विदेश दूरसंचार सेवा -के.सी. कटियार
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- lekhak- ke.si. katiyar
disambar, 1981 mean sanchar mantri shri si.em. stifan ne hind mahasagar rashtramandaliy (aee. o. kam.) aant:samudri kebal aur videsh sanchar bhavan, madras ka udhghatan kiya. videsh sanchar seva dvara janata ko pradan ki jane vali aantarrashtriy doorasanchar sevaoan ke adhunikikaran aur suraksha itihas mean ek mahattvapoorn ghatana hai. hind mahasagar rashtramandaliy aant:samudri kebal bharat mean chau di patti vala pratham aant:samudri kebal hai aur videsh sanchar bhavan, madras aantarrashtriy pareshan abhigrahan (getave) doorasanchar suvidhaoan ka aisa tisara samooh hai, isake pahale ke banbee aur dilli mean haian.
1971 mean pune ke nikat arvi mean videsh sanchar seva dvara sthapit pratham upagrah bhoo-keandr ke pashchath aur 1976 mean deharadoon mean apana dvitiy upagrah bhoo-keandr chaloo ho jane se vyavaharat: duniya ke un sabhi deshoan se hamara sidha sanpark sthapit ho gaya hai, jinake sath ajakal paryapt matra mean hamara pariyat sanchar hota hai. 31.07.82 ko videsh sanchar seva ke bahy doorasanchar jal mean 499 sidhe doorabhash paripath, 763 sidhe teleks paripath aur 48 sidhe tar paripath the. 99 pratishat se adhik videsh telifon aur teleks sanchar upagrah aur aant:samudri kebal ke madhyam se nipatae ja rahe haian, jisase rat aur din vishvasaniy seva prapt hoti hai.
videsh sanchar seva desh ke vibhinn kshetroan ke madhy mean sthit banbee, nee dilli, kalakatta aur madras ke apane aantarrashtriy keandroan se parichalan ka kam karati hai. in keandroan se hi aantarrashtriy paripathoan ko seva ki gunata aur upalabdhata mean parinami sudhar ke sath prayoktaoan ke aur nikat le jaya jata hai. siddhaantat: doorasanchar pariyat bharat mean kisi bhi sthan se prayoktaoan ka aantarrashtriy doorasanchar pariyat dak-tar vibhag ke rashtravyapi jal ki marphat videsh sanchar seva ke nikatatam getave keandr par pahuanchata hai. vahaan se vah videsh sanchar seva ke vishvavyapi jal mean pravesh karata hai aur aant mean vaanchhit patrakar ke rashtriy jal mean.
janata ko sarvottam sanbhav seva pradan karane ke lie aur is kshetr mean ho rahe vikas ko dhyan mean rakhate hue, videsh sanchar seva samay samay par adhunik praudyogikiyoan ka prayog karati hai. udaharan ke lie, arvi mean hamare upagrah bhoo-keandr ko aantarrashtriy kshetr mean aise keandroan ke pradurbhav ke ek varsh ke bhitar hi chaloo kiya gaya. usi tarah sangrahit karyakram niyantrit (es. pi. si.) kism ki poornat: ilaiktraniy taileks vipathan (svichiang) pranali lagabhag 5 varsh pahale banbee getave keandr par aisi pratham pranali ki sthapana ke sath shuroo ki gee.
is varsh pharavari se uttarottar seva ke lie banbee, nee dilli aur madras sthit videsh sanchar seva ke getave telifon keandroan ke chaloo ho jane se bharat mean adhunik es. pi. si. kism ki getave telifon svichan pranaliyaan bhi seva ke lie upalabdh ho gee hai. inase maujooda videsh sanchar seva suvidhaoan mean vriddhi ho rahi hai aur janata ko upalabdh aantarrashtriy telifon seva mean kafi sudhar ho raha hai.
