शुक्र

chitr:Disamb2.jpg shukr

ek bahuvikalpi shabd hai any arthoan ke lie dekhean:- shukr (bahuvikalpi)

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is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav"

thumb|250px|shukr grah
Venus

shukr grah ( vinas / Venus )

• shukr prithvi ka nikatatam grah, soory se doosara aur sauramandal ka chhathavaan sabase b da grah hai. shukr par koee chuanbakiy kshetr nahian hai. isaka koee upagrah ( chandrama ) bhi nahian hai. akash mean shukr ko nangi aankho se dekha ja sakata hai. yah akash mean sabase chamakila piand hai.
• shukr grah ko pragaitihasik kal se jana jata. yah akash mean soory aur chandrama ke bad sabase zyada chamakila grah / piand hai. budh ke jaise hi ise bhi do namo bhor ka tara ( yoonani : Eosphorus ) aur sham ka tara / akashiy pind ke ( yoonani : Hesperus ) nam se jana jata raha hai. grik khagolashastri janate the ki yah dono ek hi hai. shukr bhi ek aantarik grah hai, yah bhi chandrama ki tarah kalaye pradarshit karata hai. gaileliyo dvara shukr ki kalaoan ke nirikshan koparanikas ke sooryakendri sauramandal siddhaant ke satyapan ke liye sabase mazaboot praman diye the.
• yah soory ki parikrama 224 din mean karata hai aur soory se isaka parikrama path 108200000 kilomitar lamba ( kaksha : 0.72 AU ya 108,200,000 kimi ) hai. shukr grah vyas 121036 kilomitar aur dravyaman 4.869e24 kigra hai. isaki kaksha lagabhag vrittakar hai. yah any grahoan ke viparit dakshinavart ( Anticlockwise ) chakran karata hai.
• shukr ka ghurnan kafi ajib hai kyoanki yah kafi dhima hai. vah ek ghurnan karane mean 243 prithvi divas lagata hai matalab ki shukr ka ek din prithvi ke 243 dino ke barabar hota hai. jo ki shukr ke sury ki parikrama mean lagane vale samay se bhi thoda zyada hai. shukr par ek shukr din shukr ke ek varsh se b da hota hai. shukr ki parikrama aur ghurnan mean itane samakalik hai ki prithvi se shukr ka keval ek hi hissa dikhayi deta hai.
• shukr par vayudab bhi prithvi ke vayumandal dabav se 90 guna hai. joki prithvi par sagarasatah se 1 kimi gaharaee ke tuly hai. vayumandal mean sarvadhik karban daee aksaid ki matra paee jati hai. shukr ke yah kee kilomitar mote salphyurik aml ke badalo se ghira hua hai. yah badal shukr grah ki satah dhank lete hai jisase ham use dekh nahian pate haian. is vatavaran se shukr par grinahaus prabhav padata hai jo ki tapaman ko 400 selsiyas se 740 selsiyas tak badha deta hai. is tapaman par sisa bhi pighal jata hai. shukr ki satah budh ki satah se bhi zyada garm hai, jabaki shukr budh ki tulana mean soory se doogani doori par hai. shukr ke badalo mean upari satah mean lagabhag 350 kimi prati ghanta ki gati se havayean chalati hai jabaki nichali satah mean ye kuchh hi kimi prati ghanta ki gati se chalati hai. shukr par kisi samay pani upasthit tha jo ubalakar aantariksh mean chala gaya. shukr ab kafi sookha grah hai. prithvi yadi soory se kuchh aur najadik ( kuchh kimi ) hoti tab prithvi ka bhi yahi hal hota.
• shukr ki satah se adhikaansh roliang maidanoan haian. vahaan kafi sare samudr jaise gahare kshetr hai jaise atalaanta, guyenevere, laviniya. kuchh uanche pathari kshetr hai jaise eeshtar pathar jo uttari golardh mean hai aur astreliya ke akar ka hai; aphrodite pathar jo bhoomadhyarekha par hai aur dakshin amarika ke akar ka hai. ishtar pathar ka kshetr uancha hai, isame ek kshetr lakshmi plenam hai jo shukr ke parvato se ghira hai. iname se ek mahakay parvat maiksavel mantes hai.
• maiglen yan se prapt aank de batate hai ki shukr ki satah ka adhikatar bhag lava pravah se dhanka hai. us par kafi sare mrit jvalamukhi hai jaise siph mans. hal hi mean prapt aank de batate hai ki shukr abhi bhi jvalamukhi sakriy hai lekin kuchh hi kshetro me; adhikatar bhag lakho varsho se shaant hai. shukr par chhote kretar nahian hai. aisa pratit hota hai ki ulkaye shukr ke vatavaran mean satah se takarane se pahale hi jal jati hai. shukr ki satah par kretar guchchho mean hai jo yah batati hai ki b di ulka satah se takarane se pahale chhote took do mean bant jati hai. shukr ke prachinatam kshetr 8000 lakh varsh poorane hai. jvalamukhiyo ne shukr ke purane b de kretaro ko bhar diya hai. shukr ka aantarik bhag prithvi jaisa hai, 3000 kimi trijya ki lohe ka kendr; usake asapas patthar ki parat. taja aank do ke anusar shukr ki pap di zyada moti aur mazaboot hai. prithvi ke jaise hi shukr par satah par dabav banata hai aur bhookanp ate haian.
• shukr ka vyas ( prithvi ke vyas ka 95 %), dravyaman ( prithvi ke dravyaman ka 80 % ) evan akar prithvi se tho da hi chhota hai. dono graho mean kretar ( ulkapar se bane vishal gadhdhe ) kam hai. dono ka ghanatv aur rasayanik sanyojan saman hai. isalie ise prithvi ka judanva grah tatha bhagini / bahan bhi kahate haian. in samanatao se yah socha jata tha ki badalo ke niche shukr grah prithvi ke jaise hoga aur shayad vahaan par jivan hoga. lekin bad ke nirikshano se jnat hua ki shukr prithvi se kafi alag hai aur yahaan jivan ki sanbhavana nyunatam hai.
• grik mithako ke anusar shukr grah prem aur suandarata ki devi hai. yah nam shukr grah ke sabhi graho mean sabase zyada chamakile hone ke karan diya gaya hai. ( ise yoonani mean Aphrodite tatha bebilon nivasi mean Ishtar kahate the. ) hindoo mithako / puranoan ke anusar shukr asuro ke guru hai. inake pita ka nam kavi aur inaki patni ka nam shataprabha hai. daity guru shukr daityoan ki raksha karane hetu sadaiv tatpar rahate haian. ye brihaspati ki tarah hi shastroan ke jnata, tapasvi aur kavi haian. inhean suandarata ka pratik mana gaya hai.
• 1962 mean shukr grah ki yatra karane vala pahala aantariksh yan mairinar 2 tha. usake bad 20 se zyada shukr grah ki yatra par ja chuke haian; jisame payoniyar, vinas aur soviyat yan venera 7 hai jo ki kisi doosare grah par utarane vala pahala yan tha.
• venera 9 shukr ki satah ki tasvire bhejane vala pahala yan tha. amarika ke yan maigelan ne shukr ki kaksha mean parikrama karate huye usaki satah ka radar ki sahayata se pahala naksha banaya tha. yooropiyan aantariksh ejensi ka vinas eksapres yan abhi shukr ki kaksha mean hai.

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