संख्या पद्धति

sankhya paddhati (aangrezi: Number System) sankhyaoan ko likhane evan unake namakaran ke suvyavasthit niyamoan ko kahate haian. isake liye nirdharit pratikoan ka prayog kiya jata hai jinaki sankhya nishchit evan simit hoti hai. in pratikoan ko vividh prakar se vyasthit karake bhinn-bhinn sankhyaean niroopit ki jati haian. dashamalav paddhati, dvayadhari sankhya paddhati, ashtadhari sankhya paddhati tatha shodashadhari sankhya paddhi adi kuchh pramukh prachalit sankhya paddhatiyaan haian. pratyek bhasha mean kuchh n kuchh aank avashy hote haian. ikaee ki sankalpana se 'ek' ki aur anekata ki sankalpana se 'do' ki rachana hue bina nahian rahati. avyavasthit sankhyalekhan kadachith‌ hi kisi bhasha mean hoga. aaustreliya ki bhashaoan, yooin - kuri adi, tatha vahaan ki madhy dakshini bhashaoan mean aisi avyavastha hai. aandaman dvipoan aur malakka ke vasiyoan ne ek aur do ke liye aank to banae haian, lekin jo date ve ek ek karake hi haian. aisi hi bat dakshin amerika ki shikito ke bare mean hai. vyavasthit paddhatiyoan ke sankshipt vivaran ye haian-

paddhatiyaan

vishv mean vibhinn prakar ki sankhya paddhatiyaan prayog ki jati haian. inamean se kuchh is prakar haian-

yugmak paddhati

yugmak paddhati mean ek aur do ke lie aank haian aur 3 ko 2+1 (arthath‌ ek yugm aur ek), 4 ko 2+2 ityadi ke roop mean prakat karate haian. yah paddhati aaustraliya aur nyoogini ki jatiyoan, afrika ki bushamain, dakshin amarika ki fyoojiyan, yaman, gvadiki, shipaya adi jatiyoan mean hai. is paddhati ki utpatti sharir ke un aangoan ko dekhakar huee jo jo doan mean haian.

chatushtak paddhati

chatushtak paddhati mean char se adhik sankhyaean, sanyojan dvara, is prakar prakat ki jati haian : 5 = 4 + 1, 7 = 4 + 3, 8 = 4 + 4 ya 2 ´ 4. vishesh roop se kailiphorniya mean salina jati dvara yah paddhati prayukt hoti hai. vahaan akash ke char bhagoan ka dharm, paranpara aur devakathaoan mean vishesh mahatv hai.

shatak paddhati

shatak paddhati mool roop se uttar-pashchimi aphrika hi huka, bulanda, epko jatiyoan mean prachalit hai. age chalakar yah dvadash paddhati mean vikasit huee. isaki visheshata yah hai ki 12 ke ni:shesh khand kitane hi ho jate haian. isi karan yah jyotish, lanbaee mapan aur mudrapranali mean prachalit huee.

panchak paddhati

panchak paddhati avikal roop se dakshin amarika ke saraveka ki arovak bhasha mean milati hai. anyatr isaka sanyojan dashamak ya vianshati paddhati ke sath ho gaya hai. vianshati paddhati mean adhar 20 hai. ise panchak, dashamak aur yugmak paddhatiyoan se sanyukt paya jata hai. in paddhatiyoan ka aranbh hath aur pair ki aanguliyoan se hua. is prakar 'paanch' ka arth hath, das ka arth donoan hath, 15 ka arth donoan hath aur ek pair tatha 20 ka arth donoan pair aur hath, arthath‌ poorn manushy, ho jata hai.

panchak vianshati paddhati

panchak vianshati paddhati pray: aaustreliya tatha nyoogini ke kuchh bhagoan mean, eshiya-yoorop ki sima par aur tibbati-varmi bhashaoan ke himalayi varg mean hai. dashamak vianshati paddhati, muanda bhashaoan, himalay ke tibbati-chini vargoan aur kakeshiya ki bhashaoan mean prachalit hai.

dashamak paddhati

dashamak paddhati ke panchak-dashamak roop mean dvitiy panchak ki sankhyaean paanch mean jo dakar banati haian, yatha 6 = 5 ¸ 1, ya yugmoan dvara, yatha 6 = 3 ´ 2, ya vyakalan dvara bhi, yatha 9 = 10 - 1. yah paddhati krishipradhan sabhyataoan mean prachalit huee. aphrika ki vantoo, niloti, vyool, nyonki aur mankoo bhashaoan mean isaka vishesh prachalan hai.

shuddh dashamak paddhati

shuddh dashamak paddhati mean panchak ka prayog nahian hota. isaki utpatti yayavar (khanabadosh) vargoan mean huee, jinhean gay, gho de, ooant, bhe d ke jhuandoan ko ginane hote the. tab se phailate phailate ab yah paddhati vishvavyapi ho gee haian. keval meksiki aur madhy amarika mean, ab bhi jyotish mean prayukt hone ke karan, vianshati paddhati surakshit hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh