शाकल
shakal ya 'shakal nagar' ek aitihasik sthan, jisaka abhijnan pashchimi pakistan ke siyalakot se kiya jata hai. t aaulmi ne ise 'yoothedemiya' kaha tha. mahabharat kal mean siyalakot madroan ki rajadhani thi. shakal 326 ee. poo. mean sikandar mahan ke adhipaty mean chala gaya tha. usane ise jhelam tatha chinab ke madhyavarti kshetr ke kshatrap ke adhin kar diya tha.[1]
itihas
vidvanoan ka mat hai ki 'shakal' nam ka sanbandh shak se hai. yah sthan sambhavatah shakoan athava shakasthan ke nivasi eeraniyoan ke nivas ke karan 'shakal' kahalata tha. eerani magoan ka sanbandh bhi shakal se bataya jata hai. mahabharat mean shakal ko 'madr desh' mean sthit mana gaya hai. is nagar mean madradhip shaly ka rajy tha. inhean nakul ne apani digvijay yatra ke prasang mean vijit kiya tha-
's chasyagatabhi rajanh pratijagrah shasanamh, tatah shakal-mamyety madranaan putabhedanan matulan pritipoorven shaly chakravashe bali.'[2]
yatri tatha itihasakaroan ka ullekh
'milindapanhoan' mean yavanaraj miliand athava mineandar[3] ki rajadhani 'shagal' ya 'shakal' bataee gee hai. alaksheandr (alegjeandar) ke itihas lekhakoan ne bhi is sthan ko 'sagal' ya 'saangal' kaha hai. yoonani lekhakoan ne saangal ka kath jati ke vir kshatriyoan ka mukhy sthan bataya hai aur unake shaury ki bahut prashansa ki hai. chini yatri yuvanachvaang (7vian shati) ne is nagar ko dekha tha. usane ise 'shekalo' likha hai aur hoon naresh mihirakul ki yahaan rajadhani batayi hai. kaniangham ne 'sagal' ka abhijnan zila gujaraanvala (panjab) mean sthit sangala namak paha di se kiya hai. smith ke anusar yah sthan zila jhang mean sthit 'chinot' ya 'shahakot' hai. kintu anek pramanoan ke bal par phlit ne siddh kiya hai ki shakal vastav mean siyalakot hi hai.[4][1]
any mahattvapoorn tathy
- mahabharat kal ke shakal nivasiyoan ke achar vyavahar ko dooshit samajha jata tha-
'shakalan nam nagaramapaganam nimnaga, jartiankanam vahikasteshaan vrittan sunishchitamh.'[5]
uparokt uddharan se siddh hota hai ki mahabharat ke samay mean bahikoan ki rajadhani shakal mean thi tatha vahaan 'jartik' (jat) namak bahiko ka nivas tha.
- shakal ke nikat 'apaga' namak nadi bahati thi. shakal ko mahabharat mean shakal dvip bhi kaha gaya hai. mahabharat, karnaparv[6] se bhi yah vidit hota hai ki bahik desh panjab ki paanch nadiyoan se tatha chhathi sindhu se ghira hua tha aur isaka ek nam 'aratt' bhi tha.
- kaliangabodhi jatak tatha kuroo jatak mean bhi saakal (shakal) ka madr pradesh ke roop mean ullekh hai. siyalakot ke asapas ka pradesh to guru govind sianh ke samay tak (17vian shati) tak madr desh kahalata tha.[7]
- ek kivadanti ke anusar bhakt pooranamal siyalakot ke nivasi the. is sthan par vah koop bhi sthit hai, jisamean pooranamal ko hath-pair kat kar dal diya gaya tha. koop ke nikat hi guru gorakhanath ka mandir hai.
- shakal ya saangal ko sagalanagar bhi kahate hai. ek prachin kianvadanti ke anusar shakal ko mahabharat kalin raja shalv ne basaya tha tatha raja shalivahan ne dubara basakar yahaan ek durg ka nirman kiya tha.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 aitihasik sthanavali |lekhak: vijayendr kumar mathur |prakashak: rajasthan hindi granth akadami, jayapur |sankalan: bharatakosh pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 893 |
- ↑ mahabharat, sabhaparv 32,14-15
- ↑ dvitiy shati ee. poo.
- ↑ chaturdash groriyantal kaangres 1905, elajiyars, bharat vibhag-pri. 164
- ↑ mahabharat, karnaparv 44,10
- ↑ karnaparv 44,7
- ↑ malakam-skech aauph di sikhara, pri. 55