वन्दे मातरम्

vande mataramh
vande mataramh|200px|center
vivaran	'vande mataramh' bharat ka rashtriy git hai, jisake pratham do pad sanskrit mean tatha shesh pad bangali bhasha mean haian. isaka sh‍than rashtriy gan 'jan gan man' ke barabar hai.
rachanakar	bankim chandr chattopadhyay
aangikrit	24 janavari, 1950
sangit	yadunath bhattachary
vishesh	raviandranath taigor ne is git ko svarabaddh kiya aur pahali bar 1896 mean kaangres ke kalakatta adhiveshan mean yah git gaya gaya.
any janakari	arabiando ghosh ne is git ka aangrezi mean aur arif mohammad khan ne isaka urdoo mean anuvad kiya tha. 14 agast, 1947 ki ratri mean sanvidhan sabha ki pahali baithak ka praranbh ‘vande mataram’ ke sath aur samapan ‘jan gan man...’ ke sath hua tha.
bahari k diyaan	rashh‍triy git vidiyo

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vande mataramh bharat ka rashtriy git hai jisaki rachana bankim chandr chattopadhyay dvara ki gee thi. inhoanne 7 navambar, 1876 ee. mean bangal ke kaantal pada namak gaanv mean is git ki rachana ki thi. vande mataramh git ke pratham do pad sanskrit mean tatha shesh pad baangla bhasha mean the. rashtrakavi raviandranath taigor ne is git ko svarabaddh kiya aur pahali bar 1896 mean kaangres ke kalakatta adhiveshan mean yah git gaya gaya. arabiando ghosh ne is git ka aangrezi mean aur arif mohammad khan ne isaka urdoo mean anuvad kiya. 'vande mataramh' ka sh‍than rashtriy gan 'jan gan man' ke barabar hai. yah git sh‍vatantrata ki l daee mean logoan ke lie prarena ka srot tha.

pad

vande mataramh git ka pratham pad is prakar hai-

vande mataramh, vande mataramh!
sujalamh, suphalamh, malayaj shitalamh,
shasyashyamalamh, mataramh!
vande mataramh!
shubhrajyotsanamh pulakitayaminimh,
phullakusumit drumadal shobhinimh,
suhasinimh sumadhur bhashinimh,
sukhadamh varadamh, mataramh!
vande mataramh, vande mataramh॥

arabind ka anuvad

gady roop mean shri arabinh‍d ghosh dvara kie ge aangrezi anuvad ka hinh‍di anuvad is prakar hai-

maian apake samane natamash‍tak hota hooan. o mata,
pani se sianchi, phaloan se bhari,
dakshin ki vayu ke sath shanh‍t,
kataee ki fasaloan ke sath gahara,
mata!
usaki ratean chaandani ki garima mean praphullit ho rahi haian,
usaki zamin khilate phooloan vale vrikshoan se bahut suandar dhaki huee hai,
hansi ki mithas, vani ki mithas,
mata, varadan dene vali, anand dene vali.

mool git

sujalaan suphalaan malayajashitalamh
sasy shyamalaan mataranmh .
shubhr jyotsanamh pulakit yaminimh
phull kusumit drumadalashobhinimh,
suhasinian sumadhur bhashinimh .
sukhadaan varadaan mataramh ॥

chitr:Blockquote-open.gif git ke pahale do chhandoan mean matribhoomi ki suandarata ka gitatmak varnan kiya gaya hai, lekin 1880 ke dashak ke madhy mean git ko naya ayam milana shuroo ho gaya. aisa isalie hua, kyoanki bankimachandr ne 1881 mean apane upanyas 'anandamath' mean is git ko shamil kar liya. usake bad kahani ki maang ko dekhate hue unhoanne is git ko lanba kiya. bad mean jo de ge hisse mean hi dashapraharanadharini (durga), kamala (lakshmi) aur vani (sarasvati) ke uddharan die ge haian. chitr:Blockquote-close.gif

