वी. वी. गिरि
vi. vi. giri
| |
| poora nam | varahagiri veankat giri |
| janm | 10 agast, 1894 |
| janm bhoomi | beharamapur, o disha |
| mrityu | 23 joon, 1980 |
| mrityu sthan | madras |
| abhibhavak | pita- vi.vi. jogiah pantulu |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| prasiddhi | bharat ke chauthe rashtrapati |
| parti | kaangres |
| pad | rashtrapati, uparashtrapati, rajyapal (uttar pradesh, keral, karnatak) |
| shiksha | vidhi snatak |
| vidyalay | dablin yoonivarsiti |
| bhasha | telugu, aangrezi |
| puraskar-upadhi | bharat ratn |
| vishesh yogadan | 1916 mean bharat lautane ke bad vi. vi. giri 'shramik andolan' ka avashyak hissa ban ge the. unhoanne relave karmachariyoan ke hitoan ki raksha karane ke uddeshy se 'bangal-nagapur relave esosieshan' ki bhi sthapana ki thi. |
| sanbandhit lekh | rashtrapati, uparashtrapati, rajyapal, indira gaandhi |
| any janakari | 'dak vibhag' ne vi. vi. giri ke samman mean ek 25 paise ka naya dak tikat jari kiya tha. vi. vi. giri ne "audyogik sanbandh aur bharatiy udyogoan mean shramikoan ki samasyaean" jaisi kitabean bhi likhi thian. unamean lekhan kshamata bahut adhik aur uchch koti ki thi. |
varahagiri veankat giri (aangrezi: Varahagiri Venkata Giri, janm- 10 agast, 1894; mrityu- 23 joon, 1980) bharat ke chauthe rashtrapati the. 'bharat ratn' se sammanit vi. vi. giri bharat ke karyavahak rashtrapati (karyakal- 3 mee, 1969 – 20 julaee, 1969) ke atirikt uparashtrapati (karyakal- 13 mee, 1967 – 3 mee, 1969), uttar pradesh ke rajyapal (karyakal- 10 joon, 1956 – 30 joon, 1960), keral ke rajyapal (karyakal- 1 julaee, 1960 – 2 aprail, 1965) aur karnatak ke rajyapal (karyakal- 2 aprail, 1965 – 13 mee, 1967) bhi rahe.
jivan parichay
vi. vi. giri ke nam se vikhyat bharat ke chauthe rashtrapati 'varahagiri veankat giri' ka janm 10 agast, 1894 ko beharamapur, o disha mean hua tha. inaka sanbandh ek telugu bhashi brahman parivar se tha. vi. vi. giri ke pita vi. vi. jogiah pantulu, beharamapur ke ek lokapriy vakil aur sthaniy bar kauansil ke neta bhi the. vi. vi. giri ki praranbhik shiksha inake grihanagar beharamapur mean hi sanpann huee. isake bad yah 'dablin yoonivarsiti' mean qanoon ki padhaee karane ke lie ayaralaiand chale ge. vahaan vah di valera jaise prasiddh british vidrohi ke sanpark mean ane aur unase prabhavit hone ke bad ayaralaiand ki svatantrata ke lie chal rahe 'sin phin aandolan' se ju d ge. parinamasvaroop ayaralaiand se unhean nishkasit kar diya gaya. pratham vishv yuddh ke samay san 1916 mean vi. vi. giri vapas bharat laut ae. bharat lautane ke turant bad vah 'shramik andolan' se ju d ge. itana hi nahian relave karmachariyoan ke hitoan ki raksha karane ke uddeshy se unhoanne bangal-nagapur relave esosieshan ki bhi sthapana ki.[1]
rajanitik parichay
san 1916 mean bharat lautane ke bad vi. vi. giri shramik aur mazadooroan ke chal rahe aandolan ka hissa ban ge the. halaanki unaka rajanitik safar ayaralaiand mean padhaee ke dauran hi shuroo ho gaya tha, lekin 'bharatiy svatantrata sangram' ka hissa banakar vah poorn roop se svatantrata ke lie sakriy ho ge. vi. vi. giri 'akhil bharatiy relave karmachari sangh' aur 'akhil bharatiy vyapar sangh' (kaangres) ke adhyaksh bhi rahe. san 1934 mean vah impiriyal vidhanasabha ke bhi sadasy niyukt hue. san 1937 mean madras (vartaman chennee) ke am chunavoan mean vi. vi. giri ko k aaugres pratyashi ke roop mean bobali mean sthaniy raja ke viruddh utara gaya, jisamean unhean vijay prapt huee. san 1937 mean madras presideansi mean kaangres parti ke lie banae ge 'shram evan udyog mantralay' mean mantri niyukt kie ge. san 1942 mean jab kaangres ne is mantralay se istipha de diya, to vi. vi. giri bhi vapas shramikoan ke lie chal rahe aandolanoan mean laut ae.
