स्वामी विवेकानन्द
svami vivekanand
| |
| poora nam | svami vivekanand |
| any nam | nareandranath datt (mool nam) |
| janm | 12 janavari, 1863 |
| janm bhoomi | kalakatta (vartaman kolakata) |
| mrityu | 4 julaee, 1902 |
| mrityu sthan | ramkrishna math, beloor |
| abhibhavak | vishvanathadatt (pita) |
| guru | ramkrishna paramahans |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | darshanik, dharm pravartak aur sant |
| mukhy rachanaean | yog, rajayog, jnanayog |
| vishay | sahity, darshan aur itihas |
| shiksha | snatak |
| vidyalay | kalakatta vishvavidyalay |
| prasiddhi | adhyatmik guru |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| sanbandhit lekh | rashtriy yuva divas, vivekanand r aauk memoriyal, svami vivekanand ke anamol vachan |
| any janakari | aangrez bharatavid e. el. basham ne vivekanand ko itihas ka pahala vyakti bataya, jinhoanne poorv ki adhyatmik sanskriti ke mitratapoorn pratyuttar ka aranbh kiya aur unhean adhunik vishv ko akar dene vala ghoshit kiya. |
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svami vivekanand (aangrezi: Swami Vivekananda, janm: 12 janavari, 1863, kalakatta; mrityu: 4 julaee, 1902 beloor) ek yuva sannyasi ke roop mean bharatiy sanskriti ki sugandh videshoan mean bikherane vale sahity, darshan aur itihas ke prakand vidvanh the. vivekanand ji ka mool nam 'nareandranath datt' tha, jo ki age chalakar svami vivekanand ke nam se vikhyat hue. yugaantarakari adhyatmik guru, jinhoanne hindoo dharm ko gatishil tatha vyavaharik banaya aur sudridh sabhyata ke nirman ke lie adhunik manav se pashchimi vijnan v bhautikavad ko bharat ki adhyatmik sanskriti se jo dane ka agrah kiya. kalakatta ke ek kulin parivar mean janme nareandranath chiantan, bhakti v tarkikata, bhautik evan bauddhik shreshthata ke sath-sath sangit ki pratibha ka ek vilakshan sanyog the. bharat mean svami vivekanand ke janm divas ko rashtriy yuva divas ke roop mean manaya jata hai.
jivan parichay
vishvanathadatt pashchaty sabhyata mean astha rakhane vale vyakti the. vishvanathadatt ke ghar mean utpann hone vala unaka putr narendradatt pashchaty jagath ko bharatiy tatvajnan ka sandesh sunane vala mahanh vishv-guru bana. svami vivekanand ka janm 12 janavari, 1863 mean kalakatta (vartaman kolakata), bharat mean hua. roma rolaan ne narendradatt (bhavi vivekanand) ke sambandh mean thik kaha hai- "unaka bachapan aur yuvavastha ke bich ka kal yorop ke punarujjivan-yug ke kisi kalakar rajapootr ke jivan-prabhat ka smaran dilata hai." bachapan se hi narendr mean adhyatmik pipasa thi. sanh 1884 mean pita ki mrityu ke pashchath parivar ke bharan-poshan ka bhar bhi unhian par p da. svami vivekanand garib parivar ke the. narendr ka vivah nahian hua tha. durbal arthik sthiti mean svayan bhookhe rahakar atithiyoan ke satkar ki gaurav-gatha unake jivan ka ujjval adhyay hai. narendr ki pratibha apoorv thi. unhoanne bachapan mean hi darshanoan ka adhyayan kar liya. brahmasamaj mean bhi ve gaye, par vahaan unaki jijnasa shant n huee. prakhar buddhi sadhana mean samadhan n pakar nastik ho chali.