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koti koti kanth kalakal ninad karale
dvisapt koti bhujairdhrat kharakaravale
ke bole ma tumi abale
bahubal dharinimh namami tarinimh
ripudalavarinimh mataramh ॥

tumi vidya tumi dharm, tumi hradi tumi marm
tvan hi pranaah sharire
bahute tumi ma shakti,
hridaye tumi ma bhakti,
tomarai pratima gadi mandire-mandire ॥

tvan hi durga dashapraharanadharini
kamala kamaladal viharini
vani vidyadayini, namami tvamh
namami kamalaan amalaan atulamh
sujalaan suphalaan mataramh ॥

shyamalaan saralaan susmitaan bhooshitamh
dharanian bharanian mataramh ॥

git ke rag v avadhi

varshoan se 'sangit sarita', 'svar sudha' aur 'rag-anurag' jaise karyakram sunane mean ate rahe haian. in karyakramoan se yah jnat ho jata hai ki dher sare filmi git kaun-kaun se rag par adharit haian. par khed hai ki ab tak yah janakari nahian mil saki ki rashtriy git vande mataramh aur rashtriy gan 'jan gan man' kin ragoan par adharit haian. yah donoan hi rachanaean baangla bhasha ke kaviyoan se nikali haian. svatantrata sangharsh ke dauran rachi gee in rachanaoan ko ye kavi svayan jan sabhaoan mean gaya karate the, jisase lagata hai ki yah rachanaean 'ravindr sangit' mean nibaddh hai. rashtriy gan ke to rachanakar hi ravindranath taigor haian. [[chitr:Bankim-Chandra-Chatterjee.jpg|thumb|bankim chandr chattopadhyay]] bankimachandr chatarji dvara rachit 'vande mataramh' to bahut lambi rachana hai, jisamean maan durga ki shakti ka bhi bakhan hai, par pahale aantare ke sath ise sarakari git ke roop mean manyata mili hai aur ise rashtriy git ka darza dekar isaki n keval dhun balki git ki avadhi tak sanvidhan sabha dvara tay ki gee hai, jo 52 sekend hai. is tarah lagata hai ki 'rashtriy gan' aur 'rashtriy git' ke n sirf rag balki isamean bajane vale saz bhi lagabhag tay hai.

nirman

1870 ke dauran aangrez hukmaranoan ne 'g aaud sev d kvin' git gaya jana anivary kar diya tha. aangrezoan ke is adesh se bankimachandr chatarji ko, jo tab ek sarakari adhikari the, bahut thes pahuanchi aur unhoanne sanbhavat: 1876 mean isake vikalp ke taur par sanskrit aur baangla ke mishran se ek ne git ki rachana ki aur usaka shirshak diya "vande mataramh". shuruat mean isake keval do pad rache ge the, jo keval sanskrit mean the.

git ka virodh

git ke pahale do chhandoan mean matribhoomi ki suandarata ka gitatmak varnan kiya gaya tha, lekin 1880 ke dashak ke madhy mean git ko naya ayam milana shuroo ho gaya. aisa isalie hua, kyoanki bankim chandr ne 1881 mean apane upanyas 'anandamath' mean is git ko shamil kar liya. usake bad kahani ki maang ko dekhate hue unhoanne is git ko aur lanba kiya. bad mean jo de ge hisse mean hi 'dashapraharanadharini', kamala aur vani ke uddharan die ge haian. lekhak hone ke nate bankimachandr ko aisa karane ka poora adhikar tha aur isako lekar turant koee nakaratmak pratikriya nahian huee. yani tab kisi ne aisa nahian kaha ki yah moorti ki vandana karane vala git hai ya 'rashtragit' nahian hai. kafi samay bad jab vibhajanakari muslim aur hindoo saanpradayik takatean ubharian to yah rashtragit se ek aisa git ban gaya, jisamean saanpradayik nihitarth the. 1920 aur khasakar 1930 ke dashak mean is git ka virodh shuroo hua.

