राष्ट्रीय प्रदूषण नियंत्रण दिवस
rashtriy pradooshan niyantran divas
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| vivaran | 'rashtriy pradooshan niyantran divas' 2 disambar ko manaya jata hai. 'bhopal gais trasadi' mean apani jan ganva dene vale logoan ki smriti mean yah divas manaya jata hai. |
| desh | bharat |
| tithi | 2 disambar |
| manane ka karan | har sal rashtriy pradooshan niyantran divas manane ke pramukh karakoan mean se ek audyogik apada ke prabandhan aur niyantran ke sath hi pani, hava aur mitti ke pradooshan ki rokatham hai. |
| sanbandhit lekh | vishv paryavaran divas, pradooshan, vishv paryavaran sanrakshan divas, paryavaran |
| any janakari | sabhi achchhe aur kharab karyoan ke niyamoan aur kanoonoan ki rashtriy pradooshan niyantran bord ya keandriy pradooshan niyantran bord (sipisibi) dvara jaanch ki jati hai, jo bharat mean pradooshan ki rokatham ke lie sarakari nikay hai. |
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rashtriy pradooshan niyantran divas (aangrezi: National Pollution Control Day) pratyek varsh bharat mean '2 disambar' ko manaya jata hai. yah divas un logoan ki yad mean manaya jata hai, jinhoanne 'bhopal gais trasadi' mean apani jan ganva di thi. un mritakoan ko samman dene aur yad karane ke liye bharat mean har varsh is divas ko manaya jata hai. bhopal gais trasadi varsh 1984 mean 2 aur 3 disanbar ki rat mean shahar mean sthit yooniyan karbaid ke rasayanik sanyantr se jaharila rasayan, jise mithail aisosainet (emaeesi) ke roop mean jana jata hai, ke sath-sath any rasayanoan ke risav ke karan huee thi. riport ke mutabiq, 5,00,000 se adhik logoan ki[1] emaeesi ki jaharili gais ke risav ke karan mrityu ho gayi. bad mean, madhy pradesh sarakar dvara ye ghoshit kiya gaya ki gais trasadi se sanbandhit lagabhag 3,787 logoan ki mrityu huee thi. agale 72 ghantoan mean lagabhag 8,000-10,000 ke asapas logoan ki maut huee, vahian bad mean gais trasadi se sanbandhit bimariyoan ke karan lagabhag 25000 logoan ki maut ho gayi. ye poore vishv mean itihas ki sabase b di audyogik pradooshan apada ke roop mean jana gaya.
gais trasadi ke karak
- kee chhote dramoan mean bhandaran ke sthan par b de taiank mean mithail aisosainet ka bhandaran.
- kam logoan ki jagah mean adhik khataranak rasayanoan ka prayog.
- sanyantr dvara 1980 ke dashak mean utpadan ke roke jane ke bad gais ka kharab sanrakshan.
- paipalainoan mean kharab samagri ki upasthiti.
- vibhinn suraksha pranaliyoan ke dvara sahi se kam n karana.
- aaupareshan ke lie sanyantroan ke sthan par hath se kam karane par nirbharata, visheshajn aauparetaroan ki kami ke sath hi apada prabandhan ki yojana ki kami.[2]
manane ka karan
har sal rashtriy pradooshan niyantran divas manane ke pramukh karakoan mean se ek audyogik apada ke prabandhan aur niyantran ke sath hi pani, hava aur mitti ke pradooshan[3] ki rokatham hai. sarakar dvara poori duniya mean pradooshan ko ganbhirata se niyantrit karane aur rokane ke lie bahut se qanoonoan ki ghoshana ki gayi. rashtriy pradooshan niyantran divas har sal 2 disanbar ko pradooshan niyantran adhiniyamoan ki avashyakata ki or bahut adhik dhyan dene ke liye logoan ko aur sabase adhik udyogoan ko jagarook karane ke lie manaya jata hai.
