विश्वनाथ ज्योतिर्लिंग
[[chitr:Kashi-Vishwanath.jpg|vishvanath mandir, varanasi|thumb]] shri vishveshvar jyotirliang uttar pradesh ke varanasi janapad ke kashi nagar mean avasthit hai. kahate haian, kashi tinoan lokoan mean nyari nagari hai, jo bhagavan shiv ke trishool par virajati hai. ise anandavan, anandakanan, avimukt kshetr tatha kashi adi anek namoan se smaran kiya gaya hai. kashi sakshat sarvatirthamayi, sarvasantapaharini tatha muktidayini nagari hai. nirakar maheshvar hi yahaan bholanath shri vishvanath ke roop mean sakshat avasthit haian. is kashi kshetr mean sthit
- shri dashashvamedh
- shri lolark
- shri bindumadhav
- shri keshav aur
- shri manikarnik
ye paanch pramukh tirth haian, jinake karan ise ‘avimukt kshetr’ kaha jata hai. kashi ke uttar mean oankarakhand, dakshin mean kedarakhand aur madhy mean vishveshvarakhand mean hi baba vishvanath ka prasiddh hai. aisa suna jata hai ki mandir ki pun: sthapana adi jagat guru shankarachary ji ne apane hathoan se ki thi. shri vishvanath mandir ko mugal badashah aurangazeb ne nasht karake us sthan par masjid banava di thi, jo aj bhi vidyaman hai. is masjid ke parisar ko hi 'jnanavani' kaha jata hai. prachin shivaliang aj bhi 'jnanavapi' kaha jata hai. age chalakar bhagavan shiv ki param bhakt maharani ahalyabaee ne jnanavapi se kuchh hatakar shri vishvanath ke ek sundar mandir ka nirman karaya tha. maharaja ranajit sianh ji ne is mandir par svarn kalash (sone ka shikhar) chadhavaya tha. kashi mean anek vishisht tirth haian, jinake vishay mean likha hai–
vishveshan madhavan dhundhian dandapanian ch bhairavamh.
vande kashian guhaan ganga bhavanian manikarnikamh..
arthat ‘vishveshvar jyotirliang bindumadhav, dhundhiraj ganesh, dandapani kalabhairav, guha ganga (uttaravahini ganga), mata annapoorna tatha manikarnik adi mukhy tirth haian.
kashi kshetr mean marane vale kisi bhi prani ko nishchit hi mukti prapt hoti hai. jab koee mar raha hota hai, us samay bhagavan shri vishvanath usake kanoan mean tarak mantr ka upadesh karate haian, jisase vah avagaman ke chakkar se chhoot jata hai, arthat is sansar se mukt ho jata hai.
kashi nagari ki utpatti
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kashi nagari ki utpatti tatha usaki bhagavan shiv ki priyatama banane ki katha skand puran ke kashi khand mean varnit hai. kashi utpatti ke vishay mean agasty ji ne shriskand se poochha tha, jisaka uttar dete hue shri skand ne unhean bataya ki is prashn ka uttar hamare pita mahadev ji ne mata parvati ji ko diya tha. unhoanne kaha tha ki ‘mahapralay ke samay jagat ke sampoorn prani nasht ho chuke the, sarvatr ghor andhakar chhaya hua tha. us samay 'sath' svaroop brahm ke atirikt soory, nakshatr, grah,tare adi kuchh bhi nahian the. keval ek brahm ka astittv tha, jise shastroan mean ‘ekamevadvitiyamh’ kaha gaya hai. ‘brahm’ ka na to koee nam hai aur n roop, isalie vah man, vani adi indriyoan ka vishay nahian banata hai. vah to saty hai, jnanamay hai, anant hai, anandasvaroop aur param prakashaman hai. vah nirvikar, nirakar, nirgun, nirvikalp tatha sarvavyapi, maya se pare tatha upadrav se rahit paramatma kalp ke ant mean akela hi tha. [[chitr:Kashi-Vishwanath-1.jpg|thumb|250px|left|vishvanath mandir, varanasi]] kalp ke adi mean us paramatma ke man mean aisa sankalp utha ki ‘maian ek se do ho jaooan’. yadyapi vah nirakar hai, kintu apani lila shakti ka vistar karane ke uddeshy se usane sakar roop dharan kar liya. parameshvar ke sankalp se prakat huee vah aishvary gunoan se bharapoor, sarvajnanamayi, sarvasvaroop dvitiy moorti sabake lie vandaniy thi. mahadev ne parvati ji se kaha– ‘priye! nirakar parabrahm ki vah dvitiy moorti maian hi hooan.
