विषुव

vishuv (aangrezi: Equinox) varsh ka vah samay hai, jab soory vishuvat rekha par dopahar ke samay oordhvadhar hota hai. is samay donoan golarddhoan mean saman prakash evan oorja prapt hoti hai. prithvi par din tatha rat ki avadhi bhi saman ho jati hai. yah sthiti varsh mean do bar ati hai. 21 march tatha 23 sitambar isaki do pramukh tithiyaan haian.

vishuv ka shabdik arth hota hai- 'saman'. 'vishuv' shabd sanskrit se hai aur isaka arth din aur ratri ke saman hone se hai (dinaratryoah samyan vati va).
ikvin aauks shabd laitin bhasha ke shabd 'ekvas' (saman) aur 'n aauks' (ratri) se liya gaya hai.
kisi kshetr mean din aur rat ki lanbaee ko prabhavit karane vale kee doosare karak bhi hote haian. prithvi apani dhuri par 23½° jhuke hue soory ke chakkar lagati hai, is prakar varsh mean ek bar prithvi is sthiti mean hoti hai, jab vah soory ki or jhuki rahati hai v ek bar soory se doosari or jhuki rahati hai.
isi prakar varsh mean do bar aisi sthiti bhi ati hai, jab prithvi ka jhukav n soory ki or hi hota hai aur n hi soory se doosari or, balki bich mean hota hai. is sthiti ko vishuv ya ikvin aauks kaha jata hai. in donoan tithiyoan par din aur rat ki lanbaee lagabhag barabar hoti hai.
yadi do log bhoomadhy rekha se saman doori par kh de hoan to unhean din aur rat ki lanbaee barabar mahasoos hogi.
gregoriyan varsh ke aranbh hote samay (janavari mean) soory dakshini golardh mean hota hai aur vahaan se uttari golardh ko agrasar hota hai. varsh ke samapt hone (disambar) tak soory uttari golarddh se hokar punah dakshini golarddh pahuanch jata hai. is tarah se soory varsh mean do bar bhoomadhy rekha ke oopar se gujarata hai.
hindoo navavarsh evan bharatiy rashtriy kaileandar v vishv mean any kee navavarsh isi samay ke nikat hi aranbh hua karate haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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bhoogol shabdavali

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