'vandemataram' gayan

15 agast, 1947 ko pratah 6:30 baje akashavani se pandit oankaranath thakur ka rag-desh mean nibaddh 'vandemataram' ke gayan ka sajiv prasaran hua tha. azadi ki suhani subah mean deshavasiyoan ke kanoan mean rashtrabhakti ka mantr phooankane mean 'vandemataram' ki bhoomika avismaraniy thi. oankaranath ji ne poora git stoodiyo mean kh de hokar gaya tha; arthat unhoanne ise rashtragit ke taur par poora samman diya. is prasaran ka poora shrey saradar ballabh bhaee patel ko jata hai. pandit oankaranath thakur ka yah git 'di gramophon kampani aauf iandiya' ke rik aaurd sankhya STC 048 7102 mean maujood hai.

rashh‍triy git ki manyata

24 janavari, 1950 ko sanvidhan sabha ne nirnay liya ki svatantrata sangram mean 'vandemataram' git ki ullekhaniy bhoomika ko dekhate hue is git ke pratham do antaroan ko 'jan gan man..' ke samakaksh manyata di jay. d aau. rajendr prasad ne sanvidhan sabha ka yah nirnay sunaya. "vandemataram' ko rashtragan ke samakaksh manyata mil jane par anek mahattvapoorn rashtriy avasaroan par 'vandemataram' git ko sthan mila. aj bhi 'akashavani' ke sabhi kendroan ka prasaran 'vandemataram' se hi hota hai. aj bhi kee saanskritik aur sahityik sansthaoan mean 'vandemataram' git ka poora-poora gayan kiya jata hai.

itihas

san 1905 ke bangal ke svadeshi aandolan ne vande mataramh ko rajanitik nare mean tabdil kar diya. rashtravadi virodh-pradarshan ki aguaee karate hue ravindranath taigor ne ise gaya aur araviand ghosh ne bankimachandr ko rashtravad ka rrishi kahakar pukara. san 1920 tak subrahmanyam bharati tatha doosaroan ke hathoan vibhinn bharatiy bhashaoan mean anoodit hokar yah git rashtragan ki haisiyat pa chuka tha. baharahal, san 1930 ke dashak mean vande mataramh ki is haisiyat par vivad utha aur log is git ki moorti-poojakata ko lekar apatti uthane lage. javaharalal neharoo ke netritv mean gathit ek samiti ki salah par bharatiy rashtriy kaangres ne san 1937 mean is git ke un aanshoan ko chhaant diya, jinamean butaparasti ke bhav zyada prabal the aur git ke sanpadit aansh ko rashtragan ke roop mean apana liya.

rashtragit ka darja

jab azad bharat ka naya sanvidhan likha ja raha tha, tab vande mataramh ko n rashtragan ke roop mean apanaya gaya aur n hi use rashtragit ka darza mila. lekin sanvidhan sabha ke adhyaksh aur bharat ke pahale rashtrapati rajendr prasad ne 24 janavari, 1950 ko ghoshana ki ki vande mataramh ko rashtragit ka darza diya ja raha hai.

svadhinata sangram mean rashtragit ki bhoomika

bangal mean chale azadi ke aandolan mean vibhinn railiyoan mean josh bharane ke lie yah git gaya jane laga. dhire-dhire yah git logoan mean lokapriy ho gaya. britrani hukoomat isaki lokapriyata se sashankit ho uthi aur usane is par pratibandh lagane par vichar karana shuroo kar diya. 1896 mean 'bharatiy rashtriy kaangres' ke 'kalakatta adhiveshan' mean bhi gurudev ravindranath taigor ne yah git gaya. paanch sal bad yani 1901 mean kalakatta mean hue ek any adhiveshan mean charan das ne yah git punah gaya. 1905 mean banaras mean hue adhiveshan mean is git ko sarala devi ne svar diya.