sabhi shastr aur vidvan mujhe hi ‘eeshvar ’ kahate haian. sakar roop mean prakat hone par bhi maian akela hi apani ichchha ke anusar vicharan karata hooan. maianne hi apane sharir se kabhi alag n hone vali 'tum' prakriti ko prakat kiya hai. tum hi gunavati maya aur pradhan prakriti ho. tum prakriti ko hi buddhi tattv ko janm dene vali tatha vikar rahit kaha jata hai. kal svaroop adi purush maianne hi ek sath tum shakti ko aur is kashi kshetr ko prakat kiya hai.’
prakriti aur eeshvar
is prakar us shakti ko hi prakriti aur eeshvar ko param purush kaha gaya hai. ve donoan shakti aur param purush paramanandamay svaroop mean hokar kashi kshetr mean raman karane lage. paanch kos ke kshetraphal vale kashi kshetr ko shiv aur parvati ne pralayakal mean bhi kabhi tyag nahian kiya hai. isi karan us kshetr ko ‘avimukt’ kshetr kaha gaya hai. jis samay is bhoomandal ki, jal ki tatha any prakritik padarthoan ki satta (astittv) nahian rah jati hai, us samay mean apane vihar ke lie bhagavan jagadishvar shiv ne is kashi kshetr ka nirman kiya tha. skand (kartikey) ne agasty ji ko bataya ki yah kashi kshetr bhagavan shiv ke anand ka karan hai, isilie pahale unhoanne isaka nam ‘anandavan’ rakha tha.
kashi kshetr ke rahasy ko thik-thik koee nahian jan pata hai. unhoanne kaha ki us anandakanan mean jo yatr-tatr (idhar-udhar) sampoorn shivaliang haian, unhean aisa samajhana chahie ki ve sabhi liang anandakand roopi bijo se aankurit (uge) hue haian.
purushottam
[[chitr:Vishwanath-Temple-Varanasi.jpg|vishvanath mandir, varanasi|thumb]] usake bad bhagavan shiv ne maan jagadamba ke sath apane bayean aang mean amrit barasane vali apani drishti dali. us drishti se atyant tejasvi tino lokoan mean atishay sundar ek purush prakat hua. vah atyant shant, sato gun se paripoorn tatha sagar se bhi adhik gambhir aur prithvi ke saman shyamal tha tatha usake b de-b de netr kamal ke saman sundar the. atyant kamaniy aur ramaniy hote hue bhi prachand bahuoan se sushobhit vah purush survan rang ke do pitambaroan se apane sharir ko dhanke hue tha. usake nabhi kamal se bahut hi manamohak sugandh charoan or phail rahi thi. dekhane mean vah akele hi sampoorn gunoan ki khan tatha samast kalaoan ka khazana pratit hota tha. vah ekaki hi jagat ke sabhi purushoan mean uttam tha, isalie use ‘purushottam’ kaha gaya.
sab gunoan se vibhooshit us mahanh purush ko dekhakar mahadev ji ne usase kaha– ‘achyut! tum mahavishnu ho. tumhare ni:shvas (saans) se ved prakat hoange, jinake dvara tumhean sab kuchh jnan ho jaega arthat tum sarvajn ban jaoge.’ is prakar mahavishnu ko kahane ke bad bhagavan shankar (parvati) ke sath vicharan karane hetu anandavan mean pravesh kar gaye.
