चक्रवर्ती राजगोपालाचारी
chakravarti rajagopalachari
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| poora nam | chakravarti rajagopalachari |
| any nam | rajaji |
| janm | 10 disanbar, 1878 |
| janm bhoomi | madras |
| mrityu | 28 disambar, 1972 |
| abhibhavak | pita- nalin chakravarti |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| prasiddhi | svatantrata senani, krantikari, patrakar, samajasudharak, shiksha visheshajn |
| parti | kaangres |
| pad | bhootapoorv udyog mantri, madras ke mukhyamantri, bangal ke rajyapal |
| kary kal | bharatiy gavarnar janaral-21 joon, 1948 - 26 janavari, 1950 mukhyamantri, madras-10 aprॅl, 1952 - 13 aprॅl, 1954 |
| shiksha | vakalat |
| vidyalay | presideansi k aaulej madras |
| bhasha | hindi, tamil aur aangrezi |
| puraskar-upadhi | bharat ratn |
| adyatan | 11:53, 11 march 2011 (IST) |
chakravarti rajagopalachari (aangrezi: Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, janm: 10 disanbar, 1878; mrityu: 28 disambar, 1972) bharatiy rajaniti ke shikhar purush the, jo rajaji ke nam se bhi jane jate haian. rajagopalachari vakil, lekhak, rajanitijn aur darshanik the. ve svatantr bharat ke dvitiy gavarnar-janaral aur pratham bharatiy gavarnar-janaral the. apane adbhut aur prabhavashali vyaktitv ke karan 'rajaji' ke nam se prasiddh mahanh svatantrata senani, samaj sudharak, gaandhivadi rajanitijn chakravarti rajagopalachari ko adhunik bharat ke itihas ka 'chanaky' mana jata hai. rajagopalachari ji ki buddhi chatury aur dridh ichchhashakti ke karan javaharalal neharoo, mahatma gaandhi aur saradar patel jaise anek uchchakoti ke kaangresi neta bhi unaki prashansa karate nahian aghate the.
jivan parichay
chakravarti rajagopalachari ka janm 10 disanbar, 1878 ko tamilanadu (madras) ke selam zile ke hosoor ke pas 'dhorapalli' namak gaanv mean hua tha. ek vaishnav brahman parivar mean janme chakravarti ji ke pita ka nam shri nalin chakravarti tha, jo selam ke nyayalay mean nyayadhish ke pad par karyarat the. rajagopalachari ji ki prarambhik shiksha gaanv ke hi ek skool se prapt karane ke bad unhoanne baiangalor ke saiantral k aaulej se haee skool aur iantaramidiet ki pariksha pratham shreni mean uttirn ki. isake bad madras ke presideansi k aaulej se bi.e. aur vakalat ki pariksha uttirn ki. vakalat ki digri pane ke pashchath ve selam mean hi vakalat karane lage. apani yogyata aur pratibha ke bal par unaki ganana vahaan ke pramukh vakiloan mean ki jane chakravarti padhane likhane mean to tej the hi, deshabhakti aur samaj seva ki bhavana bhi unamean svabhavik roop se vidyaman thi. jin dinoan ve vakalat kar rahe the, unhian dinoan ve svami vivekanand ji ke vicharoan se atyant prabhavit hue aur vakalat ke sath sath samaj sudhar ke karyoan mean bhi sakriy roop se ruchi lene lage. unake samaj sevi karyoan se prabhavit hokar janata dvara unhean selam ki myoonisipal k aaurporeshan ka adhyaksh chun liya gaya. is pad par rahate hue unhoanne anek nagarik samasyaoan ka to samadhan kiya hi, sath hi tatkalin samaj mean vyapt aisi samajik buraiyoan ka bhi jamakar virodh kiya jo unhian ke jaise himmati vyakti ke bas ki bat thi. selam mean pahale sahakari baiank ki sthapana ka shrey bhi unhean hi jata hai.
gaandhi ji ka sannidhy
varsh 1915 mean gaandhi ji dakshin aphrika se laut kar bharat aye the aur ate hi desh ke svatantrata sangram ko gati pradan karane mean jut gaye the. chakravarti bhi desh ke halat se anabhijn nahian the, vah vakalat mean utkarsh par the. 1919 mean gaandhi ji ne r aaulekt ekt ke viruddh satyagrah andolan prarambh kiya. isi samay rajagopalachari gaandhi ji ke sampark mean aye aur unake rashtriy andolan ke vicharoan se prabhavit hue. gaandhi ji ne pahali bheant mean unaki pratibha ko pahachana aur unase madras mean satyagrah andolan ka netritv karane ka ahvan kiya.thumb|chakravarti rajagopalachari|left unhoanne poore josh se madras satyagrah andolan ka netritv kiya aur giraphtar hokar jel gaye. jel se chhootate hi chakravarti ne apani vakalat aur tamam sukh suvidhaoan ko tyag diya aur poorn roop se desh ke svatantrata sangram ko samarpit ho gaye. sanh 1921 mean gaandhi ji ne namak satyagrah aranbh kiya. isi varsh vah kaangres ke sachiv bhi chune gaye. is andolan ke tahat unhoanne jagajagaran ke lie padayatra ki aur vedayasam ke sagar tat par namak qanoon ka ullanghan kiya. parinamasvaroop unhean giraphtar kar pun: jel bhej diya gaya. is samay tak chakravarti desh ki rajaniti aur kaangres mean itana ooancha qad prapt kar chuke the ki gaandhi ji jaise neta bhi pratyek kary mean unaki ray lete the. ve spasht kahate the 'raja ji hi mere sachche anuyayi haian.' yadyapi kee avasar aise bhi aye, jab chakravarti gaandhi aur kaangres ke virodh mean a kh de hue, kiantu ise bhi unaki dooradarshita, unaki kootaniti ka hi ek aang samajhakar unaka samarthan hi kiya gaya.
asahayog andolan
1930-31 mean asahayog andolan prarambh kiya gaya. chakravarti ne is andolan mean badh chadh kar bhag liya. vah jel bhi gaye, kiantu kuchh muddoan par ve kaangres ke b de b de netaoan ke virodh mean nidarata se a kh de hue. vah apane siddhaantoan ke age kisi se bhi kisi prakar ke samajhaute ke lie taiyar nahian hote the. vah akaran hi apane siddhaantoan par nahian a date the, pray: jin masaloan par any netagan unaka virodh karate the, bad mean ve sahaj roop se unhian masaloan par raja ji ke drishtikon se sahamat ho jate the. chakravarti ji ki soojhaboojh aur rajanitik kushalata ka udaharan dekhane ko milata hai, jab 1931-32 mean harijanoan ke prithakh matadhikar ko lekar gaandhi ji aur bhimarav aanbedakar ke bich matabhed utpann ho gaye the. ek or jahaan gaandhi ji is sandarbh mean anashan par baith gaye the, vahian aanbedakar bhi pichhe hatane ko taiyar nahian the. us samay chakravarti ne un doannoan ke bich b di hi chaturaee se samajhauta karakar vivad ko shaant karaya tha.
gaandhi ji se sanbandh
thumb|250px|chakravarti rajagopalachari vah gaandhi ji ke kitana nikat the, isaka pata is bat se chalata hai ki jab bhi gaandhi ji jel mean hote the, unake dvara sanpadit patr 'yang iandiya' ka sampadan chakravarti hi karate the. jab kabhi gaandhi ji se poochha jata tha, ' jab ap jel mean hote haian, tab bahar apaka uttaradhikari kise samajha jae?' tab gaandhi ji b de hi sahaj bhav se kahate, 'raja ji, aur kaun?' gaandhi ji aur chakravarti ke sanbandhoan mean tab aur bhi pragadhata a gayi, jab sanh 1933 mean chakravarti ji ki putri aur gaandhi ji ke putr vaivahik bandhan mean bandh gaye.