aangrezoan ke khilaf chal rahe 'bharat chho do aandolan' mean sakriy bhoomika nibhane ke lie, aangrezoan dvara inhean jel bhej diya gaya. 1947 mean bharat ko svatantrata milane ke bad vah silon mean bharat ke uchchayukt niyukt kie ge. san 1952 mean vah pathapatanam sit se lokasabha ka chunav jit sansad pahuanche. san 1954 tak vah shramamantri ke taur par apani sevaean dete rahe. vi. vi. giri uttar pradesh, keral, maisoor mean rajyapal bhi niyukt kie ge the. vi. vi. giri san 1967 mean zakir husain ke kal mean bharat ke uparashtrapati bhi rah chuke the. isake alava jab zakir husain ke nidhan ke samay bharat ke rashtrapati ka pad khali rah gaya, to varahagiri veankatagiri ko karyavahak rashtrapati ka sthan diya gaya. san 1969 mean jab rashtrapati ke chunav ae to indira gaandhi ke samarthan se vi. vi. giri desh ke chauthe rashtrapati banae ge.[1]
rashtrapati pad
24 agast, 1969 ko vi. vi. giri ne bharat ke chauthe rashtrapati ke roop mean prat: nau baje pad aur gopaniyata ki shapath li. prasiddh itihasakar aur patrakar d aau. khushavant sianh ne inhean tab tak ke sare rashtrapatiyoan mean sarvadhik durbal rashtrapati kahakar ullekhit kiya hai. lekin yahaan rashtrapatiyoan ki tulana karana uchit nahian hoga. itana avashy tha ki kaangres ki aantarkalah ke karan giri ki nishtha pradhanamantri iandira gaandhi ke prati thi aur vahi unhoanne banaye bhi rakhi. unhoanne apane pahale sanbodhan mean iandira gaandhi ko apani putri ke roop mean sanbodhit kiya tha, jis par kee logoan ne apatti aur ashchary vyakt kiya tha. lekin vi. vi. giri ne yah bhali-bhaanti spasht kar diya tha ki sanvaidhanik paranparaean alag haian aur unaka nirvah karana bhi ek alag paksh hai. jabaki vyaktigat sanbandh aur maryadaean ek alag chij hai. iandira gaandhi ne vi. vi. giri ke nirvachan ke lie tab kaangresiyoan ko apani aantaratma ki avaj par vot karane ke lie kaha tha. vi. vi giri ko 50.2 pratishat vot mile the aur lagabhag nagany aantar se hi vah jit paye the. unake viruddh nilam sanjiva reddi chunav maidan mean the. yadi reddi jite gaye hote to iandira gaandhi aur vi. vi. giri ki takadir ki tasvir hi doosari ho sakati thi. isalie vastusthiti ko samajhakar giri iandira gaandhi ke prati abhari rahe to isamean galat to kuchh ho sakata hai, par niandaniy nahian. 24 agast, 1974 ko inhoanne rashtrapati pad chho da. usi din dak vibhag ne inake samman mean ek 25 paise ka naya dak tikat jari kiya tha. ve ek videshi shiksha prapt vidhivetta, saphal chhatr neta, ek atulaniy shramik neta, nirbhik svatantrata sainani, ek jel yatri, ek pramukh vakta, ek tyagi purush the, jisane kendriy mantri pad ko tyag diya tha, apane sidghaantoan par adig rahane vale ve naishthik purush the.[2]
rashtrapati chunav mean vivad