niyam aur qanoon
bharatiy qanoon dvara liya gaya nivaran tarika kya hai? bharat sarakar ne poore bharat mean pradooshan ke niyantran aur rokatham ke liye vibhinn sanjida niyam aur qanoon banaye haian, jinamean se kuchh nimn hai[2]-
- 1974 ka jal (rokatham aur pradooshan niyantran) adhiniyam,
- 1977 ka jal upakar (rokatham aur pradooshan niyantran) adhiniyam,
- 1981 ka vayu (rokatham aur pradooshan niyantran) adhiniyam,
- 1986 ka paryavaran (sanrakshan) niyam,
- 1986 ka paryavaran (sanrakshan) adhiniyam,
- 1989 ka khataranak rasayanik nirman, bhandaran aur ayat ka niyam
- 1989 ka khataranak apashisht (prabandhan aur haiandaliang) niyam,
- 1989 ka khataranak maikro jiv anuvaanshik ianjiniyar jivoan ya koshikaoan ke nirman, bhandaran, ayat, niryat aur bhandaran ka niyam,
- 1996 ka rasayanik durghatanaoan (imarajeansi, yojana, taiyari aur pratikriya) niyam,
- 1998 ka jaiv chikitsa apashisht (prabandhan aur sanchalan) niyam,
- 1999 ka punarnavinikaran plastik nirman aur upayog niyam
- 2000 ka ojon kshayakari padarth (viniyaman) niyam
- 2000 ka dhvani pradooshan (viniyaman evan niyantran) ka niyam
- 2000 ka nagarapalika thos apashisht (prabandhan aur sanchalan) niyam
- 2001 ka baitariyoan (mainejameant aur sanchalan) niyam.
- 2006 ka maharashtr jaiv kachara (niyantran) adhyadesh.
- 2006 ka paryavaran prabhav akalan adhisoochana niyam.
rashtriy pradooshan niyantran bord
sabhi achchhe aur kharab karyoan ke niyamoan aur kanoonoan ki rashtriy pradooshan niyantran bord ya keandriy pradooshan niyantran bord (sipisibi) dvara jaanch ki jati hai jo bharat mean pradooshan ki rokatham ke lie sarakari nikay hai. ye hamesha jaanch karata hai ki sabhi udyogoan dvara paryavaran anukool praudyogikiyoan ka sahi tarike se upayog kiya ja raha hai ya nahian. maharashtr mean apana svany ka niyantran bord hai, jise 'maharashtr pradooshan niyantran bord' (emapisibi) kaha jata hai, ye pradooshan niyantran ki tatkal avashyakata ke roop mean hai, kyoanki ye un b de rajyoan mean se ek hai, jahaan audyogikaran ki dar bahut tezise badhati ja rahi hai. prakritik sansadhan jaise jal, vayu, bhoomi ya van vibhinn prakar ke pradooshan dvara tezise prabhavit ho rahe haian, jinhean sahi tarike se niyamoan aur viniyamoan ko lagoo karake turant surakshit karana bahut zaroori hai.
niyantran ke kya upay haian?
- shahari apashisht jal upachar aur pun: upayog pariyojana.
- thos apashisht aur usake prabandhan ka vaijnanik upachar.
- apashisht ke utpadan ko kam karana.
- sivej upachar suvidha.
- kachare ka pun: upayog aur apashisht se oorja utpadan..
- jaiv-chikitsa apashisht upachar suvidha.
- ilektr aaunik kachare ki upachar suvidha.
- jal apoorti pariyojana.
- sansadhan rikavari pariyojana.
- oorja ki bachat pariyojana.
- shahari kshetroan mean khataranak apashisht prabandhan.
- svachchh vikas tantr par pariyojanaean.[2]
pradooshan rokane ke liye niti, niyamoan ke uchit karyanvayan aur pradooshan ke sabhi nivarak upayoan ke sath hi rajy sarakar dvara kee any prayas kiye ge haian. udyogoan ko sabase pahale pradooshan ko kam karane ke lie pradhikaran dvara lagoo kiye gaye sabhi niyamoan aur viniyamoan ka palan karana hoga.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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