mukhyamantri
san 1937 mean hue k aauansilo ke chunavoan mean chakravarti ke netritv mean kaangres ne madras praant mean vijay prapt ki. unhean madras ka mukhyamantri banaya gaya. 1930 mean british sarakar aur kaangres ke bich matabhed ke chalate kaangres ki sabhi sarakarean bhang kar di gayi thian. chakravarti ne bhi apane pad se tyagapatr de diya. isi samay doosare vishv yuddh ka arambh hua, kaangres aur chakravarti ke bich pun: than gayi. is bar vah gaandhi ji ke bhi virodh mean kh de the. gaandhi ji ka vichar tha ki british sarakar ko is yuddh mean matr naitik samarthan diya jae, vahian raja ji ka kahana tha ki bharat ko poorn svatantrata dene ki shart par british sarakar ko har prakar ka sahayog diya jae. yah matabhed itane badh gaye ki raja ji ne kaangres ki karyakarini ki sadasyata se tyagapatr de diya. isake bad 1942 mean 'bharat chho do' andolan prarambh hua, tab bhi vah any kaangresi netaoan ke sath giraphtar hokar jel nahian gaye. is ka arth yah nahian ki vah desh ke svatantrata sangram ya kaangres se vimukh ho gaye the. apane siddhaantoan aur karyashaili ke anusar vah in donoan se nirantar ju de rahe. unaki rajaniti par gahari pak d thi. 1942 ke ilahabad kaangres adhiveshan mean unhoanne desh ke vibhajan ko spasht sahamati pradan ki. yadyapi apane is mat par unhean am janata aur kaangres ka bahut virodh sahana p da, kiantu unhoanne isaki paravah nahian ki. itihas gavah hai ki 1942 mean unhoanne desh ke vibhajan ko sabhi ke virodh ke bad bhi svikar kiya, sanh 1947 mean vahi hua. yahi karan hai ki kaangres ke sabhi neta unaki dooradarshita aur buddhimatta ka loha manate rahe. kaangres se alag hone par bhi yah mahasoos nahian kiya gaya ki vah usase alag haian.
rajyapal
1946 mean desh ki aantarim sarakar bani. unhean kendr sarakar mean udyog mantri banaya gaya. 1947 mean desh ke poorn svatantr hone par unhean bangal ka rajyapal niyukt kiya gaya. isake agale hi varsh vah svatantr bharat ke pratham 'gavarnar janaral' jaise ati mahattvapoorn pad par niyukt kie gaye. sanh 1950 mean ve pun: kendriy mantrimandal mean le lie gaye. isi varsh saradar vallabh bhaee patel ki mrityu hone par ve kendriy grih mantri banaye gaye. sanh 1952 ke am chunavoan mean vah lokasabha sadasy bane aur madras ke mukhyamantri nirvachit hue. isake kuchh varshoan ke bad hi kaangres ki tatkalin nitiyoan ke virodh mean unhoanne mukhyamantri pad aur kaangres donoan ko hi chho d diya aur apani prithakh svatantr parti ki sthapana ki.
samman
1954 mean "bharatiy rajaniti ke chanaky" kahe jane vale raja ji ko 'bharat ratn' se sammanit kiya gaya. vah vidvanh aur adbhut lekhan pratibha ke dhani the. jo gaharaee aur tikhapan unake buddhichatury mean tha, vahi unaki lekhani mean bhi tha. vah tamil aur aangrezi ke bahut achchhe lekhak the. 'gita' aur 'upanishadoan' par unaki tikaean prasiddh haian. unako unaki pustak 'chakravarti tharomagam' par 'sahity akadami' dvara puraskrit kiya gaya. unaki likhi anek kahaniyaan uchch stariy thian. 'svarajy' namak patr unake lekh nirantar prakashit hote rahate the. isake atirikt nashabandi aur svadeshi vastuoan visheshakar khadi ke prachar prasar mean unaka yogadan mahattvapoorn mana jata hai.
nidhan
apani veshabhoosha se bhi bharatiyata ke darshan karane vale is mahapurush ka 28 disambar, 1972 ko nidhan ho gaya.
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sanbandhit lekh
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