d aau. zakir husain ke nidhan ke karan 24 agast, 1969 mean varahagiri veankat giri bharat ke chauthe rashtrapati chune ge. inhoanne isase pahale 3 mee, 1969 se 20 julaee, 1969 tak karyavahak rashtrapati ke roop mean yah pad sanbhala. tatkalin pradhanamantri lalabahadur shastri ke akasmik nidhan ke bad us samay ke kaangres parti adhyaksh ke. kamaraj ne aham bhoomika nibhaee aur iandira gaandhi ko pradhanamantri pad tak pahuancha diya. iandira gaandhi ne shighr hi chunav jitane ke sath-sath janapriyata ke madhyam se virodhiyoan ke oopar havi hone ki yogyata darshayi. isi bich rashtrapati ke chunav a ge. iandira ne is pad ke lie pahale nilam sanjiv reddi ka nam sujhaya. par bad mean unhean laga ki reddi svatantr vichar ke vyakti haian aur unaki har bat nahian maneange, isalie nirdaliy ummidavar vi. vi. giri ka samarthan kar diya. iandira gaandhi ne apane dal ke saansadoan aur vidhayakoan yani matadataoan se apil kar di ki ve apani aantaratma ki avaz par vot dean. is saval par kaangres mean phoot p d gayi aur kuchh any daloan ki madad se iandira gaandhi ne giri ko jit dila di. mamala itana badha ki giri ke chunav ko chunauti dete hue yachika dayar kar di gayi.
mamale ki sunavaee
yachika mean mukhy arop yah laga ki rashtrapati ke chunav prachar ke dauran aise parache chhape aur vitarit kie ge, jo reddi ke charitr ko laanchhit karate the. vivadit dhang se chune jane ke bavajood giri ke samay tak rashtrapati vakee desh ke pahale nagarik hua karate the. is mamale ki sunavaee ke lie suprim kort ke nyayamoorti es.em. sikari ki adhyakshata mean paanch sadasyiy pith ka gathan kiya gaya. mukadama solah saptah tak chala. si.ke. daphtari giri ke vakil the. mukadame mean 116 gavahoan ke bayan hue. ikkis dastavej pesh kiye gaye. aantat: suprim kort ne giri ke khilaf pesh yachikaean kharij kar dian. isase pahale suprim kort rashtrapati ka bayan darj karane ke lie kamishnar bahal kar diya tha, par shri giri ne khud hajir hokar bayan dena uchit samajha. suprim kort ne rashtrapati ke baithane ki sammanajanak vyavastha kar di thi. si.ke. daphtari giri ke vakil the. is kes mean suprim kort ke samane jo mudde the, unamean mukhyat vah vivadaspad parcha tha, jo reddi ke khilaf vidhayakoan v saansadoan ke bich vitarit kiye gaye the.
- saval utha ki kya giri ya kisi any vyakti ne unaki sahamati se ve parache prakashit, mudrit aur vitarit kiye the?
- kya us parache mean aise jhoothe tathy aur kutathy the, jisase reddi ka niji charitr laanchhit hota hai?
- kya usaka prakashan kaangres ke rashtrapati ke adhikarik ummidavar ko parajit karane ke lie kiya gaya tha?
- kya parache ko prakashit karane ke jimmedar vyakti yah vishvas karate haian ki usamean likhi gayi batean sach haian?
- kya giri ya any vyakti ne unaki sahamati se ghoos dene ka aparadh kiya jisaka chunav par bura asar p da?
- kya rashtrapati pad ke any ummidavar shiv kripal sianh, charanalal sahoo ya yogiraj ke namaankan patr galat tarike se kharij kar diye gaye?
