn aansh bhi yad kar lie. isake lie inhean vishisht yogyata ka samman pradan kiya gaya. is umr mean inhoanne vir savarakar aur svami vivekanand ka bhi adhyayan kiya. inhoanne 1902 mean maitrik star ki pariksha uttirn ki aur inhean chhatravritti bhi prapt huee. isake bad inhoanne 1904 mean kala sankay pariksha pratham shreni mean uttirn ki. inhean manovijnan, itihas aur ganit vishay mean vishesh yogyata ki tippani bhi uchch praptaankoan ke karan mili. isake alava krishchiyan k aaulej, madras ne inhean chhatravritti bhi di. unhoanne darshan shastr mean em.e. kiya aur sanh 1916 mean madras rejideansi k aaulej mean darshanashastr ke sahayak pradhyapak niyukt hue. vah pradhyapak bhi rahe. d aau. radhakrishnan ne apane lekhoan aur bhashanoan ke madhyam se vishv ko bharatiy darshan shastr se parichit karaya. sare vishv mean unake lekhoan ki prashansa ki gee.

dampaty jivan

us samay madras ke brahman parivaroan mean kam umr mean hi shadi sampann ho jati thi aur radhakrishnan bhi usake upavad nahian rahe. 1903 mean 16 varsh ki ayu mean hi unake vivah door ke rishte ki bahan 'sivakamoo' ke sath sampann ho gaya. us samay unaki patni ki ayu matr 10 varsh ki thi. atah tin varsh bad unaki patni ne unake sath mean rahana arambh kar diya. yadyapi unaki patni sivakamoo ne paramparagat roop se shiksha prapt nahian ki thi, lekin unaka telugu bhasha par achchha adhikar tha. vah aangrezi bhasha bhi likh-padh sakati thian. 1908 mean radhakrishnan dampati ko santan ke roop mean putri ki prapti huee. 1908 mean hi unhoanne kala snatak ki upadhi pratham shreni mean prapt ki aur darshan shastr mean vishisht yogyata prapt ki. shadi ke 6 varsh bad hi 1909 mean inhoanne kala mean snatakottar pariksha bhi uttirn kar li. inaka vishay darshan shastr hi raha. uchch adhyayan ke dauran vah apani niji amadani ke lie bachchoan ko tyooshan padhane ka kam bhi karate rahe. 1908 mean inhoanne em. e. ki upadhi prapt karane ke lie ek shodh lekhan kiya. is samay inaki ayu matr bis varsh ki thi. isase shastroan ke prati inaki jnan-pipasa badhi. shighr hi inhoanne vedoan aur upanishadoan ka bhi gahan adhyayan kar liya. inhoanne hindi aur sanskrit bhasha ka bhi ruchipoorvak adhyayan kiya.

patni ka dehaant

d aauktar radhakrishnan ko bachapan se hi pustakoan se prem tha. is karan tabhi spasht ho gaya tha ki yah balak b da hokar vidvatta evan mahanata ka varan avashy karega. unaka svabhav sankochi tha, atah vah ghar ke samajik samarohoan mean utsah evan ullas ka anubhav nahian karate the. yah inake parivar ke gahare sanskaroan ka hi prabhav raha ki jivan bhar shakahari rahe. inhoanne kabhi bhi dhoomrapan athava madyapan nahian kiya. parivar mean pratham putri paida hone ke bad agale pandrah varshoan mean radhakrishnan dampati ko chhah any santanean huee. is dauran inaki patni ka jivan parivar tatha pati ke lie poornataya samarpit raha. lekin 26 navambar, 1956 ko inaki patni ka dehaant ho gaya. is prakar 53 varsh tak sath nibhane vali jivan-sangini ka inhean vichhoh bhi sahan karana p da. patni ki antim kriya sampann karane ke bad jab vah laute to unhoanne ek tippani ki- ek lambe adhyay ka aant ho gaya. jivan ke nazuk rishtoan ko bhi unhoanne darshan shastr ki paribhashaoan ke anusar anubhoot kiya tha.

