संस्कृति के चार अध्याय -रामधारी सिंह दिनकर
sanskriti ke char adhyay -ramadhari sianh dinakar
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| lekhak | ramadhari sianh dinakar |
| mool shirshak | sanskriti ke char adhyay |
| prakashak | sahity akadami |
| prakashan tithi | 1956 |
| ISBN | 81-85341-05-2 |
| desh | bharat |
| bhasha | hiandi |
| mukhaprishth rachana | sajild |
| vishesh | is pustak mean dinakar ji ne bharat ke sanskritik itihas ko char bhagoan mean baantakar use likhane ka prayatn kiya hai |
sanskriti ke char adhyay rashtrakavi ramadhari sianh dinakar ki ek bahucharchit pustak hai jise sahity akadami ne sanh 1956 mean n keval pahali bar prakashit kiya apitu age chalakar use puraskrit bhi kiya. is pustak mean dinakar ji ne bharat ke sanskritik itihas ko char bhagoan mean baantakar use likhane ka prayatn kiya hai. ve yah bhi spasht karana chahate haian ki bharat ka adhunik sahity prachin sahity se kin-kin batoan mean bhinn hai aur is bhinnata ka karan kya hai ? unaka vishvas hai ki bharatiy sanskriti mean char b di krantiyaan huee haian aur hamari sanskriti ka itihas unhian char krantiyoan ka itihas hai.
bhoomika
is pustak ki bhoomika pandit javaharalal neharoo ne likhi thi. dinakar ji ki manyata hai ki bharatiy sanskriti ke nirman mean ary evan dravi d bhasha parivar ke logoan ke sath-sath madhyakalin muslim sanskriti evan adhunik aangrezi sanskriti ka bhi mahatvapoorn yogadan hai. ary, dravi d, muslim aur aangrezi prabhav ko dinakar ji bharatiy sanskriti ke char adhyay manate haian. unaki uparokt manyata neharoo ji ki 'bharat ki khoj' athava diskavari aauph iandiya se prabhavit mani jati hai. prastut lekh mean bharatiy sanskriti ki pramukh visheshataoan ki charcha ki gee hai. ye visheshatayean dinakar ji ki urvashi, rashmirathi, kurukshetr aur sanskriti ke char adhyay ke adhyayan ke adhar par vikasit ki gee hai.[1]
lekhak ka nivedan
bharat ki sanskriti, arambh se hi, samasik rahi hai. uttar-dakshin poorv pashchim desh mean jahaan bhi jo hindoo basate hai. unaki sanskriti ek hai evan bharat ki pratyek kshetriy visheshata hamari isi samasik sanskriti ki visheshata hai. tab hindoo evan musalaman haian, jo dekhane mean ab bhi do lagate haian. kintu unake bich bhi saanskritik ekata vidyaman hai jo unaki bhinnata ko kam karati hai. durbhagy ki bat hai ki ham is ekata ko poorn roop se samajhane mean samarth rahe hai. yah kary rajaniti nahian, shiksha aur sahity ke dvara sampann kiya jana chahie. is disha mean sahity ke bhitar kitane hi chhote-b de prayatn ho chuke hai. vartaman pustak bhi usi disha mean ek vinamr prayas hai.[2]
tamil aur sanskrit ka melajol
tamil-paranpara ke anusar sanskrit aur dravi d bhashaean ek hi udgam se nikali haian. idhar bhasha-tattvajnoan ne yah bhi pramanit kiya hai ki aryoan ki mool bhasha yoorop aur eshiya ke pratyek bhookhand ki sthaniy vishishtataoan ke prabhav mean akar parivartit ho gayi, usaki dhvaniyaan badal gayi, uchcharan badal ge aur usake bhandar mean aryetar shabdoan ka samavesh ho gaya. bharat mean sanskrit ka uchcharan tamil prabhav se badala hai, yah bat ab kitane hi vidvan manane lage haian. tamil mean r ko l aur l ko r kar dene ka rivaj hai. yah riti sanskrit mean bhi 'ralyobhedah' ke niyam se chalati hai. kadavel (Coldwell) ka kahana hai ki sanskrit ne yah paddhati tamil se grahan ki hai. bahut prachin kal mean bhi tamil aur sanskrit ke bich shabdoan ka adan-pradan kafi adhik matr mean hua hai, isake praman yathesht sankhya mean upalabdh haian. kitel ne apani kann d-iangalish-dikshanari mean aise kitane shabd ginaye hai, jo tamil-bhandar se nikal kar sanskrit mean pahuanche the. badale mean sanskrit ne bhi tamil ko prabhavit kiya. sanskrit ke kitane hi shabd to tamil mean tatsam roop mean hi maujood haian, kintu, kitane hi shabd aise bhi haian, jinake tatsam roop tak pahuanch pana bih d bhasha-tattvajnoan ka hi kam hai. suniti kumar chatarji ke anusar tamil ka 'ayaram' shabd sanskrit ke 'sahastram' ka roopaantaran hai. isi prakar, sanskrit ke sneh shabd ko tamil bhasha ne keval 'ne' (ghi) banakar tatha sanskrit ke krishna ko 'kiroottinan' banakar apana liya hai. tamil bhasha mean uchcharan ke apane niyam haian. in niyamoan ke karan bahar se aye hue shabdoan ko shuddh tamil prakriti dharan kar leni p dati hai.[3]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ sharma, d aau. amit kumar. bharatiy sanskriti ki pramukh visheshata (hiandi) braand bihar d aaut k aaum. abhigaman tithi: 23 sitambar, 2013.
- ↑ sanskriti ke char adhyay (hiandi) bharatiy sahity sangrah. abhigaman tithi: 23 sitambar, 2013.
- ↑ tamil aur sanskrit bhasha ka melajol (hiandi) meri chhoti si duniya (pustak- sanskriti ke char adhyay, prishth-37). abhigaman tithi: 23 sitambar, 2013.
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh