विश्वनाथ काशीनाथ राजवाडे
vishvanath kashinath rajavade
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| poora nam | vishvanath kashinath rajavade |
| janm | 24 joon, 1863 |
| janm bhoomi | rayagadh, maharashtr |
| mrityu | 31 disambar, 1926 |
| mrityu sthan | pune, maharashtr |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| mukhy rachanaean | 'bharatiy vivah sansthecha itihas' |
| bhasha | marathi |
| vidyalay | dekkan k aaulej |
| prasiddhi | itihasakar, lekhak, vidvan, shreshth vakta |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| any janakari | 1894 mean anuvad adharit 'bhashaantar' namak marathi patrika sampadit karane ke alava 1910 mean rajavade ne pune mean 'bharat itihas sanshodhak mandal' ki sthapana ki aur apane aitihasik srotoan, kritiyoan aur svayan ke aitihasik kayoan ko mandal ke supurd kar diya. |
| adyatan | 14:55, 19 aprॅl 2017 (IST)
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| inhean bhi dekhean | kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi |
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vishvanath kashinath rajavade (aangrezi: Vishwanath Kashinath Rajwade, janm- 24 joon, 1863, maharashtr; mrityu- 31 disambar, 1926) prasiddh bharatiy lekhak, itihasakar, shreshth vakta aur vidvan the. unhean 'itihasachary rajavade' ke nam se khyati prapt thi. sanskrit aur vyakaran ke bhi ve prakaand pandit the, jisaka praman unaki suprasiddh kritiyoan 'rajavade dhatukosh' tatha 'sanskrit bhashecha ulagada' adi mean dikhaee deta hai. vishvanath kashinath rajavade ne 'bharatiy vivah sanstha ka itihas' namak prasiddh granth ki rachana marathi bhasha mean ki thi. granth itihasachary rajavade ke vyapak adhyayan aur chintan ki ek anoothi upalabdhi hai.
janm tatha shiksha
vishvanath kashinath rajavade ka janm 24 joon, 1863 ko maharashtr ke rayagadh zile ke varasee gaanv mean hua tha. jab ve tin varsh ke the, unake pita ka dehaant ho gaya. age ka lalan-palan unake nanihal varasee mean hua. bad mean ve apane chacha ke pas pune ke nazadik vadagaanv mean a gaye. pune mean rajavade ka prathamik shikshan shanivar peth ki pathashala mean hua. baba gokhale ki pathashala, vishnukaant chipaloonakar ke nyoo skool aur phir bad mean mishan skool se unhoanne madhyamik ki shiksha poori ki. 1882 mean rajavade ne maitrikuleshan kiya. age ki shiksha ke lie b aaumbe ke elfianstan k aaulej mean dakhila liya, par dhanabhav ke karan ve adhyayan jari nahian rakh paye. bad mean pune mean pablik sarvis sekand gred pariksha mean baithane vale vidyarthiyoan ko padha kar unhoanne dhanoparjan kiya aur dekkan k aaulej mean age ki padhaee ke lie nam darj karaya. yadyapi k aaulej ke pathyakram mean lagi pathyapustakoan se rajavade kabhi santusht nahian hue, phir bhi ramkrishna gopal bhandarakar jaise vidvanoan ke sannidhy mean unhoanne kafi kuchh sikha. rajavade ne 1891 mean bie ki pariksha uttirn ki.
lekhan ki shuruat
prathamik shiksha se lekar k aaulej tak ki uchch shiksha se sanbandhit apane anubhav ko rajavade ne 'granthamala' masik patrika mean ‘kanishth, madhyam v uchch shalantit svanubhav’[1] shirshak nibandh dvara prastut kiya. is rachana mean unhoanne shiksha ke vyavasayik hitoan ko samajik uttaradayitvoan par variyata dene ki tatkalin parampara ki kathor alochana ki. 1894 mean anuvad adharit 'bhashaantar' namak marathi patrika sampadit karane ke alava 1910 mean unhoanne pune mean 'bharat itihas sanshodhak mandal' ki sthapana ki aur apane dvara ikatthe kiye gaye aitihasik srotoan, kritiyoan aur svayan dvara kiye gaye aitihasik kayoan ko mandal ke supurd kar diya.
itihas srot samagri ka sankalan
vishvanath kashinath rajavade ka manana tha ki graant daf sahit any aupaniveshik itihasakaroan dvara likhit bharat ka itihas vijetaoan dvara likhit vijit desh ka itihas hai.[[chitr:Vishwanath Kashinath Rajwade-1.jpg|thumb|200px|left|vishvanath kashinath rajavade par jari dak tikat]] isalie usamean saty ka abhav hai aur mahattvahin ghatanaoan ko badha-chadha kar dikhaya gaya hai. poorv-likhit itihas ki chhanabin ke pashchath rajavade is nishkarsh par pahuanche ki sachche itihas ko prakash mean laye bina rashtr mean svatv ki chetana ka n to nirman hi ho payega n hi vikas. isi bich apane ek vidyarthi kaka rav pandit ko mile kuchh srotoan ki janakari milane par rajavade un srotoan ko hastagat kiya aur do mah ke avishraant parishram dvara 1896 mean 'marathyaanchya itihasachi sadhane'[2] shirshak pustak ka pahala khand prakashit hua. panipat ke yuddh se sanbandhit 202 patr isi khand mean haian. itihas srot-samagri jutane ki isi riti ke sath rajavade ne dridh aur anathak prayasoan se poore maharashtr ka daura kiya. aitihasik drishti se mahattvapoorn sthanoan ke bar-bar nirikshan, vastushastriy adhyayan drishti aur puratattvik sakshyoan ki madad se rajavade ne maharashtr ke janajivan, vahaan ki bhasha, riti-rivazoan aur sahity ke manavashastriy aur samajashastriy drishti se adhyayan ke uparaant jo nishkarsh nikale, usake phalasvaroop marathoan ke itihas ki srot samagri ke baees khand prakashit hue. unaki mrityu ke samay arthath 1926 tak isase bhi zyada aprakashit sangrah rajavade ke pas ekatr ho chuka tha.
rajavade ne shahaji par likhe nibandh mean marathoan ke shakti-lop ko punarsthapit karane hetu 'dayalektis aauf difit' arthath har ke dvandv par charcha karate hue bataya ki uttam, sudaul tatha nishchit hathiyar banane ki kala ke vikas ke lie vaijnanik jnan ki jo poorv taiyari avashyak hoti hai, vah us samay maharashtr mean nahian thi. bhaktikalin kaviyoan par hamala bolate hue rajavade ne bataya ki jab[3] yoorop mean dekart, bekan adi vicharashil log, srishti mean rahane vale vividh padarthoan ki khoj karane valoan ko protsahit kar rahe the, usi samay apane yahaan ekanath, tukaram, dasopant, nipataniranjan adi sant-mahatma panch mahabhootoan ko nasht kar brahm sakshatkar ka marg dikhane ka prayas kar rahe the. inake ulat rajavade ne satrahavian sadi ke sant samarth guru ramadas ki tattv-mimaansa ka svagat kiya, jinaki kavitaoan mean maratha shakti ki punarsthapana ki akaanksha sametane vali rajanitik golabandi aur marathi rashtriyata ke punarutthan ki bhavanaean vyakt hoti thian.
hindoovad ke rakshak tatha alochak
vishvanath kashinath rajavade hiandoovad ke kaddavar rakshak hone ke sath-sath usake kattar alochak bhi the. hiandoovad ko ve samajik-arthik vyavastha manate the. shivaji jayanti ke avasar par 1911 mean lokamany tilak ke patr 'kesari' mean likhate hue unhoanne chaturvarny vyavastha ka samarthan kiya aur ise samajik sangathan ka uttam roop batalaya. sath hi unhoanne marathi samaj par yah arop bhi lagaya ki is vyavastha ka thik se palan n karana hi usake patan ka karan bana. hiandoovad athava brahmanavad ki a d mean rajavade ne hamesha marathi bhasha-bhashi logoan ke uttaradayitv aur kartavyoan ko samoohik roop se maharashtr dharm ke roop mean vyakt kiya aur usaki unnati ke lie us par zor diya.