hindoovadita ka gahara adhyayan

shiksha ka prabhav jahaan pratyek insan par nishchit roop se p data hai, vahian shaikshik sansthan ki gunavatta bhi apana prabhav chho dati hai. krishchiyan sansthaoan dvara us samay pashchimi jivan moolyoan ko vidyarthiyoan mean gahare tak sthapit kiya jata tha. yahi karan hai ki krishchiyan sansthaoan mean adhyayan karate hue radhakrishnan ke jivan mean uchch gun samahit ho ge. lekin unamean ek any parivartan bhi aya jo ki krishchiyan sansthaoan ke karan hi tha. kuchh log hindutvavadi vicharoan ko hey drishti se dekhate the aur unaki alochana karate the. unaki alochana ko d aauktar radhakrishnan ne chunauti ki tarah liya aur hindoovadita ka gahara adhyayan karana arambh kar diya. d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan yah janana chahate the ki vastutah kis sanskriti ke vicharoan mean chetanata hai aur kis sanskriti ke vicharoan mean j data hai. tab svabhavik aantarprajna dvara is bat par dridhata se vishvas karana arambh kar diya ki bharat ke doorasth sthanoan par rahane vale garib tatha anapadh vyakti bhi prachin saty ko janate the. is karan radhakrishnan ne tulanatmak roop se yah jan liya ki bharatiy adhyatm kafi samriddh hai aur krishchiyan mishanariyoan dvara hindutv ki alochanaean niradhar haian. isase inhoanne yah nishkarsh nikala ki bharatiy sanskriti dharm, jnan aur saty par adharit hai jo prani ko jivan ka sachcha sandesh deti hai.

bharatiy sanskriti

d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ne yah jan liya tha ki jivan chhota hai aur isamean vyapt khushiyaan anishchit haian. is karan vyakti ko sukh-dukh mean samabhav se rahana chahie. vastutah mrityu ek atal sachchaee hai, jo ki amir-garib sabhi ko apana gras banati hai tatha kisi bhi prakar ka varg-vibhed nahian karati hai. sachcha jnan vahi hai jo apake andar ke ajnan ko samapt kar sakata hai. sadagipoorn santoshavritti ka jivan amiroan ke ahankari jivan se behatar hai, jinamean asantosh ka nivas hai. ek shaant mastishk behatar hai, taliyoan ki un g dag dahatoan se jo sansadoan evan darabaroan mean sunaee deti haian. is karan d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan bharatiy sanskriti ke naitik moolyoan ko samajh pane mean saphal rahe, kyoanki vah mishanariyoan dvara ki gee alochanaoan ke saty ko svayan parakhana chahate the. isilie kaha gaya hai ki alochanaean parishuddhi ka kary karati haian. sabhi mataean apane bachchoan mean uchch sanskar dekhana chahati haian. is karan ve bachchoan ko eeshvar par vishvas rakhane, pap se door rahane evan musibat mean phanse logoan ki madad karane ka path padhati haian. d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ne yah bhi jana ki bharatiy sanskriti mean sabhi dharmoan ka adar karana sikhaya gaya hai aur sabhi dharmoan ke lie samata ka bhav bhi hindoo sanskriti ki vishisht pahachan hai. is prakar unhoanne bharatiy sanskriti ki vishisht pahachan ko samajha aur usake kafi nazadik ho ge.

jivan darshan

d aauktar radhakrishnan samooche vishv ko ek vidyalay manate the. unaka manana tha ki shiksha ke dvara hi manav mastishk ka sadupayog kiya ja sakata hai. at: vishv ko ek hi ikaee manakar shiksha ka prabandhan karana chahie. briten ke edinabara vishvavidyalay mean diye apane bhashan mean d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ne kaha tha ki 'manav ko ek hona chahie. manav itihas ka sanpoorn lakshy manav jati ki mukti hai. jab deshoan ki nitiyoan ka adhar poore vishv mean shaanti ki sthapana ka prayatn ho.' d aau. radhakrishnan apani buddhi se poorn vyakhyaoan, anandadayak abhivyakti aur halki gudagudane vali kahaniyoan se chhatroan ko mantramugdh kar dete the. uchch naitik moolyoan ko apane acharan mean utarane ki prerana vah apane chhatroan ko dete the. vah jis bhi vishay ko padhate the, pahale svayan usaka gahan adhyayan karate the. darshan jaise ganbhir vishay ko bhi vah apani shaili se saral, rochak aur priy bana dete the.

