हर्यक वंश
haryak vansh (544 ee. poo. se 412 ee. poo. tak) ki sthapana bimbisar (544 ee. poo. se 493 ee. poo.) ne ki thi. isake sath hi rajanitik shakti ke roop mean bihar ka sarvapratham uday hua tha. bimbisar ko magadh samrajy ka vastavik sansthapak mana jata hai. usane girivraj (rajagir) ko apani rajadhani banaya tha. nagadashak 'haryak vansh' ka aantim shasak tha. usake amaty[1] shishunag ne 412 ee. poo. mean nagadashak ki nirbalata se labh uthakar gaddi par adhikar kar liya aur 'shishunag vansh' ki sthapana ki.
haryak vanshi shasak
- bimbisar (544 ee. poo. se 493 ee. poo.)
- ajatashatru (493 ee.poo. se 461 ee.poo.)
- udayin (461 ee.poo. se 445 ee.poo.)
- aniruddh
- mandak
- nagadashak
bimbisar
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
haryak vansh ke sansthapak bimbisar ka upanam 'shrenik' tha. haryak vansh ke log nagavansh ki hi ek upashakha the. bimbisar ne kaushal evan vaishali ke raj parivaroan se vaivahik sambandh qayam kiya. usaki pahali patni 'mahakoshala' prasenajit ki bahan thi, jisase use kashi nagar ka rajasv prapt hua. usaki doosari patni 'chellana' vaishali ke lichchhavi pramukh chetak ki bahan thi. isake pashchath usane madr desh[2] ki rajakumari 'kshema' ke sath apana vivah kar madroan ka sahayog aur samarthan prapt kiya. 'mahabagg' mean samrat bimbisar ki 500 patniyoan ka ullekh hai. kushal prashasan ki avashyakata par sarvapratham bimbisar ne hi zor diya tha. bauddh sahity mean usake kuchh padadhikariyoan ke nam milate haian. inamean se pramukh nimnalikhit haian-
- sabbanthak mahamatt (sarvamahapatr) - yah samany prashasan ka pramukh padadhikari hota tha.
- boharik mahamatt (vyavaharik mahamatr) - yah pradhan nyayik adhikari athava nyayadhish hota tha.
- senanayak mahamatt - yah sena ka pradhan adhikari hota tha.
bimbisar svayan shasan ki samasyaoan mean ruchi leta tha. 'mahabagg jatak' mean kaha gaya hai ki usaki rajasabha mean 80 hazar gramoan ke pratinidhi bhag lete the. vah jain tatha brahman dharm ke prati bhi sahishnu tha. jain granth use apane mat ka poshak manate haian. 'dirdhanikay' se pata chalata hai ki bimbisar ne champa ke prasiddh brahman sonadand ko vahaan ki poori amadani dan mean de di thi. puranoan ke anusar bimbisar ne qarib 32 varsh tak shasan kiya. bimbisar mahatma buddh ka mitr evan sanrakshak tha. rajagrih namak navin nagar ki sthapana bimbisar ne karavaee thi. usaka avanti se achchha sambandh tha, kyoanki jab avanti ke raja pradyot bimar the, to bimbisar ne apane vaidy jivak ko usake pas bheja tha. bimbisar ne aang aur champa ko jita aur vahaan par apane putr ajatashatru ko uparaja niyukt kiya tha.
ajatashatru
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
'vinayapitak' se jnat hota hai ki buddh se milane ke bad bimbisar ne bauddh dharm grahan kar liya aur beluvan namak udyan buddh tatha sangh ke nimitt kar diya tha. antim samay mean ajatashatru ne apane pita bimbisar ki hatya 493 ee. poo. mean kar di aur sianhasan par adhikar jama liya. ajatashatru ka upanam 'kunik' tha. vah jain dharm ka anuyayi tha. usane lagabhag 32 sal tak shasan kiya. ajatashatru ki hatya usake putr udayin ne 461 ee. poo. mean kar di.
bauddh granthoan ke anusar udayin ke tin putr the- 'aniruddh', 'mandak' aur 'nagadashak' the. udayin ke in tinoan putroan ne rajy kiya tha. haryak vansh ka antim raja nagadashak tha. nagadashak ke putr shishunag ne 412 ee. poo. mean unhean hata kar 'shishunag vansh' ki sthapana ki.[3] kuchh itihasakaroan ke anusar shishunag apane raja nagadashak ka amaty tha. kyoanki nagadashak atyant vilasi aur nirbal siddh hua tha, isilie shasan tantr mean shithilata ke karan vyapak asantosh janata mean phail gaya. isi samay rajy vidroh kar amaty shishunag ne sianhasan par adhikar kar liya raja ban gaya. is prakar haryak vansh ka ant hua aur 'shishunag vansh ki sthapana huee.
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