kaangres ke adhiveshanoan ke alava bhi azadi ke aandolan ke dauran is git ke prayog ke kafi udaharan maujood haian. lala lajapat ray ne lahaur se jis jarnal ka prakashan shuroo kiya, usaka nam 'vande mataram' rakha. aangrezoan ki goli ka shikar banakar dam to dane vali azadi ki divani matangini hazara ki juban par akhiri shabd 'vande mataram' hi the. san 1907 mean maidam bhikaji kama ne jab jarmani ke statagart mean tiranga phaharaya to usake madhy mean 'vande mataramh' hi likha hua tha.

git ke aitihasik tathy

• 7 navanbar 1876 mean bangal ke kaantal pada gaanv mean bankim chandr chattopadhyay ne 'vande mataram' ki rachana ki thi.
• 1882 mean vande mataram bankim chandr chattopadhyay ke prasiddh upanyas 'anandamath' mean sammilit hua.
• 1896 mean ravindr nath taigor ne pahali bar ‘vande mataram’ ko bangali shaili mean lay aur sangit ke sath kalakatta ke kaangres adhiveshan mean gaya.
• moolaroop se ‘vande mataram’ ke praranbhik do pad sanskrit mean the, jabaki shesh git baangla bhasha mean.
• vande mataramh ka aangrezi anuvad sabase pahale araviand ghosh ne kiya.
• disambar 1905 mean kaangres karyakarini ki baithak mean git ko rashtragit ka darza pradan kiya gaya, bang-bhang aandolan mean ‘vande mataramh’ rashtriy nara bana.
• 1906 mean ‘vande mataram’ devanagari lipi mean prastut kiya gaya, kaangres ke kalakatta adhiveshan mean gurudev ravindr nath taigor ne isaka sanshodhit roop prastut kiya.
• 1923 mean kaangres adhiveshan mean vande mataramh ke virodh mean svar uthe.
• pan. neharoo, maulana abul kalam azad, subhash chandr bos aur achary narendr dev ki samiti ne 28 aktoobar 1937 ko kaangres ke kalakatta adhiveshan mean pesh apani riport mean is rashtragit ke gayan ko anivary badhyata se mukt rakhate hue kaha tha ki is git ke shuruati do pad hi prasangik hai, is samiti ka margadarshan ravindr nath taigor ne kiya.
• 14 agast 1947 ki ratri mean sanvidhan sabha ki pahali baithak ka praranbh ‘vande mataram’ ke sath aur samapan ‘jan gan man...’ ke sath hua.
• 1950 ‘vande mataram’ rashtriy git aur ‘jan gan man’ rashtriy gan bana.
• 2002 bi.bi.si. ke ek sarvekshan ke anusar ‘vande mataramh’ vishv ka doosara sarvadhik lokapriy git hai.

rashtragit ka mahattv

rashtriy ekata ko mazaboot karane mean git, sangit aur nrity ki mahattv bhoomika hoti hai. logoan ko ekasootr mean baandhane ke sath hi sangit man ko khushi bhi deti hai. sarvapratham 1882 mean prakashit is git ko pahale-pahal 7 sitanbar, 1905 mean kaangres adhiveshan mean rashtragit ka darza diya gaya. isilie 2005 mean isake sau sal poore hone ke upalaksh mean ek sal ke samaroh ka ayojan kiya gaya. 7 sitanbar, 2006 mean is samaroh ke samapan ke avasar par 'manav sansadhan mantralay' ne is git ko skooloan mean gae jane par bal diya. halaanki isaka virodh hone par us samay ke 'manav sansadhan vikas mantri' arjun sianh ne sansad mean kaha ki- "git gana kisi ke lie avashyak nahian kiya gaya hai, yah svechchha par nirbhar karata hai."

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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bahari k diyaan

• rashh‍triy git vidiyo
• aur bhi bahut kuchh likha hai bankim chandr ne

sanbandhit lekh

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