vyavasayik jivan

[[chitr:Radhakrishnan-Indira-Gandhi-Kamaraj.jpg|thumb|250px|d aau. sarvapalli radhakrishnan, iandira gaandhi evan kumarasvami kamaraj]] 21 varsh ki umr arthat 1909 mean radhakrishnan ne madras presideansi k aaulej mean kanishth vyakhyata ke taur par darshan shastr padhana arambh kiya. yah unaka param saubhagy tha ki unako apani prakriti ke anukool ajivika prapt huee thi. yahaan unhoanne 7 varsh tak n keval adhyapan kary kiya balki svayan bhi bharatiy darshan aur bharatiy dharm ka gaharaee se adhyayan kiya. un dinoan vyakhyata ke lie yah avashyak tha ki adhyapan hetu vah shikshan ka prashikshan bhi prapt kare. is karan 1910 mean radhakrishnan ne shikshan ka prashikshan madras mean lena arambh kar diya. is samay inaka vetan matr 37 rupaye tha. darshan shastr vibhag ke tatkalin profesar radhakrishnan ke darshan shastriy jnan se kafi abhibhoot hue. unhoanne unhean darshan shastr ki kakshaoan se anupasthit rahane ki anumati pradan kar di. lekin isake badale mean yah shart rakhi ki vah unake sthan par darshan shastr ki kakshaoan mean padha dean. tab radhakrishna ne apane kaksha sathiyoan ko terah aise prabhavashali vyakhyan die, jinase vah shiksharthi chakit rah ge. inaki vishay par gahari pak d thi, darshan shastr ke sambandh mean inaka drishtikon spasht tha aur inhoanne upayukt shabdoan ka chayan bhi kiya tha. 1912 mean d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ki 'manovijnan ke avashyak tatv' shirshak se prakashit huee jo kaksha mean die ge unake vyakhyanoan ka sangrah tha. is pustak ke dvara inaki yah yogyata pramanit huee ki pratyek pad ki vyakhya karane ke lie inake pas shabdoan ka atul bhandar tha aur smaran shakti bhi atyant vilakshan thi.

pratham bheant

radhakrishnan ki mahatma gaandhi se pratham bheant 1915 mean huee thi. unake vicharoan se prabhavit hokar radhakrishnan ne rashtriy andolan ke samarthan mean lekh bhi likhe. vah kabhi bhi kisi parti se nahian ju de, lekin nirbhay hokar rashtraprem ko abhivyakt karate the. bad mean inhoanne gaandhi ji ko abhivyakt karate hue kaha tha – "manushy ke sarvottam prayasoan mean gaandhi ji ki avaz sadaiv anashvar rahegi aur sansar ke sabhi manavoan mean shreshtam bhi hogi." yahaan par avaz ka ashay gaandhi ji ki samagr soch se kiya gaya tha. yadyapi radhakrishnan british sarakar ki naukari kar rahe the, tathapi desh ki svatantrata ke lie vah khvahishamand the. dvitiy vishv yuddh ke bad unhoanne aangrezoan se yah asha rakhi thi ki ve desh ko svatantr kar deange. vah aangrezoan se yah ashvasan bhi chahate the ki dvitiy vishv yuddh ke bad ve bharat ko gulami se mukt kar deange.

sthanantaran

1916 mean d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ka sthanantaran anantapur ho gaya. yahaan yah chhah mah tak rahe. isake bad punah presideansi k aaulej mean profesar ke roop mean laute. 1972 mean vah darshan shastr ke profesar ke roop mean 'kanpharm' kie ge aur inaka sthanantaran rajamundri mean kar diya gaya. yahaan par inake adhyapan ko kafi prasiddh papt huee. inhoanne darshan shastr jaise bojhil vishay ko manoranjan ka svaroop pradan kar apane chhatroan ko mitr ki tarah padhaya. vah pratyek chhatr ko ek vishisht upanam se pukarate the. radhakrishnan ne apane shiksharthiyoan ki adhikatam madad ki. yahi karan hai ki shiksharthi unaka hriday se adar karate the. 1918 mean vah 'nyoo maisoor yoonivarsiti' mean 'edishanal profesar' ki haisiyat se niyukt hue aur vahaan par 13 varshoan (1921) tak adhyapan kary kiya.

ravindranath taigor se bheant

darshan shastr ke marmajn ke taur par d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ki pahachan qayam ho chuki thi. julaee, 1918 mean maisoor pravas ke samay unaki bheant ravindranath taigor se huee. is mulakat ke bad vah taigor se kafi abhibhoot hue. unake vicharoan ki abhivyakti hetu d aauktar radhakrishnan ne 1918 mean 'ravindranath taigor ka darshan' shirshak se ek pustak likhi jo 'maikamilan prakashan' dvara prakashit huee. isake bad unhoanne doosari pustak 'd rin aph rilijan in kanteanpॅrari phil aausphi' likhi. is pustak ne unhean aantarrashtriy star par pahachan di. is pustak ko bharat ke shiksharthiyoan ne 'atmatattv jnan' ki pustak ke roop mean svikar kiya. yahi nahian, ise ianglaind tatha amerika ke vishvavidyalayoan mean bhi behad pasand kiya gaya. ek bar maisoor mean inake shiksharthiyoan ne inase poochha tha-kya ap uchch adhyayan ke lie videsh jana pasand kareange? tab inaka prerak javab tha - nahian, lekin vahaan shiksha pradan karane ke lie avashy hi jana chahooanga.

maitripoorn sambandh

vidyarthiyoan ke sath radhakrishnan ke sambandh maitripoorn rahate the. jab vah apane avas par shaikshik gatividhiyoan ka sanchalan karate the, to ghar par ane vale vidyarthiyoan ka svagat hath milakar karate the. vah unhean padhaee ke dauran svayan hi chay dete the aur sathi ki bhaanti unhean ghar ke dvar tak chho dane bhi jate the. radhakrishnan mean prophesar hone ka ranchamatr bhi ahankar nahian tha. unaka manana tha ki jab guru aur shishy ke madhy sankoch ki doori n ho to adhyapan ka kary adhik shreshthatapoorvak kiya ja sakata hai. d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ke aise maitri sambandhoan ke karan ek misal bhi qayam huee, jo ki bahut hi anokhi thi. darasal jab unako kalakatta mean sthanantarit hona tha, tab vidaee ka koee bhi karyakram ayojit nahian kiya gaya. isake lie unhoanne mana kar diya. inake vidyarthiyoan ne bagghi ke dvara inhean steshan tak pahuanchaya tha. is bagghi mean gho de nahian jute the, balki vidyarthiyoan ke dvara hi us bagghi ko khianchakar relave steshan tak le jaya gaya. unaki vidaee ke samay maisoor steshan ka pletapharm 'sarvapalli radhakrishnan ki jay ho' ke naroan se gooanj utha tha. vahaan par maujood logoan ki aankhoan mean ashru the. radhakrishnan bhi us adabhut prem ke vashibhoot hokar apane aansoo rok nahian pae the. guru evan vidyarthiyoan ka aisa sambandh vartaman yug mean kam hi dekhane ko prapt hota hai.

alochanaoan ka samana

isake bad d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ne kolakata mean 1921 se 1931 tak samay vyatit kiya. inhean kolakata ke 'kiang j aaurj pancham vishvavidyalay' mean manasik evan naitik darshan shastr ka prophesar niyukt kiya gaya. is dauran unhoanne bharat ki shaikshik seva mean abhivriddhi karane ka bhi kary kiya. yahaan par vah gurudev ravindranath taigor ke sampark mean bhi rahe. taigor ke vicharoan ka kafi prabhav radhakrishnan par p da. kalakatta vishvavidyalay ke sabhi sangathanoan aur vibhagoan ko unnat karane ke lie inhoanne sakriy bhoomika nibhaee. yoorop ke vidvan bhi inake darshan shastriy vicharoan se kafi prabhavit hue. inake vicharoan mean vishay ki spashtata hoti thi. yah sambodhan mean klishtata ka samavesh nahian karate the. inaki bhasha mean vidyarjit vidvatta ka aisa chamatkar hota tha ki shrota mantramugdh hokar sunata rah jata tha. lekin vartaman yug mean alochana to sansar ke rachayita ki bhi hoti hai. is karan d aauktar radhakrishnan ko bhi alochanaoan ka samana karana p da. inake alochakoan ka kahana tha ki radhakrishnan ne darshan shastr ko naya kuchh bhi nahian diya hai, bharat ke adhyatmik darshan ki prachinata ko hi ujagar kiya hai. pashchim ke sammukh unhoanne bharatiy adhyatm ko matr aangrezi bhasha mean udadhrit karane ka hi kary kiya hai, lekin radhakrishnan ne apane alochakoan ko kabhi bhi spashtikaran dene ki avashyakata mahasoos nahian ki. isake bad inaka ek lekh 'enasaiklopidiya britainika' ke 14vean sanskaran mean prakashit hua jo ek b di upalabdhi thi.

rajanitik jivan

yah sarvapalli radhakrishnan ki hi pratibha thi ki svatantrata ke bad inhean sanvidhan nirmatri sabha ka sadasy banaya gaya. vah 1947 se 1949 tak isake sadasy rahe. is samay yah vishvavidyalayoan ke cheyaramain bhi niyukt kie ge. akhil bharatiy kaangresajan yah chahate the ki sarvapalli radhakrishnan gair rajanitik vyakti hote hue bhi sanvidhan sabha ke sadasy banaye jaean. javaharalal neharoo chahate the ki radhakrishnan ke sanbhashan evan vaktritv pratibha ka upayog 14 - 15 agast, 1947 ki ratri ko kiya jae, jab sanvidhan sabha ka aitihasik satr ayojit ho. radhakrishnan ko yah nirdesh diya gaya ki vah apana sambodhan ratri ke thik 12 baje samapt karean. usake pashchath sanvaidhanik sansad dvara shapath li jani thi.

