सूर्य ग्रहण

	soory grahan
	soory grahan ke kee drishy\|200px\|center
vivaran	soory grahan ek khagoliy ghatana hai jab chandrama, prithvi aur soory ke madhy se hokar gujarata hai tatha prithvi se dekhane par soory poorn athava aanshik roop se chandrama dvara achchhadit hota hai.
poorn soory grahan	kabhi-kabhi hi aisa hota hai ki chaand sooraj ko poori tarah dhak leta hai. ise poorn-grahan kahate haian. poorn-grahan dharati ke bahut kam kshetr mean hi dekha ja sakata hai.
aanshik soory grahan	aanshik soory grahan mean soory ka kuchh bhag grahan gras mean tatha kuchh bhag grahan se aprabhavit rahata hai to prithvi ke us bhag vishesh mean laga grahan aanshik soory grahan kahalata hai.
valayakar soory grahan	valayakar soory grahan mean jab chandrama prithvi ke kafi door rahate hue prithvi aur soory ke bich mean a jata hai. soory ke bahar ka kshetr prakashit hone ke karan kangan ya valay ke roop mean chamakata dikhaee deta hai. kangan akar mean bane soory grahan ko hi valayakar soory grahan kahate haian.
vishesh	khagol shastr ke anusar 18 varsh 18 din ki samayavadhi mean 41 soory grahan aur 29 chandragrahan hote haian. ek varsh mean 5 sooryagrahan tatha 2 chandragrahan tak ho sakate haian.
varsh 2021	10 joon tatha 4 disanbar
dharmik manyata	soory athava chandr grahan ke samay manushy ke pet ki pachan-shakti kamazor ho jati hai, jisake karan is samay kiya gaya bhojan apach, ajirn adi shikayatean paida kar sharirik ya manasik hani pahuancha sakata hai.
sanbandhit lekh	chandr grahan, suparamoon, bloo moon, blad moon
any janakari	soory grahan sadaiv amavasya ko hi hota hai. jab chandrama kshinatam ho aur soory poorn kshamata sanpann tatha dipt ho.

poorn grahan

aksar chaand, sooraj ke sirf kuchh hisse ko hi dhakata hai. yah sthiti 'khand-grahan' kahalati hai. kabhi-kabhi hi aisa hota hai ki chaand sooraj ko poori tarah dhak leta hai. ise 'poorn-grahan' kahate haian. poorn-grahan dharati ke bahut kam kshetr mean hi dekha ja sakata hai. zyada se zyada do sau pachas (250) kilomitar ke kshetr mean. is kshetr ke bahar keval 'khand-grahan' dikhaee deta hai. poorn-grahan ke samay chaand ko sooraj ke samane se gujarane mean do ghante lagate haian. chaand sooraj ko poori tarah se, zyada se zyada, sat minat tak dhakata hai. in kuchh kshanoan ke lie asaman mean aandhera ho jata hai, ya yooan kahean ki din mean rat ho jati hai.

jyotish vijnan ki drishti se soory grahan

grahan prakriti ka ek adbhut chamatkar hai. jyotish ke drishtikon se yadi dekha jae to abhootapoorv anokha, vichitr jyotish jnan, grah aur upagrahoan ki gatividhiyaan evan unaka svaroop spasht karata hai. soory grahan^[1] tab hota hai, jab soory aanshik athava poorn roop se chandrama dvara avrit^[2] ho jae. is prakar ke grahan ke liye chandama ka prithvi aur soory ke bich ana avashyak hai. isase prithvi par rahane vale logoan ko soory ka avrit bhag nahian dikhaee deta hai.

soory grahan hone ke liye nimn sharte poori honi avashyak haian-

poornima ya amavasya honi chahiye.
chandama ka rekhaansh rahu ya ketu ke pas hona chahiye.
chandrama ka akshaansh shoony ke nikat hona chahie.^[3]

uttari dhruv ko dakshini dhruv se milane vali rekhaoan ko rekhaansh kaha jata hai tatha bhoomadhy rekha ke charoan or vritakar mean jane vali rekhaoan ko akshaansh ke nam se jana jata hai. soory grahan sadaiv amavasya ko hi hota hai. jab chandrama kshinatam ho aur soory poorn kshamata sanpann tatha dipt ho. chandr aur rahu ya ketu ke rekhaansh bahut nikat hone chahie. chandr ka akshaansh lagabhag shoony hona chahiye aur yah tab hoga jab chandr ravi marg par ya ravi marg ke nikat ho, soory grahan ke din soory aur chandr ke koniy vyas ek saman hote haian. is karan chandr soory ko keval kuchh minat tak hi apani chhaya mean le pata hai. soory grahan ke samay jo kshetr dhak jata hai use poorn chhaya kshetr kahate haian.

varsh 2021

jyotishashastr ke anusar, varsh 2021 mean do soory grahan lageange-

10 joon - sal 2021 ka pahala soory grahan 10 joon ko lagega. bharat mean yah grahan aanshik roop se dikhaee p dega. isake alava yah grahan uttari amerika ke uttari bhag, yoorop aur eshiya mean aanshik, uttari kanada, roos aur grinalaiand mean poorn roop se dikhaee p dega.
4 disanbar - is din 2021 ka doosara aur akhiri soory grahan lagega. is grahan ko bharat mean nahian dekha ja sakega. yah aantarkatika, dakshin aphrika, aaustreliya aur dakshin amerika mean dikhaee p dega.

prakar

chandrama dvara soory ke bimb ke poore ya kam bhag ke dhake jane ki vajah se soory grahan tin prakar ke hote haian jinhean poorn soory grahan, aanshik soory grahan v valayakar soory grahan kahate haian.

1. poorn soory grahan

poorn soory grahan us samay hota hai jab chandrama prithvi ke kafi pas rahate hue prithvi aur soory ke bich mean a jata hai aur chandrama poori tarah se prithvi ko apane chhaya kshetr mean le leta hai. isake phalasvaroop soory ka prakash prithvi tak pahuanch nahian pata hai aur prithvi par aandhakar jaisi sthiti utpann ho jati hai tab prithvi par poora soory dikhaee nahian deta. is prakar banane vala grahan poorn soory grahan kahalata hai.

2. aanshik soory grahan

aanshik sooryagrahan mean jab chandrama soory v prithvi ke bich mean is prakar ae ki soory ka kuchh hi bhag prithvi se dikhaee nahian deta hai arthat chandrama, soory ke keval kuchh bhag ko hi apani chhaya mean le pata hai. isase soory ka kuchh bhag grahan gras mean tatha kuchh bhag grahan se aprabhavit rahata hai to prithvi ke us bhag vishesh mean laga grahan aanshik soory grahan kahalata hai.

3. valayakar soory grahan

valayakar soory grahan mean jab chandrama prithvi ke kafi door rahate hue prithvi aur soory ke bich mean a jata hai arthat chandr soory ko is prakar se dhakata hai, ki soory ka keval madhy bhag hi chhaya kshetr mean ata hai aur prithvi se dekhane par chandrama dvara soory poori tarah dhaka dikhaee nahian deta balki soory ke bahar ka kshetr prakashit hone ke karan kangan ya valay ke roop mean chamakata dikhaee deta hai. kangan akar mean bane sooryagrahan ko hi valayakar soory grahan kahate haian.

khagol shastr ke anusar

khagol shastriyoan ne ganit se nishchit kiya hai ki 18 varsh 18 din ki samayavadhi mean 41 soory grahan aur 29 chandragrahan hote haian. ek varsh mean 5 sooryagrahan tatha 2 chandragrahan tak ho sakate haian. kintu ek varsh mean 2 sooryagrahan to hone hi chahie. haan, yadi kisi varsh 2 hi grahan hue to vo donoan hi sooryagrahan hoange. yadyapi varsh bhar mean 7 grahan tak sanbhavy haian, tathapi 4 se adhik grahan bahut kam hi dekhane ko milate haian. pratyek grahan 18 varsh 11 din bit jane par pun: hota hai. kintu vah apane pahale ke sthan mean hi ho yah nishchit nahian haian, kyoanki sampat bindu nirantar chal rahe haian.

sadharanat: sooryagrahan ki apeksha chandragrahan adhik dekhe jate haian, parantu sachchaee yah hai ki chandr grahan se kahian adhik sooryagrahan hote haian. 3 chandragrahan par 4 sooryagrahan ka anupat ata hai. chandr grahanoan ke adhik dekhe jane ka karan yah hota hai ki ve prithvi ke adhe se adhik bhag mean dikhalaee p date haian, jab ki sooryagrahan prithvi ke bahut b de bhag mean pray: sau mil se kam chau de aur do se tin hazar mil lambe bhoobhag mean dikhalaee p date haian. udaharan ke taur par yadi madhy pradesh mean khagras, jo sampoorn soory bimb ko dhakane vala hota hai grahan ho to gujarat mean khand soory grahan, jo soory bimb ke aansh ko hi dhakata hai, hi dikhalaee dega aur uttar bharat mean vah dikhayi hi nahian dega.

vaijnanik drishtikon mean soory grahan

thumb|250px|right|soory grahan
Solar Eclipse chahe grahan ka koee adhyatmik mahattv ho athava n ho kintu duniya bhar ke vaijnanikoan ke lie yah avasar kisi utsav se kam nahian hota. b de-b de shodhakarta evan khagolavid isake intazar mean palak bichhae rahate haian kyoanki grahan hi vah samay hota hai jab brahmaand mean anekoan vilakshan evan adbhut ghatanaean ghatit hoti haian jisase ki vaijnanikoan ko naye naye tathyoan par kary karane ka avasar milata hai. 1968 mean larkayar namak vaijnanik ne soory grahan ke avasar par ki gee khoj ke sahare varn mandal mean hiliyam gais ki upasthiti ka pata lagaya tha. aianstain ka yah pratipadan bhi soory grahan ke avasar par hi sahi siddh ho saka, jisamean unhoanne any pindoan ke gurutvakarshan se prakash ke p dane ki bat kahi thi. chandragrahan to apane sanpoorn tatkalin prakash kshetr mean dekha ja sakata hai kintu sooryagrahan adhikatam 10 hazar kilomitar lambe aur 250 kilomitar chau de kshetr mean hi dekha ja sakata hai. sampoorn sooryagrahan ki vastavik avadhi adhik se adhik 11 minat hi ho sakati hai usase adhik nahian. sansar ke samast padarthoan ki sanrachana soory rashmiyoan ke madhyam se hi sanbhav hai. yadi sahi prakar se soory aur usaki rashmiyoan ke prabhavoan ko samajh liya jae to samast dhara par ashcharyajanak parinam lae ja sakate haian. soory ki pratyek rashmi vishesh anu ka pratinidhitv karati hai aur jaisa ki spasht hai, pratyek padarth kisi vishesh paramanu se hi nirmit hota hai. ab yadi soory ki rashmiyoan ko pooanjibhoot kar ek hi vishesh bindu par kendrit kar liya jae to padarth parivartan ki kriya bhi sanbhav ho sakati hai.

adhyatmik drishtikon mean soory grahan

yah to spasht hai ki soory mean adbhut shaktiyaan nihit haian aur grahan kal mean soory apani poorn kshamata se in shaktiyoan ko, in rashmiyoan ko vikirn karata hai, jise dhyan-manan ke prayogoan dvara hi prapt kiya ja sakata hai, kintu utana hi jitana hamare sharir mean kshamata hai. grahan ka shabdik arth hi lena, aangikar ya svikar karana hai. hamare rrishi muniyoan ne itana jnan hamare sammukh rakha hai jisaka anuman lagana, arthat jnan se jnan ko prapt karana hi jivan ki sarthakata hai. apane bhitar ke andhakar ko mitane ke lie daivik aradhana, pooja archana ityadi vishesh parvoan par karate rahane ka vidhan hai. jaisa ki grahan kal mean uttam yaugik kriya, pooja anushthan, mantr siddhi, tirth snan, jap dan adi ka apana ek vishesh mahattv hai. isake praman shastroan mean vidyaman haian. bahut se buddhijivi log kahate haian ki grahan kal mean dhyan manan, jap, upavas ityadi nira andhavishvas hai, in sab ka koee auchity nahian.

bharatiy vaidik kal aur soory grahan

vaidik kal se poorv bhi khagoliy sanrachana par adharit kalaindar banane ki avashkata anubhav ki gee. soory grahan, chandr grahan tatha unaki punaravritti ki poorv soochana eesa se char hazar varsh poorv hi upalabdh thi. rrigved ke anusar atrimuni ke parivar ke pas yah jnan upalabdh tha. vedaang jyotish ka mahattv hamare vaidik poorvajoan ke is mahanh jnan ko pratibimbit karata hai.

grah nakshatroan ki duniya ki yah ghatana bharatiy manishiyoan ko atyant prachin kal se jnat rahi hai. chir prachin kal mean maharshiyoan ne ganana kar di thi. is par dharmik, vaidik, vaicharik, vaijnanik vivechan dharmik evan jyotishiy granthoan mean hota chala aya hai. maharshi atri muni grahan ke jnan ko dene vale pratham achary the. rrigvediy prakash kal arthat vaidik kal se grahan par adhyayan, manan aur parikshan hote chale aye haian.

rrigved ke ek mantr mean yah chamatkari varnan milata hai ki "he soory ! asur rahu ne ap par akraman kar andhakar se jo apako viddh kar diya, usase manushy apake roop ko poorn roop se dekh nahian paye aur apane apane karyakshetroan mean hataprabh se ho gaye. tab maharshi atri ne apane arjit jnan ki samarthy se chhaya ka doorikaran kar soory ka uddhar kiya."

agale mantr mean yah ata hai ki "indr ne atri ki sahayata se hi rahu ki sima se soory ki raksha ki thi." isi prakar grahan ke nirasan mean samarth maharshi atri ke tap: sandhan se samudbhut alaukik prabhavoan ka varnan ved ke anek mantroan mean prapt hota hai. kintu maharshi atri kis adbhut samarthy se is alaukik karyoan mean daksh mane gaye, is vishay mean do mat haian- pratham parampara prapt yah mat hai ki, ve is kary mean tapasya ke prabhav se samarth hue aur doosara yah ki, ve koee naya yantr banakar usaki sahayata se grahan se grasit hue soory ko dikhalane mean samarth hue. ab adhunik yug hai, logoan ki soch bhi adhunik hoti ja rahi hai isalie tapasya ke prabhav jaise kisi mat ki apeksha yahaan ham doosare mat ko hi svikar kar lete haian haian. kul milakar itana spasht hai ki atyant prachin kal mean bharatiy sooryagrahan ke vishay mean poornat: janate the.^[4]

dharmik manyataean

rrishi-muniyoan ne soory grahan lagane ke samay bhojan ke lie mana kiya hai, kyoanki unaki manyata thi ki grahan ke samay mean kitanu bahulata se phail jate haian. khady vastu, jal adi mean sookshm jivanu ekatrit hokar use dooshit kar dete haian. isalie rrishiyoan ne patroan mean kush dalane ko kaha hai, taki sab kitanu kush mean ekatrit ho jayean aur unhean grahan ke bad pheanka ja sake. patroan mean agni dalakar unhean pavitr banaya jata hai taki kitanu mar jayean. grahan ke bad snan karane ka vidhan bhi isilie banaya gaya taki snan se sharir ke aandar ooshma ka pravah badhe, bhitar-bahar ke kitanu nasht ho jayean aur dhul kar bah jayean.

grahan ke dauran bhojan n karane ke vishay mean 'jiv vijnan' vishay ke prophesar tarianstan ne paryapt anusandhan karake siddh kiya hai ki soory-chandr grahan ke samay manushy ke pet ki pachan-shakti kamazor ho jati hai, jisake karan is samay kiya gaya bhojan apach, ajirn adi shikayatean paida kar sharirik ya manasik hani pahuancha sakata hai. bharatiy dharm vijnanavettaoan ka manana hai ki soory-chandr grahan lagane se das ghante poorv se hi isaka kuprabhav shuroo ho jata hai. aantarikshiy pradooshan ke samay ko sootak kal kaha gaya hai. isalie sootak kal aur grahan ke samay mean bhojan tatha pey padarthoan ke sevan ki manahi ki gee hai. chooanki grahan se hamari jivan shakti ka has hota hai aur tulasi dal^[5] mean vidyut shakti v pran shakti sabase adhik hoti hai, isalie saur mandaliy grahan kal mean grahan pradooshan ko samapt karane ke lie bhojan tatha pey samagri mean tulasi ke kuchh patte dal die jate haian jisake prabhav se n keval bhojy padarth balki ann, ata adi bhi pradooshan se mukt bane rah sakate haian.