shiksha
1879 mean 16 varsh ki ayu mean unhoanne kalakatta se pravesh pariksha pas ki. apane shiksha kal mean ve sarvadhik lokapriy aur ek jijnasu chhatr the. kintu harabart spensar[1] ke nastikavad ka un par poora prabhav tha. snatak upadhi prapt karane ke bad ve brahm samaj mean shamil hue, jo hindoo dharm mean sudhar lane tatha use adhunik banane ka prayas kar raha tha. svami vivekanand ki pratima|thumb|left
ramkrishna se bheant
yuvavastha mean unhean pashchaty darshanikoan ke nirishvar bhautikavad tatha eeshvar ke astitv mean dridh bharatiy vishvas ke karan gahare dvandv se guzarana p da. paramahans ji jaise jauhari ne ratn ko parakha. un divy mahapurush ke sparsh ne narendr ko badal diya. isi samay unaki bheant apane guru ramkrishna se huee, jinhoanne pahale unhean vishvas dilaya ki eeshvar vastav mean hai aur manushy eeshvar ko pa sakata hai. ramkrishna ne sarvavyapi paramasaty ke roop mean eeshvar ki sarvochch anubhooti pane mean nareandr ka margadarshan kiya aur unhean shiksha di ki seva kabhi dan nahian, balki sari manavata mean nihit eeshvar ki sachetan aradhana honi chahie. yah upadesh vivekanand ke jivan ka pramukh darshan ban gaya. kaha jata hai ki us shaktipat ke karan kuchh dinoan tak narendr unmatt-se rahe. unhean guru ne atmadarshan kara diya tha. pachis varsh ki avastha mean narendradatt ne kashayavastr dharan kiye. apane guru se prerit hokar nareandranath ne sannyasi jivan bitane ki diksha li aur svami vivekanand ke roop mean jane ge. jivan ke alok ko jagat ke andhakar mean bhatakate praniyoan ke samaksh unhean upasthit karana tha. svami vivekanand ne paidal hi poore bharat ki yatra ki.
desh ka punarnirman
ramkrishna ki mrityu ke bad unhoanne svayan ko himalay mean chiantanaroopi anand sagar mean dubane ki cheshta ki, lekin jaldi hi vah ise tyagakar bharat ki karunik nirdhanata se sakshatkar karane aur desh ke punarnirman ke lie samooche bharat mean bhraman par nikal p de. is dauran unhean kee dinoan tak bhookhe bhi rahana p da. in chhh varshoan ke bhraman kal mean vah rajaoan aur dalitoan, donoan ke atithi rahe. unaki yah mahanh yatra kanyakumari mean samapt huee, jahaan dhyanamagn vivekanand ko yah jnan prapt hua ki rashtriy punarnirman ki or rujhan vale ne bharatiy vairagiyoan aur sabhi atmaoan, visheshakar janasadharan ki supt divyata ke jagaran se hi is mritapray desh mean pranoan ka sanchar kiya ja sakata hai. bharat ke punarnirman ke prati unake lagav ne hi unhean aantatah 1893 mean shikago dharm sansad mean jane ke lie prerit kiya, jahaan vah bina amantran ke ge the, parishad mean unake pravesh ki anumati milani hi kathin ho gayi. unako samay n mile, isaka bharapoor prayatn kiya gaya. bhala, paradhin bharat kya sandesh dega- yoropiy varg ko to bharat ke nam se hi ghrina thi. ek amerikan prophesar ke udyog se kisi prakar samay mila aur 11 sitanbar sanh 1893 ke us din unake alaukik tatvajnan ne pashchaty jagat ko chauanka diya. amerika ne svikar kar liya ki vastut: bharat hi jagadguru tha aur rahega. svami vivekanand ne vahaan bharat aur hindoo dharm ki bhavyata sthapit karake zabaradast prabhav chho da. 'sistars aiand bradars aauf amerika' (ameriki bahanoan aur bhaiyo) ke sanbodhan ke sath apane bhashan ki shuruat karate hi 7000 pratinidhiyoan ne taliyoan ke sath unaka svagat kiya. vivekanand ne vahaan ekatr logoan ko sabhi manavoan ki anivary divyata ke prachin vedaantik sandesh aur sabhi dharmoan mean nihit ekata se parichit karaya. sanh 1896 tak ve amerika rahe. unhian ka vyaktitv tha, jisane bharat evan hindoo-dharm ke gaurav ko pratham bar videshoan mean jagrit kiya.
dharm evan tatvajnan ke saman bharatiy svatantrata ki prerana ka bhi unhoanne netritv kiya. svami vivekanand kaha karate the- 'maian koee tatvavetta nahian hooan. n to sant ya darshanik hi hooan. maian to garib hooan aur gariboan ka anany bhakt hooan. maian to sachcha mahatma use hi kahooanga, jisaka hriday gariboan ke liye t dapata ho.'
shishyoan ka samooh
thumb|svami vivekanand paanch varshoan se adhik samay tak unhoanne amerika ke vibhinn nagaroan, landan aur peris mean vyapak vyakhyan die. unhoanne jarmani, roos aur poorvi yoorop ki bhi yatraean kian. har jagah unhoanne vedaant ke sandesh ka prachar kiya. kuchh avasaroan par vah charam avastha mean pahuanch jate the, yahaan tak ki pashchim ke bhi d bhare sabhagaroan mean bhi. yahaan unhoanne samarpit shishyoan ka samooh banaya aur unamean se kuchh ko amerika ke 'thauzeand ailaiand park' mean adhyatmik jivan mean prashikshit kiya. unake kuchh shishyoan ne unaka bharat tak anusaran kiya. svami vivekanand ne vishv bhraman ke sath uttarakhand ke anek kshetroan mean bhi bhraman kiya jinamean almo da tatha champavat mean unaki vishram sthali ko dharohar ke roop mean surakshit kiya gaya hai.