rajanayik kary

sarvapalli radhakrishnan ne aisa kiya aur thik ratri 12 baje apane sambodhan ko viram diya. pandit neharoo aur radhakrishnan ke alava kisi any ko isaki janakari nahian thi. azadi ke bad unase agrah kiya gaya ki vah matribhoomi ki seva ke lie vishisht rajadoot ke roop mean soviyat sangh ke sath rajanayik karyoan ki poorti karean. is prakar vijayalakshmi pandit ka inhean naya uttaradhikari chuna gaya. pandit neharoo ke is chayan par kee vyaktiyoan ne ashchary vyakt kiya ki ek darshan shastri ko rajanayik sevaoan ke lie kyoan chuna gaya? unhean yah sandeh tha ki d aauktar radhakrishnan ki yogyataean sauanpi gee zimmedari ke anukool nahian haian. lekin bad mean sarvapalli radhakrishnan ne yah sabit kar diya ki m aausko mean niyukt bharatiy rajanayikoan mean vah behatarin the. vah ek gair paramparavadi rajanayik the. jo mantranaean der ratri hoti thian, vah unamean ratri 10 baje tak hi bhag lete the, kyoanki usake bad unake shayan ka samay ho jata tha. jab radhakrishnan ek shikshak the, tab vah niyamoan ke dayaroan mean nahian bandhe the. kaksha mean yah 20 minat deri se ate the aur das minat poorv hi chale jate the. inaka kahana tha ki kaksha mean inhean jo vyakhyan dena hota tha, vah 20 minat ke paryapt samay mean sampann ho jata tha. isake uparant bhi yah vidyarthiyoan ke priy evan adaraniy shikshak bane rahe.

soviyat sangh se vida

d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ko stalin se bheant karane ka durlabh avasar do bar prapt hua. 14 janavari, 1945 ke din vah pahala avasar aya, jab stalin ke nimantran par vah unase mile. stalin ke hriday mean 'philasphar rajadoot' ke prati gahara samman tha. inaki doosari mulakat 5 aprail, 1952 ko huee. jab bharatiy rajadoot soviyat sangh se vida hone vale the. vida hote samay radhakrishnan ne stalin ke sir aur pith par hath rakha. tab stalin ne kaha tha – tum pahale vyakti ho, jisane mere sath ek iansan ke roop mean vyavahar kiya haian aur mujhe amanav athava daity nahian samajha hai. tumhare jane se maian du:kh ka anubhav kar raha hooan. maian chahata hooan ki tum dirghayu ho. maian zyada nahian jina chahata hooan. is samay stalin ki aankhoan mean nami thi. phir chhah mah bad hi stalin ki mrityu ho gee.

uparashtrapati

1952 mean soviyat sangh se ane ke bad d aauktar radhakrishnan uparashtrapati nirvachit kie ge. sanvidhan ke aantargat uparashtrapati ka naya pad srijit kiya gaya tha. neharoo ji ne is pad hetu radhakrishnan ka chayan karake punah logoan ko chauanka diya. unhean ashchary tha ki is pad ke lie kaangres parti ke kisi rajanitijn ka chunav kyoan nahian kiya gaya. uparashtrapati ke roop mean radhakrishnan ne rajyasabha mean adhyaksh ka padabhar bhi sambhala. sanh 1952 mean ve bharat ke uparashtrapati banae ge. bad mean pandit neharoo ka yah chayan bhi sarthak siddh hua, kyoanki uparashtrapati ke roop mean ek gair rajanitijn vyakti ne sabhi rajanitijnoan ko prabhavit kiya. sansad ke sabhi sadasyoan ne unhean unake kary vyavahar ke lie kafi saraha. inaki sadashayata, dridhata aur vinodi svabhav ko log aj bhi yad karate haian. sitanbar, 1952 mean inhoanne yoorop aur midil eest deshoan ki yatra ki taki ne rashtr hetu mitr rashtroan ka sahayog mil sake.

yatraean

1956 mean d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ki patni ka dehant ho gaya. tab ek putr aur paanch putriyoan ka dayitv in par a gaya. in zimmedariyoan ko nibhate hue 1957 mean yah doosari bar bhi uparashtrapati nirvachit hue. is karyakal ke dauran radhakrishnan ne chin, mangoliya, haangakaang aur ianglaind ki yatraean kian. 1961 mean inhean jarmani ke pustak prakashan dvara diya jane vala 'vishv shanti puraskar' bhi prapt hua. is dauran inhoanne rajyasabha ka sanchalan kafi kushalata ke sath kiya. tab pandit pant ko kahana p da - rajyasabha inake hathoan ka khilauna matr hai.

