लॉर्ड एलगिन द्वितीय
l aaurd lainsadaun ke bad janavari, 1894 ee. mean l aaurd elagin dvitiy bharat ka vaisaray bana. l aaurd elagin dvitiy ne bharat ke vishay mean kaha tha ki, "bharat ko talavar ke bal par vijit kiya gaya hai, aur talavar ke bal par hi isaki raksha ki jayegi". isake shasan kal mean 1895 ee. se 1898 ee. tak madhy pradesh, uttar pradesh, bihar tatha panjab mean bhayankar akal p da. elagin dvitiy ne 'sar jems layal' ki adhyakshata mean ek 'akal ayog' ki niyukt ki thi. elagin dvitiy ke samay mean 'chitaral' v 'afaridiyoan' ki samasya ubhari. 1895 ee. mean chitaral shasak ki hatya kar di gee, tatpashchath uttaradhikar ke lie l daee arambh ho gee. kalantar mean british sena ne hastakshep kar chitaral ko apane qabze mean kar liya. kabayaliyoan ne asantushth hokar khaibar darre ko band kar diya. joon, 1897 ee. mean ek bar phir kabayaliyoan se jh dap huee aur antat: afaridiyoan ne poorn atm-samarpan kar diya.
bhagy rahit vyakti
l aaurd elagin dvitiy apane pita ki bhaanti isake poorv kisi mahattvapoorn pad par nahian raha aur n hi usamean koee vishesh yogyata thi. isake alava usaka bhagy bhi kharab tha. usi ke karyakal mean 1896 ee. mean banbee mean pleg ki bimari phaili aur 1896-97 ee. mean deshavyapi aqal p da. in donoan vipattiyoan ko rokane mean athava janata ko rahat pahuanchane mean usaka prashasan saphal nahian ho saka. natija yah hua ki pleg aur aqal ke karan british bharat mean 10 lakh vyakti kal ke gal mean sama ge.
bharatiy janata se katuta
isake alava banbee mean pleg phailane se aangrezoan ke hath-pair phool ge. unhoanne sena ki sahayata se use rokane ke lie atyant kathor qadam uthae. aangrez adhikari logoan ko gharoan se nikalane ke lie jananakhane tak mean ghus jate the. isase bharatiy janata mean b di katuta utpann huee. phal yah hua ki poona mean do aangrez, jinamean ek siviliyan tatha doosara sainik adhikari tha, mar dale ge. is ghatana ne rajanitik roop grahan kar liya.
british sarakar ki vittiy niti
l aaurd elagin dvitiy ke zamane mean hi yah tathy bhi nagn roop mean samane aya ki, bharat sarakar ki vittiy niti kis prakar aangrez udyogapatiyoan ke labh ke lie chalayi jati hai. 1895 ee. mean bajat mean sanbhavy ghate ko rokane ke lie sabhi prakar ke ayat par 5 pratishat shulk lagaya gaya. keval lankashayar se bharat ane vale kap de par yah shulk nahian lagaya gaya. is pakshatapoorn niti ka bharatiyoan dvara kathor virodh kiya gaya. phal yah hua ki agale bajat mean lankashayar se ayatit kap de par bhi shulk lagane ka nishchay kiya gaya, lekin isake sath hi bharat mean bane kap de par bhi utpadan shulk laga diya gaya. isase yah spasht ho gaya ki british sarakar bharat ke kap da udyog ke vikas ko pasand nahian karati hai.
elagin ki niti
l aaurd elagin dvitiy ne 1895 ee. mean gilagit ke pashchim aur hindookush parvat ke dakshin mean sthit chitral riyasat mean uttaradhikari ke prashn par anavashyak riti se hastakshep kiya, jisake phalasvaroop use pashchimottar pradesh mean lamba aur kharchila yuddh chalana p da. is yuddh mean british bharatiy sashastr sena ki vijay avashy huee aur bharat-afagan sima se lekar chitral tak sainik yatayat ke lie s dak ka nirman kar diya gaya. lekin chitral ke antarik mamale mean aangrez sarakar ke hastakshep se asapas ke mohammad aur afaridi qabiloan mean rosh phail gaya aur unhoanne 1897 ee. mean aangrezoan ke viruddh vidroh kar diya. l aaurd elagin dvitiy ko us vidroh ka daman karane ke lie sangharsh karana p da aur aant mean 35 hazar fauj laga deni p di, tab kahian jakar ve qaboo mean ae. 1857 ee. ke bharatiy svadhinata sangram ke pashchath aangrezoan ke lie yah sabase kathin sangharsh siddh hua.
sainik sudhar
l aaurd elagin dvitiy ke karyakal mean ek mahattvapoorn sainik sudhar hua. samast bharatiy sena ke lie ek pradhan senapati niyukt kiya gaya aur usake adhin bangal, madras, banbee tatha panjab evan pashchimottar prant mean tainat palatanoan ko sambhalane ke lie char lephtineant janaral niyukt kiye gaye. l aaurd elagin dvitiy ke karyakal mean keval yahi ek mahattv ka sudhar hua.
|
|
|
|
|
|