purushottam bhagavan vishnu jab dhyan mean baithe, to unaka man tapasya mean lag gaya. unhoanne apane chakr se ek sundar pushkarini (sarovar) khodakar use apane sharir ke pasine se bhar diya. usake bad us sarovar ke kinare unhoanne kathin tapasya ki, jisase prasann hokar parvati ke sath bhagavan shiv vahaan prakat ho gaye. unhoanne mahavishnu se var maangane ke lie kaha, to vishnu ne bhavani sahit hamesha unake darshan ki ichchha vyakt ki. bhagavan shiv sada darshan dene ke vachan ko svikar karate hue bole ki meri manimay karnika[1]yahaan gir p di hai, isalie yah sthan 'manikarnika tirth' ke nam se nivedan kiya ki chooanki muktamay (manimay) kundal yahaan gira hai, isalie yah mukti ka pradhan kshetr mana jaye arthat akathaniy jyoti prakashit hoti rahe. in karanoan se isaka doosara nam ‘kashi’ bhi svikar ho. vishnu ne age nivedan kiya ki brahma se lekar kit-patang jitane bhi prakar ke jiv haian, un sabake kashi kshetr mean marane par moksh ki prapti avashy ho. us manikarnika tirth mean snan, sandhya, jap, havan, poojan, vedadhyayan, tarpan, pind dan, dashamahadan, kanyadan, anek prakar ke yajnoan, vratodyapan[2] vrishotsarg tatha shivaliang sthapana adi shubh karmoan ka phal moksh ke roop mean prapt hove. jagat mean jitane bhi kshetr haian, unamean sarvadhik sundar aur shubhakari ho tatha is kashi ka nam lene vale bhi pap se mukt ho jayean.’
mahavishnu ki batoan ko svikar karate hue shiv ne unhean adesh diya ki ‘ap vividh prakar ki yathayogy srishti karo aur unamean jo kumarg par chalane vale dushtatma haian, unake sanhar mean bhi karan bano. paanch kos ke kshetraphal mean phaila yah kashidham mujhe atishay priy hai. maian yahaan sada nivas karata hooan, isalie is kshetr mean sirf meri hi ajna chalati hai, yamaraj adi kisi any ki nahian. is 'avimukt' kshetr mean rahane vala papi ho athava dharmatma un sabaka shasak akela maian hi hooan. kashi se door rahakar bhi jo manushy manasik roop se is kshetr ka smaran karata hai, use pap sparsh nahian karata hai aur vah kashi kshetr mean pahuanch kar usake puny ke prabhav se mukti ko prapt kar leta hai. jo koee sanyamapoorvak kashi mean bahut dinoan tak nivas karata hai, kintu sanyogavash usaki mrityu kashi se bahar ho jati hai, to vah bhi svargiy sukh ko prapt karata hai aur ant mean pun: kashi mean janm lekar moksh pad ko prapt karata hai.
sarvavyapi shiv
jo manushy shri kashi vishvanath ki prasannata ke lie is kshetr mean dan deta hai, vah dharmatma bhi apane jivan ko dhany bana leta hai. panchakroshi (paanch kos ki) avimukt kshetr vishvanath ke nam se prasiddh ek jyotirliang ka svaroop hi janana aur manana chahie. bhagavan vishvanath kashi mean sthit hote hue bhi sarvavyapi hone ke karan soory ki tarah sarvatr upasthit rahate haian. jo koee us kshetr ki mahima se anajan hai athava usamean shraddha nahian hai, phir bhi vah jab kashikshetr mean pravesh karata hai ya usaki mrityu ho jati hai, to vah nishpap hokar moksh ko prapt kar leta hai. yadi koee manushy kashi mean rahate hue papakarm karata hai, to marane ke bad vah pahale 'rudr pishach' banata hai, 'usake bad usaki mukti hoti hai’
skand puran ke anusar
skand puran ke is akhyan se spasht hota hai ki shri vishveshvar jyotirliang kisi manushy ki pooja, tapasya adi se prakat nahian hua, balki yahaan nirakar parabrahm parameshvar maheshvar hi shiv banakar vishvanath ke roop mean sakshat prakat hue. unhoanne doosari bar mahavishnu ki tapasya ke phalasvaroop prakriti aur purush (shakti aur shiv) ke roop mean upasthit hokar adesh diya. mahavishnu ke agrah par hi bhagavan shiv ne kashi kshetr ko avimukt kar diya. unaki lilaoan par dhyan dene se kashi ke sath unaki atishay priyashilata spasht maloom hoti hai. is prakar dvadash jyotirliang mean shri vishveshvar bhagavan vishvanath ka shivaliang sarvadhik prabhavashali tatha adbhut shaktisampann lagata hai. maan annapoorna (parvati) ke sath bhagavan shiv apane trishool par kashi ko dharan karate haian aur kalp ke prarambh mean arthat srishti rachana ke prarambh mean use trishool se pun: bhootal par utar dete haian. [[chitr:Kashi-Vishwanath-3.jpg|thumb|250px|left|vishvanath mandir, varanasi]] shiv mahapuran mean shri vishveshvar jyotirliang ki mahima kuchh is prakar batayi gee hai– 'parameshvar shiv ne maan parvati ke poochhane par svayan apane muanh se shri vishveshvar jyotirliang ki mahima kahi thi. unhoanne kaha ki varanasi puri hamesha ke lie guhyatam arthat atyant rahasyatmak hai tatha sabhi prakar ke jivoan ki mukti ka karan hai. is pavitr kshetr mean siddhagan shiv-aradhana ka vrat lekar anek svaroop banakar sanyamapoorvak mere lok ki prapti hetu mahayog ka nam 'pashupat yog' hai. pashupatayog bhukti aur mukti donoan prakar ka phal pradan karata hai.
bhagavan shiv ne kaha ki mujhe kashi puri mean rahana sabase achchha lagata hai, isalie maian sab kuchh chho dakar isi puri mean nivas karata hooan. jo koee bhi mera bhakt hai aur jo koee mere shivatattv ka jnani hai, aise donoan prakar ke log mokshapad ke bhagi banate haian, arthat unhean mukti avashy prapt hoti hai. is prakar ke logoan ko n to tirth ki apeksha rahati hai aur n vihit avihit karmoan ka pratibandh. isaka tatpary yah hai ki ukt donoan prakar ke logoan ko jivanmukt manana chahie. ve jahaan bhi marate haian, unhean tatkal mukti prapt hoti hai. bhagavan shiv ne maan parvati ko bataya ki balak, vriddh ya javan ho, vah kisi bhi varn, jati ya ashram ka ho, yadi avimukt kshetr mean mrityu hoti hai, to use avashy hi mukti mil jati hai. stri yadi apavitr ho ya pavitr ho, vah kumari ho, vivahita ho, vidhava ho, bandhya, rajasvala, prasoota ho athava usamean sanskarahinata ho, chahe vah kisi bhi sthiti mean ho, yadi usaki mrityu kashi kshetr mean hoti hai, to vah avashy hi moksh ki bhagidar banati hai.