mahattvapoorn pad

d aau. radhakrishnan ne anek mahattvapoorn padoan par kary kiya. ve peris mean yoonesko namak sanstha ki karyasami‍ti ke adhyaksh bhi rahe. yah sanstha 'sanyukt rashtr sangh' ka ek aang hai aur poore vishv ke logoan ki bhalaee ke lie anek kary karati hai.
d aau. radhakrishnan sanh 1949 se sanh 1952 tak roos ki rajadhani masko mean bharat ke rajadoot pad par rahe. bharat roos ki mitrata badhane mean unaka bhari yogadan raha tha.

shikshak divas

thumb|sarvapalli radhakrishnan ke samman mean dak tikat

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hamare desh mean d aauktar radhakrishnan ke janmadin 5 sitanbar ko prativarsh 'shikshak divas' ke roop mean manaya jata hai. is din samast desh mean bharat sarakar dvara shreshth shikshakoan ko puraskar pradan kiya jata hai. d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan gair rajanitik vyakti hote hue bhi desh ke rashtrapati bane. isase yah sabit hota hai ki yadi vyakti apane kshetr mean sarvashreshth kary kare to bhi doosare kshetr usaki pratibha se aprabhavit nahian rahate. d aauktar radhakrishnan bahuayami pratibha ke dhani hone ke sath hi desh ki sanskriti ko pyar karane vale vyakti the. unhean ek behatarin shikshak, darshanik, deshabhakt aur nishpaksh evan kushal rashtrapati ke roop mean yah desh sadaiv yad rakhega. rashtrapati banane ke bad kuchh shishy aur prashansak unake pas ge aur unhoanne nivedan kiya tha ki ve unaka janmadin 'shikshak divas' ke roop mean manana chahate haian. d aauktar radhakrishnan ne kaha, 'mera janmadin 'shikshak divas' ke roop mean manane ke apake nishchay se maian svayan ko gauravanvit anubhav karooanga.' tabhi se 5 sitanbar desh bhar mean shikshak divas ke roop mean manaya ja raha hai. sanh 1967 tak rashtrapati ke roop mean vah desh ki seva karate rahe. ek bar vikhyat darshanik pleto ne kaha tha- rajaoan ka darshanik hona chahie aur darshanikoan ko raja. pleto ke is kathan ko 1962 mean d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ne tab sach kar dikhaya, jab vah bharat ke doosare rashtrapati nirvachit hue. is prakar ek darshanik ne raja ki haisiyat prapt ki. 13 mee, 1962 ko 31 topoan ki salami ke sath hi inaki rashtrapati ke pad par tajaposhi huee. is sandarbh mean bharat sarakar ke dvara gajat mean ek adhisoochana prakashit huee, jo vishisht bhag dvitiy, varg 3 upasarg dvitiy dinaank 17 mee, 1962 ki es. o. sankhya 1858 ke aantargat thi. barted rasel jo vishv ke jane-mane darshanik the, vah radhakrishnan ke rashtrapati banane par apani pratikriya ko rok nahian pae. unhoanne kaha tha – yah vishv ke darshan shastr ka samman hai ki mahanh bharatiy ganarajy ne d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ko rashtrapati ke roop mean chuna aur ek darshanik hone ke nate maian visheshat: khush hooan. pleto ne kaha tha ki darshanikoan ko raja hona chahie aur mahanh bharatiy ganarajy ne ek darshanik ko rashtrapati banakar pleto ko sachchi shrriddhaanjali arpit ki hai.

1962 mean gris ke raja ne jab bharat ka rajanayik daura kiya to d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ne unaka svagat karate hue kaha tha – maharaj, ap gris ke pahale raja haian, jo ki bharat mean atithi ki tarah ae haian. alekjendar yahaan animantrit mehaman banakar ae the.^[2]

ghoshana

rashtrapati banane ke bad radhakrishnan ne bhi poorv rashtrapati d aauktar rajendr prasad ki bhaanti svaichchhik adhar par rashtrapati ke vetan se katauti karaee thi. unhoanne ghoshana ki ki saptah mean do din koee bhi vyakti unase bina poorv anumati ke mil sakata hai. is prakar rashtrapati bhavan ko unhoanne sarvahara varg ke lie khol diya. rashtrapati banane ke bad vah eeran, afaganistan, ianglaind, amerika, nepal, yoogoslaviya, chekoslovakiya, roomaniya tatha ayaralaind bhi ge. vah amerika ke rashtrapati bhavan 'vhait haus' mean helik aauptar se atithi ke roop mean pahuanche the. isase poorv vishv ka koee bhi vyakti vhait haus mean helik aauptar dvara nahian pahuancha tha.