vedaant dharm
1897 mean jab vivekanand bharat laute, to rashtr ne abhootapoorv utsah ke sath unaka svagat kiya aur unake dvara die ge vedaant ke manavatavadi, gatishil tatha prayogik sandesh ne hazaroan logoan ko prabhavit kiya. svami vivekanand ne sadiyoan ke alasy ko tyagane ke lie bharatiyoan ko prerit kiya aur unhean vishv neta ke roop mean ne atmavishvas ke sath uth kh de hone tatha dalitoan v mahilaoan ko shikshit karane tatha unake utthan ke madhyam se desh ko oopar uthane ka sandesh diya. svami vivekanand ne ghoshana ki ki sabhi karyoan aur sevaoan ko manav mean poornatah vyapt eeshvar ki param aradhana banakar vedaant dharm ko vyavaharik banaya jana zaroori hai. vah chahate haian ki bharat pashchimi deshoan mean bhi adhyatmikata ka prasar kare. svami vivekanand ne ghoshana ki ki sirf advait vedaant ke adhar par hi vijnan aur dharm sath-sath chal sakate haian, kyoanki isake mool mean avaiyaktik eeshvar ki adharabhoot dharana, sima ke aandar nihit anant aur brahmaand mean upasthit sabhi vastuoan ke parasparik maulik sanbandh ki drishti hai. unhoanne sabhyata ko manushy mean divyata ke pratiroop ke taur par paribhashit kiya aur yah bhavishyavani bhi ki ki ek din pashchim jivan ki anivary divyata ke vedaantik siddhant ki or akarshit hoga. vivekanand ke sandesh ne pashchim ke vishisht bauddhikoan, jaise viliyam jems, nikolas tesala, abhinetri sara barnahard aur madam emma kalv, eanglikan charch, landan ke dharmik chiantan revareand kainan vilvarafors, aur revareand hovis tatha sar paitrik gedes, haisianth l aauyasan, sar hairaim naiksim, nelsan r aaukafelar, lio t aaulst aauy v romyaan rolaan ko bhi prabhavit kiya. aangrez bharatavid e. el basham ne vivekanand ko itihas ka pahala vyakti bataya, jinhoanne poorv ki adhyatmik sanskriti ke mitratapoorn pratyuttar ka aranbh kiya aur unhean adhunik vishv ko akar dene vala ghoshit kiya.
masiha ke roop mean
arabiando ghosh, subhashachandr bos, sar jamashedaji tata, rabiandranath taigor tatha mahatma gaandhi jaise mahanh vyaktiyoan ne svami vivekanand ko bharat ki atma ko jagrit karane vala aur bharatiy rashtravad ke masiha ke roop mean dekha. vivekanand 'sarvabhaumikata' ke masiha ke roop mean ubhare. svami vivekanand pahale aantararashtravadi the, jinhoanne 'lig aauf neshans' ke janm se bhi pahale varsh 1897 mean aantarrashtriy sangathanoan, [[chitr:Vivekananda-Rock-Memorial.jpg|thumb|left|250px|vivekanand r aauk memoriyal, kanyakumari]] gathabandhanoan aur qanoonoan ka ahvan kiya, jisase rashtroan ke bich samanvay sthapit kiya ja sake.
