लुंबिनी
[[chitr:Buddha1.jpg|thumb|250px|abhilikhit abhay mudra mean buddh]] shaky ganarajy ki rajadhani kapilavastu ke nikat uttar pradesh ke 'kakaraha' namak gram se 14 mil aur nepal-bharat sima se kuchh door par nepal ke andar ruminodeee namak gram hi lumbanigram hai, jo gautam buddh ke janm sthan ke roop mean jagat prasiddh hai. nautanavaan steshan se yah sthan das mil door hai. buddh ki mata mayadevi kapilavastu se koliyaganarajy ki rajadhani devadah jate samay lumbanigram mean ek shalavriksh ke niche thahari thian[1], usi samay buddh ka janm hua tha.
itihas
buddh ka janm 563 ee. poo. ke as-pas kapilavastu ke shaky kshatriy kul mean hua tha. rumminadeee kapilavastu se lagabhag 15 kilomitar poorv mean hai. rumminadeee se prapt abhilekh se jnat hota hai ki samrat ashok apane rajyabhishek ke bis varsh bad yahaan aya tha. usane yahaan archana ki kyoanki yah shakyamuni ki pavan janm sthali hai. usane rumminadeee mean ek b di divar banavayi aur ek prastar stambh sthapit karaya. is abhilekh mean yah bhi ullekh hai ki usane lumbini gaanv ke dharmik kar maph kar diye aur malagujari ke roop mean athavaan hissa tay kar diya.
lumbini ka varnan chini yatri phahiyan aur yuvanachvaang ne bhi kiya hai. phahiyan ke anusar kapilavastu se 50 li [2] poorv mean lumbini van yuvanachvaang ne is sthan par us stoop ko dekha tha, jise ashok ne banavaya tha. sambhavatah hoonoan ke akramanoan ke pashchath yah sthan gumanami ke aandhere gart mean sama gaya. d aau. phooharar ne 1866 ee. mean is sthan ko khoj nikala. tab se is sthan ko bauddh jagat mean poojaniy sthal ke roop mean manyata mili.
granthoan mean ullekh
pali granthoan mean buddh ke janmasthan ke taur par lumbani ke do ullekh milate haian, pahala nalak sutt mean samahit ek varnanatmak kavita mean aur doosara kathavastu mean. lekin janm ke arambhik vivaran sanskrit granthoan, mahavastu aur lalitavistar[3] mean haian, donoan ko hi pahali ya dasari shatabdi se pahale ka nahian mana ja sakata. ek abhilekh ki khoj se is bat ka pata chalata hai ki is sthan par tisari shatabdi ee. poo. mean bharat ke maury samrat ashok ae the aur unhoanne ise buddh ka janmasthan mana, lekin isase yah sambhavana banati hai ki yah dantakatha tisari shatabdi ee. poo. se hi prachalit thi. jis sthan par buddh ka janm hua tha, vahaan par bad mean maury samrat ashok ne ek prastarastambh ka nirman karavaya. stambh ke pas hi ek sarovar hai jisamean bauddh kathaoan ke anusar navajat shishu ko devataoan ne snan karavaya tha. yah sthan anek shatiyoan tak vanyapashuoan se bhare hue ghane jangaloan ke bich chhipa p da raha. 19vian shati mean is sthan ka pata chala aur yahaan sthit ashok shtamhbh ke nimn abhilekh se hi isaka lumbani se abhijnan nishchit ho saka-
'devanan piyen piyadashina lajina visativasabhisiten atan agach mahiyate hidabudhejate sakyamuniti silavig dabhi chakalapit silath-bhech usapapite-hid bhagavan jateti lummanigame ubalike kate athabhagie ch'
arthath devanaanmapriy priyadarshi raja (ashok) ne rajyabhishek ke bisavean varsh yahaan par akar buddh ki pooja ki. [[chitr:Lumbini.jpg|thumb|250px|buddh ka janm sthan, luanbini]] yahaan shakyamuni ka janm hua tha, atah usane yahaan shilabhitt banavaee aur shila stambh sthapit kiya. kyoanki bhagavan buddh ka lumbani gram mean janm hua tha, isalie is gram ko bali-kar se rahit kar diya gaya aur us par bhoomikar ka keval ashtam bhag (shashthaansh ke bajae) niyat kiya gaya. is stambh k shirsh par pahale ek ashv-moorti pratishthit thi jo ab nasht ho gee hai. stambh par anek varsh poorv bijali ke girane se niche se oopar ki or ek darar p d gee hai.
yuvanachvaang ki yatra
chini paryatak yuvanachvaang ne bharat bhraman ke dauran[4] mean lumbani ki yatri ki thi. usane yahaan ka varnan is prakar kiya hai-
'is udyan mean sundar t daang hai, jahaan par shaky snan karate the. isamean 400 pag ki doori par ek prachin sal ka pe d hai. jisake niche bhagavan buddh avattirn hue the. poorv ki or ashok ka stoop tha. is sthan par do nagoan ne kumar siddharth ko garm aur thande pani se snan karavaya tha. isake dakshin mean ek stoop hai, jahaan par indr ne navajat shishu ko snan karavaya tha. isake pas hi svarg ke un char rajaoan ke stoop haian jinhoanne shishu ki dekhabhal ki thi. is stoopoan ke pas ek shila-stoop tha, jise ashok ne banavaya tha. isake shirsh par ek ashv ki moorti nirmit thi.'
stoopoan ke ab koee chihn nahian milate. ashvaghosh ne [5]lumbani van mean buddh ke janm ka ullekh kiya hai.[6]) buddhacharit 1,8 mean is van ka punah ullekh kiya gaya hai-[7]yah sthan, jo nepal ki rashtriy sima ke bhitar hai, ek bar phir se bauddh tirthasthal ke roop mean vikasit kiya ja raha hai.
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vithika
- chitr:The-World-Peace-Pagoda-Lumbini.jpg
vishv shaanti stoop, luanbini
- chitr:Thai-Temple-Lumbini.jpg
thaee mandir, luanbini
- chitr:The-Great-Lotus-Stupa-Lumbini.jpg
gret lotas stoop, luanbini
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- aitihasik sthanavali se pej sankhya 819-820 | vijayendr kumar mathur | vaijnanik tatha takaniki shabdavali ayog | manav sansadhan vikas mantralay, bharat sarakar
- bharat jnanakosh se pej sankhya 163 | iandu ramachandani | britenika
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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