es. pi. si. kism ki ilaiktraniy sandesh punapreshan pranaliyaan shuroo karake aantarrashtriy tar seva ko bhi adhunik banaya ja raha hai. aisi ek pranali banbee mean pahale se hi karyarat hai, nee dilli ke lie saman pranali ki vyavastha ki gee hai aur madras mean is pranali ke lie kam ho raha hai. es. pi. si. pranaliyoan se tar seva ke star mean sudhar hone ke atirikt usaki gati bhi tej ho jati hai.
hal hi mean hamari pradhanamantri ne bharat aur soviyat samajavadi ganatantr sangh ke bich troposketar pranali ka udaghatan kiya, jisase videsh sanchar seva prachalanoan mean ek aur nayi takanik ka samavesh ho gaya. is sanpark se, jisamean vivartan-dvay (dabal difrekshan) pranali kam karati hai, bharat aur soviyat samajavadi ganatantr sangh ke bich sidhi chaubis ghante doorasanchar sevaoan ke lie vibhinn madhyam prapt hote haian.
aee. o. kam. kebal se vishv ke kee deshoan ke sath bharat ki bahy doorasanchar sevaoan mean abhi ek aur vibhinnata sulabh hogi aur upagrah sanchar tantr mean akasmik badhaoan ke dauran yah vaikalpik marg ke roop mean kam karega tatha is tarah bharat ki videsh sanchar sevaoan ki nirantarata aur suraksha bani rahegi. aee. o. kam. ke pashchath svabhavik vistar kram mean sarakar banbee se kha di kshetroan tak ke lie chau di patti vale aant:samudri telifon kebal ki yojana ki or agrasar hai. isake dvara pahale se hi vidyaman upagrah suvidhaoan ke sath is marg par pariyat ki saghanata se nipata ja sakata hai. vibhinn prakar ki maangoan ko poora karane ke lie madras aur banbee ke bich aantarrashtriy star ki bharat-par sookshm tarang k di donoan aant:samudri kebaloan ko jo degi.
samudri samuday ko uchch star aur vishvasaniy upagrah sanchar suvidhaean pradan karane ke lie bharat 'inamarasait' nam ke aantarrashtriy sanghatan mean shamil ho gaya hai, jis par videsh sanchar seva ko abhihit sadasy ke roop mean manonit kiya gaya hai. bharat mean 'inamarasait' samudr tatiy bhoo-keandr banbee ke pas sthapit kiya jane vala hai. is ke 1984 tak seva ke lie upalabdh ho jane ki asha hai.
1971 se vishvasaniy aantarrashtriy sanchar pranali ke upalabdh ho jane ke karan 1970-71 ki pariyat matraoan ki tulana mean 1974-75 mean aantarrashtriy telifon pariyat 8 gune aur teleks pariyat 3 gune badh ge the. 1980-81 ke tatsanbandhi aank de kramash: lagabhag 14 gune aur 16 gune haian.
3 sarvajanik sevaoan namat: telifon, teleks aur tar ke atirikt videsh sanchar seva pres prasaran, karyakram, pareshan, vayasakast, rediyo foto, aantarrashtriy dooradarshan rile, patte par diye hue niji dooramudrak paripath, aank da sevaean adi jaisi any sevaean bhi pradan karati hai. es. pi. si. taip getave teleks keandroan ke jarie grahak parichalit aantarrashtriy teleks seva philahal lagabhag 80 se bhi adhik deshoan ko upalabdh hai. in deshoan ki sankhya mean uttarottar vriddhi ho rahi hai. bharatiy prayoktaoan ke lie kee vishisht sevaean bhi shuroo ki gee haian, jaise kal (Call) ki avadhi ki svat: soochana, lain ka sanbandh to de bina doosare kaloan ko rakhana, vistrit biliang adi.