atit ke jharokhe se
pashchim ko yog aur dhyan se parichit karane vale svami vivekanand ke bare mean vahaan kam hi log janate haian lekin bharat mean is bangali buddhijivi ka ab bhi bahut samman kiya jata hai. nyooy aaurk mean jahaan kabhi svami vivekanand rahate the, vo bibisi sanvadadata aimili byukanan ka hi ghar tha. bajari par kar ke tayaroan ki charamarahat, ane vale toophan ki ashanka aur havaoan ke sath jhoomate pe d. 1970 ke dashak mean aimili byukanan ke lie in batoan ke koee mayane nahian the. unaka nazariya hal mean us vakt badala jab inhean pata chala ki vah svami bharat ke sabase prabhavashali adhyatmik shikshakoan mean se ek the. svami vivekanand ne pashchim ko poorab ke darshan se parichit karaya tha. aimili byukanan ke parivar ne us jamane mean unhean apane ghar mean rahane ke lie amantrit kiya tha aur svami ji ke kam ke prakashan mean unaki sahayata ki thi. shikago mean hue dharmoan ke vishv sansad se unhean duniya bhar mean khyati mili. is dharm sansad mean vivekanand ne sahishnuta ke paksh mean aur dharmik hathadharmita ko khatm karane ka ahvan kiya. ajib ittafaq tha ki vah tarikh 11 sitanbar ki thi. ‘amerika ke bhaeeyoan aur bahanoan’ kahakar unhoanne apani bat shuroo ki thi. pravahapoorn aangrezi mean asaradar avaz ke sath bhashan de rahe us sannyasi ne gerooe rang ka choga pahan rakha tha. pag di pahane hue svami ki ek jhalak dekhane ke lie vahaan maujood log bahut utsah se kh de ho ge the. is bhashan se svami vivekanand ki lokapriyata badh gee aur unake vyakhyanoan mean bhi d um dane lagi. eeshvar ke bare mean yahoodivad aur eesaeeyat ke vicharoan ke adi ho chuke logoan ke lie yog aur dhyan ka vichar naya aur romaanchak tha. ramkrishna paramahans ki anuyayi kailiphorniyaee nan ko vahaan 'pravrajika gitaprana' ke nam se jana jata hai. vahaan ritrit seantar chala rahian pravrajika gitaprana ne aimili byukanan ko poori jagah dikhaee. ghar mean sath tahalate hue pravarajika ne bataya ki unaka bistar bharat bhej diya gaya hai lekin yah vahi kamara hai jahaan vo soya karate the, is bhojan kaksh mean vah khana khaya karate the. svami vivekanand bibisi sanvadadata aimili byukanan ki paradadi ko 'joee-joee' kaha karate the. vah umr bhar unaki dost aur anuyayi rahian. un dinoan kam hi dekha jata tha ki shvet mahilaean aur bharatiy ek sath yatraean karate hoan.[2]
svami vivekanand dvara sthapit
thumb|svami vivekanand vivekanand ne 1 mee 1897 mean kalakatta mean ramkrishna mishan aur 9 disanbar 1898 ko kalakatta ke nikat ganga nadi ke kinare beloor mean ramkrishna math ki sthapana ki. unake aangrez anuyayi kaiptan sarviyar aur unaki patni ne himalay mean 1899 mean 'mayavati advait ashram' khola. ise sarvabhaumik chetana ke advait drishtikon ke ek advitiy sansthan ke roop mean shuroo kiya gaya aur vivekanand ki ichchhanusar, ise unake poorvi aur pashchimi anuyayiyoan ka sammilan keandr banaya gaya. vivekanand ne beloor mean ek drishy pratik ke roop mean sabhi pramukh dharmoan ke vastushastr ke samanvay par adharit ramkrishna mandir ke bhavi akar ki rooparekha bhi banaee, jise 1937 mean unake sathi shishyoan ne poora kiya.
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granthoan ki rachana
'yog', 'rajayog' tatha 'jnanayog' jaise granthoan ki rachana karake vivekanand ne yuva jagat ko ek nee rah dikhaee hai, jisaka prabhav janamanas par yugoan-yugoan tak chhaya rahega. kanyakumari mean nirmit unaka smarak aj bhi unaki mahanata ki kahani kah raha hai.
mrityu
svami vivekanand ke ojasvi aur saragarbhit vyakhyanoan ki prasiddhi vishvabhar mean hai. jivan ke aantim din unhoanne shukl yajurved ki vyakhya ki aur kaha "ek aur vivekanand chahie, yah samajhane ke lie ki is vivekanand ne ab tak kya kiya hai." pratyadarshiyoan ke anusar jivan ke aantim din bhi unhoanne apane 'dhyan' karane ki dinacharya ko nahian badala aur prat: do tin ghante dhyan kiya. unhean dama aur sharkara ke atirikt any sharirik vyadhiyoan ne gher rakha tha. unhoanne kaha bhi tha, 'ye bimariyaan mujhe 40 varsh ke ayu bhi par nahian karane deangi.' 4 julaee, 1902 ko beloor mean ramkrishna math mean unhoanne dhyanamagn avastha mean mahasamadhi dharan kar pran tyag die. unake shishyoan aur anuyayiyoan ne unaki smriti mean vahaan ek mandir banavaya aur samooche vishv mean vivekanand tatha unake guru ramkrishna ke sandeshoan ke prachar ke lie 130 se adhik keandroan ki sthapana ki.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ HERBERT SPENCER
- ↑ byukanan, aimili. 'maian, meri dadi aur svami vivekanand' (hiandi) (pi.ech.pi) amar ujala. abhigaman tithi: 20 janavari, 2013.
bahari k diyaan
- bharat ke prakashapuanj the svami vivekanand
- aj ke daur mean svami vivekanand ki prasangikata...
- svami vivekanand ka shaikshik chiantan
- svami vivekanand ki vijnan drishti
- svami vivekanand ki pustakean
- svami vivekanand : manav seva evan sarvadharm samabhav
sanbandhit lekh