shiv puran ke anusar
shiv mahapuran ke anusar is prithvi par jo kuchh bhi dikhaee deta hai, vah sachchidanandasvaroop, nirgun, nirvikar tatha sanatan brahmasvaroop hi hai. apane kaivaly (akela) bhav mean raman karane vale advitiy paramatma mean jab ek se do banane ki ichchha huee, to vahi sagunaroop mean ‘shiv’ kahalane laga. shiv hi purush aur stri, in do hissoan mean prakat hue aur us purush bhag ko shiv tatha stribhag ko ‘shakti’ kaha gaya. unhian sachchidanandasvaroop shiv aur shakti ne adrishy rahate hue svabhavavash prakriti aur purusharoopi chetan ki srishti ki. prakriti aur purush srishtikartta apane mata-pita ko n dekhate hue sanshay mean p d gaye. us samay unhean nirgun brahm ki akashavani sunaee p di– ‘tum donoan ko tapasya karani chahie, jisase ki bad mean uttam srishti ka vistar hoga.’ usake bad bhagavan shiv ne tap:sthali ke roop mean tejomay paanch kos ke shubh aur sundar ek nagar ka nirman kiya, jo unaka hi sakshat roop tha. usake bad unhoanne us nagar ko prakriti aur purush ke pas bheja, jo unake samip pahuanch kar akash mean hi sthit ho gaya. tab us purush (shri hari) ne us nagar mean bhagavan shiv ka dhyan karate hue srishti ki kamana se varshoan tapasya ki. tapasya mean shram hone ke karan shri hari (purush) ke sharir se shvetajal ki anek dharaean phoot p dian, jinase sampoorn akash bhar gaya. vahaan usake atirakit kuchh bhi dikhaee nahian deta tha. usake bad bhagavan vishnu (shri hari) man hi man vichar karane lage ki yah kaisi vichitr vastu dikhaee deti hai. us ashcharyamay drishy ko dekhate hue jab unhoanne apana sir hilaya, to unake ek kan se mani khisakakar gir p di. mani ke girane se vah sthan ‘manikarnika-tirth’ ke nam se prasiddh ho gaya.
us mahanh jalarashi mean jab panchakroshi doobane lagi, tab nirgun nirvikar bhagavan shiv ne use shighr hi apane trishool par dharan kar liya. tadanantar vishnu (shrihari) apani patni (prakriti) ke sath vahian so gaye. unaki nabhi se ek kamal prakat hua, jisase brahma ji ki utpatti huee. kamal se brahma ji ki utpatti mean bhi nirakar shiv ka nirdesh hi karan tha. usake bad brahma ji ne shiv ke adesh se vilakshan srishti ki rachana prarambh kar di. brahma ji ne brahmand ka vistar (vibhajan) chaudah bhuvanoan mean kiya, jabaki brahmand ka kshetraphal pachas karo d yojan bataya gaya hai. bhagavan shiv ne vichar kiya ki brahmand ke antargat karmapash (karbandhan) mean phanse prani mujhe kaise prapt ho sakeange? us prakar vichar karate hue unhoanne panchakroshi ko apane trishool se utar kar is jagat mean chho d diya. [[chitr:Vishwanath-Temple-Varanasi-3.jpg|thumb|220px|vishvanath mandir, varanasi]] kashi mean svayan parameshvar ne hi avimukt liang ki sthapana ki thi, isalie unhoanne apane aanshabhoot har (shiv) ko yah nirdesh diya ki tumhean us kshetr ka kabhi bhi tyag nahian karana chahie. yah panchakroshi lok ka kalyan karane vali, karmabandhanoan ko nasht karane vali, jnan prakash karane vali tatha praniyoan ke lie mokshadayini hai. yadyapi aisa bataya gaya hai ki brahma ji ka ek din poora ho jane par is jagath ka pralay ho jata hai, phir bhi avimukt kashi kshetr ka nash nahian hota hai, kyoanki use bhagavan parameshvar shiv apane trishool par utha lete haian. brahma ji jab nee srishti prarambh karate haian, us samay bhagavan shiv kashi ko pun: bhootal par sthapit kar dete haian. karmoan ka karshan (nasht) karane ke karan hi us kshetr ka nam ‘kashi’ hai, jahaan avimukteshvaraliang hamesha virajaman rahata hai. sansar mean jisako kahian gati nahian milati hai, use varanasi mean gati milati hai. mahapunyamayi panchakroshi karo doan hatyaoan ke dushphal ka vinash karane vali hai. bhagavan shankar ki yah priy nagari samanaroop se bhog or moksh ko pradan karati hai. kalagni rudr ke nam se vikhyat kailasapati shiv andar se satoguni tatha bahar se tamoguni kahalate haian. yadyapi ve nirgun haian, kintu jab sagun roop mean prakat hote haian, to ‘shiv’ kahalate haian. rudr ne pun: pun: pranam karake nirgun shiv se kaha– ‘vishvanath’ maheshvar! nissandeh maian apaka hi hooan. mujh atmaj (putr) par ap kripa kijie. maian apase prarthana karata hooan, ap lokakalyan ki kamana se jivoan ka uddhar karane ke lie yahian virajaman hoan.’ isi prakar svayan avimukt kshetr ne bhi shankar ji se prarthana ki hai. usane kaha– ‘devadhidev’ mahadev vastav mean ap hi tinoan lokoan ke svami haian aur brahma tatha vishnu adi ke dvara poojaniy haian. ap kashipuri ko apani rajadhani ke roop mean svikar karean. maian yahaan sthir bhav se baitha hua sada apaka dhyan karata rahooanga. sadashiv! ap uma sahit yahaan sada virajaman rahean aur apane bhaktoan ka kary siddh karate hue samast jivoan ke sansar sagar se par karean. is prakar bhagavan shiv apane ganoan sahit kashi mean virajaman ho gaye. tabhi se kashi puri sarvashreshth ho gee. ukt ashay ko hi shiv puran mean is prakar kaha gaya hai–
devadev mahadev kalamayasubheshaj.
tvan trilokapati: satyan sevyo brahmachyutadibhi:..
kashyaan puryaan tvaya dev rajadhani pragrihyatamh.
maya dhyanataya stheyamachintyasukhahetave..
muktidata bhavanev kamadashch n chapar:.
tasmattvamupakaray tishthomasahit: sada..
jivanbhavashdherakhilastaray tvan sadashiv.
bhaktakaryyan kuroo har prarthayami pun: pun:..
ityevan prarthitasten vishvanathen shankar:.
lokanamupakararthan tasthau tatrapi sarvarath..[3]
parivahan vyavastha
uttar bharat mean avasthit shri vishveshvar jyotirliang ke darshan karane ke lie varanasi shahar mean ana hota hai. desh-videsh ke logoan ke lie yatayat-vyavastha achchhi hai. dharmik janata apani suvidha ke anusar rel, bas, havaee jahaj, taiksi adi se manachahi yatra kar sakati hai.
dharmik bhavanayean
[[chitr:Kashi-Vishwanath-2.jpg|thumb|250px|vishvanath mandir, varanasi]] jo varshoan se kashi nagari mean nivas kar raha ho aur usaki arthik sthiti daanvadol ho gee ho, phir bhi vah kashi chho dakar door nahian jana chahata hai. shastrakaroan ne likha hai ki jis sthan par mrityu mangaladayak, bhasm ka tripund (tilak) hi alankar hai, langoti hi jahaan reshami vastr ke saman hai, aisi kashi ka sevan kaun nahian karana chahega?
maranan mangalan yatr vibhootishch vibhooshanamh.
kaupinan yatr kausheyan sa kashi ken miyate..
aj bhi ganga ke kinare dashashvamedh-ghat par ek samany vyakti bhi yah kahate mil jata hai ki–
chana chabena gangajal, jo poorave karatar.
kashi kabhi n chho diyo, baba vishvanath darabar..
is prakar maan ganga ke kinare basi huee shri maan annapoorna sahit bholenath baba vishvanath ki nagari kashi ativ divy hai, mokshadayika hai aur tinoan lokoan se vilakshan hai. shri vishveshvar vishvanath ka yah jyotirliang sakshat bhagavan parameshvar maheshvar ka svaroop hai, yahaan bhagavan shiv sada virajaman rahate haian.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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