रेखाचित्र
rekhachitr kahani se milata-julata sahity roop hai. yah nam aangrezi ke 'skech' shabd ki nap-tol par gadha gaya hai. skech chitrakala ka aang hai. isamean chitrakar kuchh ini-gini rekhaoan dvara kisi vastu-vyakti ya drishy ko aankit kar deta hai-skech rekhaoan ki bahulata aur rangoan ki vividhata mean aankit koee chitr nahian hai, n vah ek foto hi hai, jisamean nanhian se nanhian aur sadharan se sadharan vastu bhi khianch ati hai.
sahity mean rekhachitr
sahity mean jise rekhachitr kahate haian, usamean bhi kam se kam shabdoan mean kalatmak dhang se kisi vastu, vyakti ya drishy ka aankan kiya jata hai. isamean sadhan shabd hai, rekhaean nahian. isilie ise shabdachitr bhi kahate haian. kahian-kahian isaka aangrezi nam 'skech' bhi vyavahrit hota hai.
rekhachitr ka svaroop
rekhachitr kisi vyakti, vastu, ghatana ya bhav ka kam se kam shabdoan mean marm-sparshi, bhavapoorn evan sajiv aankan hai. kahani se isaka bahut adhik samy hai- donoan mean kshan, ghatana ya bhav vishesh par dhyan rahata hai, donoan ki rooparekha sankshipt rahati hai aur donoan mean kathakar ke naireshan aur patroan ke sanlap ka prasanganusar upayog kiya jata hai. in vidhaoan ke samy ke karan anek kahaniyoan ko bhi rekhachitr kah diya jata hai aur isake thik viparit anek rekhachitroan ko kahani ki sanjna prapt ho jati hai. kahian-kahian lagata hai, kahani aur rekhachitr ke bich vibhajan rekha khianchana saral nahian hai. udaharan ke lie raykrishnadas likhit 'ant:pur ka arambh' kahani hai, par vah adim manushy ki ant:vritti par adharit 'rekhachitr' bhi hai. ramavriksh benipuri ki pustak 'mati ki mooratean' mean sankalit 'raziya', 'baladev sianh', 'dev' adi rekhachitr kahaniyaan bhi haian. shrimati mahadevi varma likhit 'rama', 'ghisa' adi rekhachitr bhi kahani kah jate haian. kahani aur rekhachitr mean samy hai avashy, par jaisa ki 'shiple' ke 'vishv sahity kosh' mean kaha gaya hai, rekhachitr mean kahani ki gaharaee ka abhav rahata hai. doosari bat yah bhi hai ki kahani mean kisi n kisi matra mean kathatmakata apekshit rahati hai, par rekhachitr mean nahian.
atmakatha aur sansmaran se bhinn
vyaktiyoan ke jivan par adharit rekhachitr likhe jate haian, par rekhachitr jivanacharit nahian hai. jivanacharit ke lie yathatathyata evan vastunishthata anivary hai. isamean kalpana ke lie avakash nahian rahata, lekin rekhachitr sahityik kriti hai- lekhak apani bhavana evan kalpana ki toolika se hi vibhinn chitr aankit karata hai. jivanacharit mean samagrata ka bhi agrah rahata hai, isamean samany evan mahattvapoorn sab prakar ki ghatanaoan ke chitran ka prayatn rahata hai, lekin rekha chitrakar gini-chuni rekhaoan, gini-chuni mahattvapoorn ghatanaoan ka hi upayog karata hai. in batoan se yah bhi spasht hai ki rekhachitr atmakatha aur sansmaran se bhi bhinn astitv rakhata hai.
rekhachitr ki visheshata
rekhachitr ki visheshata vistar mean nahian, tivrata mean hoti hai. rekhachitr poorn chitr nahian hai-vah vyakti, vastu, ghatana adi ka ek nishchit vivaran ki nyoonata ke sath-sath tivr sanvedanashilata vartaman rahati hai. isilie rekhachitraankan ka sabase mahattvapoorn upakaran hai, us drishtibindu ka nirdharan, jahaan se lekhak apane varny vishay ka avalokan kar usaka aankan karata hai. is drishti se vyangy chitr aur rekhachitr ki kalaean bahut saman haian. donoan mean drishti ki sookshmata tatha kam se kam sthan mean adhik se adhik abhivyakt karane ki tatparata parilakshit hoti hai. rekhachitr ke lie sanket samarthy bhi bahut avashyak hai- rekhachitrakar shabdoan aur vakyoan se pare bhi bahut kuchh kahane ki kshamata rakhata hai. rekhachitr ke lie upayukt vishay ka chunav bhi bahut mahattvapoorn hai. isaki vishay vastu aisi hoti hai, jise vistrit varnan aur rangoan ki apeksha n ho aur jo kuchh hi rekhaoan ke sanghat se chamak uthe.
- udaharan-
chaandani rat mean 'tajamahal' ki shobha ko rekhachitr mean baandha ja sakata hai, par shahajahaan aur mumataz mahal ki premakatha ko rekhachitr ki sima mean baandh sakana kathin kam hai.
vishay aur shaili
rekhachitr ke lie vishay ka bandhan nahian rahata, sab prakar ke vishayoan ka isamean samavesh ho sakata hai. mool chetana ke adhar par rekhachitroan ko anek vargoan mean rakha ja sakata hai-
- sansmaranatmak
- varnanatmak
- vyangyatmak
- manovaijnanik adi
hiandi mean rekhachitr
hindi mean anek lekhakoan ne rekhachitr likhe haian. is kshetr ke kuchh mahattvapoorn nam haian-
- banarasidas chaturvedi : 'rekhachitr'
- mahadevi varma : 'atit ke chalachitr', 'smriti ki rekhaean' aur 'shrriankhala ki k diyaan'
- ramavriksh benipuri : 'mati ki mooratean' tatha 'gehooan aur gulab'
- prakashachandr gupt : 'purani smritiyaan aur naye skech tatha rekhachitr'
- kanhaiyalal mishr 'prabhakar' : 'bhoole hue chehare' adi.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
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bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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