- kya giri aur pien bhogaraj ke namaankan patr galat tarike se svikrit kiye gaye?
- kya yachika mean lagaye gaye arop yah siddh karate haian ki dhara-18/1 e/ke aantargat chunav mean anuchit prabhav ka istemal kiya gaya tha?
- kya giri ke karyakartaoan ne anuchit prabhav dalane ka aparadh kiya tha? yadi haan, to kya usake lie giri ne apani sahamati di thi?
- kya any logoan dvara anuchit prabhav dalane ke karan chunav natije par koee asar p da?
suprim kort ka nirnay
sike daphtari ne kaha ki yah sahi hai ki reddi ke khilaf paracha chhapa gaya tha, par us parache mean yah nahian bataya gaya tha ki ise kisane chhapa. doosari or yachikakarta ke vakil suyash malik ne kaha ki giri par arop banata hai. ek any vakil em.si. sharma ne kaha ki sansadiy chunav aur rashhtrapati ke chunav mean bhrasht karravaee ke aantar ko dhyan mean rakha jana chahie. chunav mean bhrasht acharan siddh karane ke lie keval yah siddh karana zaroori hai ki vijayi pratyashi ne bhrasht acharan ke bare mean janaboojh kar khamoshi barati. suprim kort ne donoan pakshoan ko sunane ke bad giri ke chunav ko sahi thaharaya aur is sanbandh mean dayar charoan yachikaoan ko kharij karate hue nyayamoorti sikari ne kaha ki ham sabhi nyayadhish is nirnay par ekamat haian.
faisale ke vakt suprim kort mean bhari bhi d thi. logoan mean nirnay sunane ki utsukata thi. yah apane dhang ka pahala chunav mukadama tha. jab faisala aya, us samay giri dakshin bharat ke daure par the. unhean tatkal isaki soochana de di gayi. is nirnay par koee tippani karane se unhoanne inakar kar diya. rashtrapati pad ke parajit ummidavar reddi ne bhi is par tatkal kuchh kahane se inakar kar diya tha, par kuchh doosare netaoan ne is par apani pratikriyaean zaroor dian. iandira kaangres ke adhyaksh jagajivan ram ne kaha ki- "sachchaee ki jit huee hai". bhakapa ke pramukh neta bhoopesh gupt ne kaha ki- "yah faisala n keval sansad balki poore desh ke pragatishil vyaktiyoan ki naitik aur rajanitik donoan tarah ki vijay ki pratik hai." sangathan kaangres ke adhyaksh nijaliangappa ne kaha ki- "hamean nyayik faisaloan ko svikar karane aur usaki prashansa karane ki sikh leni chahie."[3]
- samman aur puraskar
varahagiri veankatagiri ko shramikoan ke utthan aur desh ke svatantrata sangram mean apane utkrisht yogadan ke lie desh ke sarvochch nagarik samman ‘bharat ratn’ se navaja gaya.
nidhan
85 varsh ki ayu mean varahagiri veankat giri ka 23 joon, 1980 ko madras mean nidhan ho gaya. vi. vi. giri ek achchhe vakta hone ke sath-sath ek kushal rajanitijn bhi the. unamean lekhan kshamata bhi bahut adhik aur uchch koti ki thi. vi. vi. giri ne "audyogik sanbandh aur bharatiy udyogoan mean shramikoan ki samasyaean" jaisi kitabean bhi likhi thian.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 varahagiri veankatagiri (hiandi) (ech.ti.em.el) jagaran jankshan. abhigaman tithi: 7 faravari, 2013.
- ↑ varahagiri veankat giri (hiandi) (ech.ti.em.el) hiandi in d aaut k aaum. abhigaman tithi: 7 faravari, 2013.
- ↑ rashtrapati padah vivadoan ki aantahin katha (hiandi) (ech.ti.em.el) patrakar anil dikshit. abhigaman tithi: 7 faravari, 2013.
sanbandhit lekh