es. pi. si. taip ki getave telifon svichan pranaliyoan ke chaloo ho jane se aantarrashtriy grahak parichalit (aee. es. di.) telifon seva ka, jo ki is samay keval banbee, kalakatta, nee dilli aur madras mean sanyuktaangal rajy (yoonaited kiangadam) ko upalabdh hai, dhire dhire vishv ke aur bahut se deshoan tak vistar kiya jaega. is bich sangrah aur preshan teleks seva, uchch gati byoorofaiks seva aur aank da adhar seva bhi vibhinn pragati charanoan mean hai.
kary sanchalan mean drut pratyuttar sapeksh vishvavyapi sahayog ke kshetr mean aantarrashtriy doorasanchar ek jatil abhyas hai. kisi bhi desh vishesh mean aantarrashtriy getave pranaliyoan ko ek or to apane rashtriy doorasancharoan ke lie prayukt pranaliyoan ke anivary roop se anuroop hona p data hai, jisake sath sidhe prachalan sthapit kiye jane haian. isalie getave pranaliyaan, am taur par akar mean chhoti parantu bahut jatil hoti haian. doosare deshoan mean ho rahe vikasoan ke bare mean soochanaean ikatthi aur lagatar samayik karani p dati haian. poorv taiyariyoan ke bavajood kisi naye desh ke sath seva shuroo karane ke pahale sakriy paripathoan ki vistrit jaanch ki jati hai. bahudha in vistrit jaanchoan ke parinam svaroop pranaliyoan mean aparivartan karane ki zaroorat p d jati hai.
chau di patti vali aantarrashtriy pareshan pranaliyaan samanyataya sanyukt upakram hoti hai. 'inatelasait' upagrah pranali, jisaki marphat aj kal aantarrashtriy doorasancharoan ka mahattvapoorn bhag sulabh karaya jata hai, sansar ke adhikaansh deshoan ke dvara upagrah suvidhaoan ke unake prayog ke anupat mean pooanji bhag grahan se sthapit ki gee hai. bhoo-keandr ki vyavastha sanbandhit deshoan ko karani p dati hai. aant:samudri kebaloan ke lie do deshoan ke bich sahakari prayas ki apeksha hoti hai, tathapi bahudha isamean adhik desh aantarnihit hote haian.
jab 'k' desh se 'kh' desh ko kal kiya jata hai, tab pahala doosare ko usake getave aur rashtriy suvidhaoan ka prayog karane ke lie bhugatan karata hai. is prabhar ke lie seva pradan ki jane se pahale hi samajhauta kar liya jata hai. yadi kal marg mean 'g' desh se hokar gujarata hai to 'g' dvara apekshit bhugatan ke lie bhi samajhauta kar lena p data hai. bhagyavash aantarrashtriy door sancharak doorabhash aur teleks ke jarie ek doosare se paramarsh karane aur vibhinn prakar ke samajhaute karane mean samarth haian. aupacharik samajhaute apavad haian.
varsh mean ek bar paanch varshoan ki avadhi ke lie suvidhaoan ke paraspar sammat poorvanuman ko deshoan ke bich vinimayit kiya jata hai. isi se pratyek desh mean getave aur pareshan pranali yojana ka adhar taiyar hota hai. samay samay par pariyat ke mapan kiye jate haian. in mapanoan ke sanketanusar desh vishesh ke sath paripathoan mean vriddhi ki jati hai. pariyat vikasi aur paripathoan ka nishpadan paraspar sahayog se vishleshit kiya jata hai aur jahaan avashyak ho, sudharak karravaee ki jati hai.
sahayog aur paramarsh ke uparyukt kuchh udaharan haian, jo aantarrashtriy doorasanchar sulabh karane ke lie avashyak hai aur jisamean videsh sanchar seva ne apekshit nipunata prapt kar li hai. samay samay par apani pranaliyoan mean vriddhi tatha adhunikata aur nayi nayi sevaoan ko chaloo karake videsh sanchar seva age badhane aur prayoktaoan ki avashyakataoan ki poorti karane ke lie nirantar prayas kar rahi hai.
tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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