bharatiy vivah sanstha ka itihas
san 1920-1923 ke dauran vishvanath kashinath rajavade ke 'bharatiy vivah paddhati' par likhe nibandh sankalit roop mean 'bharatiy vivah sansthecha itihas' (bharatiy vivah sanstha ka itihas) ke roop mean 1926 mean prakashit hue. isaka pahala adhyay ‘stri-purush samagam’ mean kee ati prachin ary prathaoan ka zikr tha. yah pahali bar 1923 ki mee mean pune ki 'chitramayajagat' patrika mean prakashit hua tha. isamean ved, sanhita, mahabharat aur harivanshapuran ke uddharanoan aur sakshyoan dvara yah kaha gaya tha ki atyant prachin ary samaj mean bhaee-bahan aur pita-putri ke bich sharirik sanbandh hote the. in nirbandh sharirik sanbandhoan ka age kis prakar vikas hua, yahi is nibandh ka vishay tha. is pustak ka doosara adhyay ‘striyoan ki vansh-pravartak shakti aur prajapati sanstha’ mean unhoanne yah dikhaya ki kaise ek balak ko doosare se alag pahachanane ke lie pita ki jagah matrikul ka nam diya gaya, kyoanki tab stri-purush sanbandh mile-jule hote the. sath hi rajavade isamean yah bhi dikhate haian ki prajapati sanstha se poorv vanshavataran striyoan ke adhin tha aur prajapati sanstha ke prachin ary samaj ke roop mean vikasit hone ke tin parinam nikale.
is granth ka tisara adhyay ‘atithy ki ek ary pratha’ mean pramanasvaroop mahabharat ke udyog parv ke paiantalisavean adhyay mean varnit ‘ishtan putran vibhavan svanshch daran’ arthath ‘sankatakal mean apani stri bhi apane mitr ko nirmal aantahkaran se arpit ki jae’ dvara rajavade ne yah bataya ki bharatiy aisa kabhi nahian manate the ki apane mitr ko sv-stri sambhogarth dene mean koee nitibhang hota hai. isaka samarthan panini ne 'dvigorluganapatye' (4-1- 88) sootr mean ‘dvayormitrayorapatyan dvaimitri’ arthath do mitroan ke apaty ya santati ko dvaimitri kah kar kiya hai. is sthiti mean pitritv donoan hi mitroan ko milata hai. is granth ke chauthe adhyay ‘agni aur yajn’ mean bharatiy vivah sanstha ke itihas aur parampara ka vistar se spashtikaran karane ke lie agni ka samajik itihas batate hue rajavade ne yajn ki prakriya, phal-shruti aur unase sambaddh dant kathaoan ka ullekh kiya hai. sath hi isamean unhoanne stri-purush ke samoohik roop se laiangik samagam mean ekanishth vivah paddhati ke aitihasik vikas ki prakriya darshayi hai. is granth mean kshepak roop mean bharatiy vivah sanstha ke itihas vishay par rajavade dvara likhit tippaniyaan ‘lagnasanstha ’ shirshak ke aantargat sammilit ki gayian.
mrityu
mahan anveshak, vaiyakaran, manavashastri aur itihasakar vishvanath kashinath rajavade ka 31 disambar 1926 ko pune mean dehaant hua. 1926 mean unaki asamayik mrityu ke pashchath dhule-sthit rajavade sanshodhak mandal ki sthapana huee aur unake kary aur srot samagriyaan vahian rakhi gayian. aj bhi ye donoan sansthan apane yogadan se bharatiy itihas aur sanskriti ko samriddh karane mean lage hue haian. unake samman mean bharatiy itihas kaangres ne 'vishvanath kashinath rajavade avard' ki sanstuti ki, jo bharatiy itihas ke kshetr mean jivan-paryant yogadan ke lie diya jata hai.
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sanbandhit lekh
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