puranoan ki manyata ke anusar rahu chandrama ko tatha ketu soory ko grasata hai. ye donoan hi chhaya ki santan haian. chandrama aur soory ki chhaya ke sath-sath chalate haian. chandr grahan ke samay kaph ki pradhanata badhati hai aur man ki shakti kshin hoti hai, jabaki soory grahan ke samay jatharagni, netr tatha pitt ki shakti kamazor p dati hai. garbhavati stri ko soory-chandr grahan nahian dekhane chahie, kyoanki usake dushprabhav se shishu aangahin hokar vikalaang ban sakata hai, garbhapat ki sanbhavana badh jati hai. isake lie garbhavati ke udar bhag mean gobar aur tulasi ka lep laga diya jata hai, jisase ki rahu-ketu usaka sparsh n karean. grahan ke dauran garbhavati mahila ko kuchh bhi kaianchi ya chakoo se katane ko mana kiya jata hai aur kisi vastradi ko silane se roka jata hai. kyoanki aisi manyata hai ki aisa karane se shishu ke aang ya to kat jate haian ya phir sil^[6]jate haian.

grahan lagane ke poorv nadi ya ghar mean upalabdh jal se snan karake bhagavan ka poojan, yajn, jap karana chahie. bhajan-kirtan karake grahan ke samay ka sadupayog karean. grahan ke dauran koee kary n karean. grahan ke samay mean mantroan ka jap karane se siddhi prapt hoti hai. grahan ki avadhi mean tel lagana, bhojan karana, jal pina, mal-mootr tyag karana, kesh vinyas banana, rati-kri da karana, manjan karana varjit kie ge haian. kuchh log grahan ke dauran bhi snan karate haian. grahan samapt ho jane par snan karake brahman ko dan dene ka vidhan hai. kahian-kahian vastr, bartan dhone ka bhi niyam hai. purana pani, ann nasht kar naya bhojan pakaya jata hai aur taja pani bharakar piya jata hai. grahan ke bad dom ko dan dene ka adhik mahatmy bataya gaya hai, kyoanki dom ko rahu-ketu ka svaroop mana gaya hai.

sooryagrahan mean grahan se char prahar poorv aur chandr grahan mean tin prahar poorv bhojan nahian karana chahiye. boodhe balak aur rogi ek prahar poorv tak kha sakate haian. grahan poora hone par soory ya chandr, jisaka grahan ho, grahan ke din patte, tinake, lak di aur phool nahian to dana chahie. bal tatha vastr nahian nicho dane chahiye v dant dhavan nahian karana chahiye. grahan ke samay tala kholana, sona, mal mootr ka tyag karana, maithun karana aur bhojan karana- ye sab kary varjit haian. grahan ke samay man se satpatr ko uddeshy karake jal mean jal dal dena chahie. aisa karane se dene vale ko usaka phal prapt hota hai aur lene vale ko usaka dosh bhi nahian lagata. grahan ke samay gayoan ko ghas, pakshiyoan ko ann, zaruratamandoan ko vastr dan se anek guna puny prapt hota hai. 'devi bhagavat' mean ata hai ki bhookanp evan grahan ke avasar prithvi ko khodana nahian chahiye.^[7]

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ sooryoparag
↑ vyavadhan / badha
↑ sooryagrahan kab, kyoan aur kaise ? (hindi) (e.es.pi) soory grahan.
↑ soory grahan ka adhyatmik evan vaijnanik mahattv (hindi) (ech.ti.em.el) jyotish ki sarthakata.
↑ patr
↑ ju d
↑ grahan vidhi nishedh (hindi) (ech.ti.em.el) jyotish ki sarthakata.

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] sooryoparag

[2] vyavadhan / badha

[3] sooryagrahan kab, kyoan aur kaise ? (hindi) (e.es.pi) soory grahan.

[4] soory grahan ka adhyatmik evan vaijnanik mahattv (hindi) (ech.ti.em.el) jyotish ki sarthakata.

[5] tr

[6] u d

[7] rahan vidhi nishedh (hindi) (ech.ti.em.el) jyotish ki sarthakata.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]