karyakal

bharat ke pratham rashtrapati d aauktar rajendr prasad ki tulana mean radhakrishnan ka karyakal kafi kathinaiyoan se bhara tha. inake karyakal mean jahaan bharat-chin yuddh aur bharat-pakistan yuddh hue, vahian par do pradhanamantriyoan ki pad par rahate hue mrityu bhi huee. 1962 mean jab chin ne bharat par akraman kiya tha to bharat ki apamanajanak parajay huee thi. us samay vi. ke. krishnaamenan bharat ke rakshamantri the. tab pandit neharoo ko d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ne hi majaboor kiya tha ki krishnaamenan se istifa talab karean, jabaki neharoo ji aisa nahian chahate the.

chin ke sath yuddh mean parajit hone ke bad d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan pandit neharoo ki bhi alochana ki thi. beshak vah pandit neharoo ke kafi nikat the, lekin unhoanne alochana ke sthan par alochana ki aur margadarshan ki avashyakata hone par margadarshan bhi kiya. yah radhakrishnan hi the jinhoanne pandit neharoo ko majaboor kiya tha ki vah lalabahadur shastri ko kendriy mantrimandal mean sthan pradan karean. us samay kamaraj yojana ke aantargat shastri ji bina vibhag ke mantri the. pandit neharoo ke gambhir roop se bimar rahane ke bad pradhanamantri karyalay shastriji ke paramarsh se hi chalata tha.

sanvaidhanik vyavastha

thumb|sarvapalli radhakrishnan
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ke karyakal mean hi pandit neharoo aur shastriji ki pradhanamantri ke pad par rahate hue mrityu huee thi. lekin donoan bar naye pradhanamantri ka chayan sugamatapoorvak kiya gaya. jabaki donoan bar uttaradhikari ghoshit nahian tha aur n hi sanvaidhanik vyavastha mean koee nirdesh tha ki aisi sthiti mean kya kiya jana chahie.

1967 ke ganatantr divas par d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ne desh ko sambodhit karate hue yah spasht kiya tha ki vah ab kisi bhi satr ke lie rashtrapati nahian banana chaheange. yadyapi kaangres ke netaoan ne unase kafi agrah kiya ki vah agale satr ke lie bhi rashtrapati ka dayitv grahan karean, lekin radhakrishnan ne apani ghoshana par poori tarah se amal kiya.

avakashakalin jivan

d aauktar radhakrishnan rashtrapati ke roop mean apane karyakal poorn karane ke bad griharajy ke shahar madras chale ge. vahaan unhoanne poorn avakashakalin jivan vyatit kiya. 1968 mean unhean bharatiy vidya bhavan ke dvara sarvashreshth samman dete hue sahity akadami ki sadasyata pradan ki gee. d aauktar radhakrishnan ne ek sadharan bharatiy iansan ki tarah apana jivan guzara tha. vah paramparagat veshabhoosha mean rahate the. vah safed vastr dharan karate the aur us par koee bhi dag nahian hota tha. vah sir par dakshin bharatiy pag di pahanate the, jo ki bharatiy sanskriti ka pratik banakar sare vishv mean jani gee. radhakrishnan sadharan khana khate the aur jivan paryant shakahari rahe. unhoanne ek behatarin lekhak ke roop mean 150 se adhik rachanaean likhian.

samman aur puraskar

apane darshan shastriy vicharoan ke prakashan dvara sarvapalli radhakrishnan ne pashchim ka dhyan apani or akrisht kiya. inhean 1922 mean 'aauksaphord vishvavidyalay' dvara 'di hindoo vyoo aauph laiph' vishay par vyakhyan dene ke lie amantrit kiya gaya. inhoanne landan mean british empayar ke aantargat ane vali yoonivarsatiyoan ke sammelan mean kalakatta yoonivarsati ka pratinidhitv bhi kiya. 1926 mean radhakrishnan ne yoorop aur amerika ki yatraean bhi kian. inaka sabhi sthanoan par shanadar svagat kiya gaya. inhean aksaphord, kaimbrij, harvard, priansatan aur shikago vishvavidyalayoan ke dvara sammanit bhi kiya gaya. d aauktar radhakrishnan ko yoorop evan amerika ke pravas ke pratyek kshanoan ki smriti thi. ianglaind ke samacharoan patroan ne inake vaktavyoan ki adar ke sath prashansa ki. unaki tippaniyoan se prakat hota tha ki sarvapalli radhakrishnan ek aisi pratibha haian jo n keval bharat ke darshan shastr ki vyakhya kar sakata hai balki pashchim ka darshan shastr bhi unaki pratibha ke dayare mean a jata hai. ek shikshavidh ke roop mean unako asim pratibha ka dhani mana gaya. bharat ke pratham rashtrapati d aau. rajeandr prasad ji ne mahanh darshanik shikshavid aur lekhak d aau. radhakrishnan ko desh ka sarvochch alankaran bharat ratn pradan kiya.

manad upadhiyaan

jab d aauktar radhakrishnan yoorop evan amerika pravas se punah bharat laute to yahaan ke vibhinn vishvavidyalayoan dvara unhean manad upadhiyaan pradan kar unaki vidvatta ka samman kiya gaya. 1928 ki shit rritu mean inaki pratham mulaqat pandit javahar lal neharoo se us samay huee, jab vah kaangres parti ke varshik adhiveshan mean sammilit hone ke lie kolakata ae hue the. yadyapi sarvapalli radhakrishnan bharatiy shaikshik seva ke sadasy hone ke karan kisi bhi rajanitik sanbhashan mean hissedari nahian kar sakate the, tathapi unhoanne is varjana ki koee paravah nahian ki aur bhashan diya. 1929 mean inhean vyakhyan dene hetu 'menechestar vishvavidyalay' dvara amantrit kiya gaya. inhoanne menachestar evan landan mean kee vyakhyan die. inaki shiksha sambandhi upalabdhiyoan ke dayare mean nimnavat sansthanik seva karyoan ko dekha jata hai-

d aauktar radhakrishnan valteyar vishvavidyalay, aandhr pradesh ke 1931 se 1936 tak vais chaansalar rahe.
aksaphord vishvavidyalay ke 1936 se 1952 tak prophesar rahe.
kalakatta vishvavidyalay ke aantargat ane vale j aaurj pancham k aaulej ke prophesar ke roop mean 1937 se 1941 tak kary kiya.
1939 se 1948 tak banaras ke hindoo vishvavidyalay ke chaansalar rahe.
1953 se 1962 tak dilli vishvavidyalay ke chaansalar rahe.
1940 mean pratham bharatiy ke roop mean british akadami mean chune ge.
1948 mean yoonesko mean bharatiy pratinidhi ke roop mean apani upasthiti darj karaee.

thumb|250px|d aau. sarvapalli radhakrishnan evan d aau. zakir husain e.em.yoo. ke vidyarthiyoan ke sath

yogadan

shiksha ke kshetr mean d aau. radhakrishnan ka amooly yogadan sadaiv avismaraniy rahega. ve bahumukhi pratibha ke dhani the. vah ek vidvan, shikshak, vakta, prashasak, rajanayik, deshabhakt aur shiksha shastri the. apane jivan mean anek uchch padoan par rahate hue bhi vah shiksha ke kshetr mean apana yogadan dete rahe. unaka kahana tha ki yadi shiksha sahi prakar se di jae to samaj se anek buraiyoan ko mitaya ja sakata hai.

nidhan

sarvapalli d aau. radhakrishnan ne lambi bimari ke bad 17 aprail, 1975 ko pratahkal antim saans li. vah apane samay ke ek mahanh darshanik the. desh ke lie yah apoorniy kshati thi.

jivani ka prakashan

d aauktar radhakrishnan ke putr d aauktar es. gopal ne 1989 mean unaki jivani ka prakashan kiya. isake poorv d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ke vyaktitv tatha jivan ki ghatanaoan ke sambandh mean kisi ko bhi adhikadhik janakari nahian thi aur n hi unake rishtoan ke bare mean kuchh maloom tha. bad mean svayan unake putr ne bhi mana ki unake pita ki vyaktigat zidangi ke vishay mean likhana ek b di chunauti thi aur ek nazuk mamala bhi. lekin d aauktar es. gopal ne pita ke sath apane sambandhoan ko bhi jivani mean rekhaankit kiya. 1952 mean nyooyark mean 'laibreri aauf liviang philosaphars' ke nam se ek shriankhala di gee jisamean sarvapalli radhakrishnan ke bare mean adhikarik roop se likha gaya tha. svayan radhakrishnan ne usamean darj samagri ka kabhi khandan nahian kiya. march 1975 mean d aauktar sarvapalli radhakrishnan ko tempalatan puraskar se sammanit kiya gaya, jo ki dharm ke kshetr mean utthan ke lie pradan kiya jata hai. is puraskar ko grahan karane vale yah pratham gair-eesaee sampraday ke vyakti the.

REDIRECTsaancha:inhean bhi dekhean

bharat ke rashtrapati

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poorvadhikari
rajendr prasad

sarvapalli radhakrishnan

uttaradhikari
zakir husain