हिन्दू विवाह अधिनियम 1955
hindoo vivah adhiniyam 1955 bharatiy sansad dvara varsh 1955 mean hianduoan, khasakar unake lie vivah ki sanstha, isaki vaidhata, sthitiyoan ke bich niji jivan ko viniyamit karane ke irade se banaya gaya tha. smritikal se hi hianduoan mean vivah ko ek pavitr sanskar mana gaya hai aur hiandoo vivah adhiniyam 1955 mean bhi isako isi roop mean banae rakhane ki cheshta ki gee hai. kiantu vivah, jo pahale ek pavitr evan atoot bandhan tha, adhiniyam ke aantargat, aisa nahian rah gaya hai. kuchh vidhi vicharakoan ki drishti mean yah vicharadhara ab shithil p d gee hai. ab yah janm janmaantar ka sanbandh athava bandhan nahian varanh vishesh paristhitiyoan ke utpann hone par, (adhiniyam ke aantargat) vaivahik sanbandh vighatit kiya ja sakata hai. adhiniyam ki dhara 10 ke anusar nyayik prithakkaran nimn adharoan par nyayalay se prapt ho sakata hai :
- tyag 2 varsh, nirdayata (sharirik evan manasik), kusht rog (1 varsh), ratijarog (3 varsh), vikritiman (2 varsh) tatha parapurush athava par-stri-gaman (ek bar mean bhi) adhiniyam ki dhara 13 ke anusar - sansarg, dharmaparivartan, pagalapan (3 varsh), kusht rog (3 varsh), ratij rog (3 varsh), sannyas, mrityu nishkarsh (7 varsh), par naiyayik prithakkaran ki dikri pas hone ke do varsh bad tatha daanpatyadhikar pradan karane vali dikri pas hone ke do sal bad 'sanbandhavichchhed' prapt ho sakata hai.
- striyoan ko nimn adharoan par bhi sanbandhavichchhed prapt ho sakata hai; yatha dvivivah, balatkar, puanmaithun tatha pashumaithun.
- dhara 11 evan 12 ke aantargat nyayalay 'vivahashoonyata' ki ghoshana kar sakata hai. vivah pravrittihin ghoshit kiya ja sakata hai, yadi doosara vivah sapiand aur nishiddh gotr mean kiya gaya ho (dhara 11).
- napuansakata, pagalapan, manasik durbalata, chhal evan kapat se anumati prapt karane par ya patni ke any purush se (jo usaka pati nahian hai) garbhavati hone par vivah vivarjy ghoshit ho sakata hai. (dhara 12).
- adhiniyam dvara ab hiandoo vivah pranali mean nimnaankit parivartan kie ge haian
- ab har hiandoo stripurush doosare hiandoo stripurush se vivah kar sakata hai, chahe vah kisi jati ka ho.
- ekavivah tay kiya gaya hai. dvivivah amany evan dandaniy bhi hai.
- nyayik prithakkaran, vivah-sanbandh-vichchhed tatha vivahashoonyata ki dikri ki ghoshana ki vyavastha ki gee hai.
- pravrittihin tatha vivarjy vivah ke bad aur dikri pas hone ke bich utpann santan ko vaidh ghoshit kar diya gaya hai. parantu isake lie dikri ka pas hona avashyak hai.
- nyayalayoan par yah vaidhanik kartavy niyat kiya gaya hai ki har vaivahik jhag de mean samadhan karane ka pratham prayas karean.
- bad ke bich ya sanbandhavichchhed par nirvahavyay evan nirvah bhatta ki vyavastha ki gee hai.
- nyayalayoan ko is bat ka adhikar de diya gaya hai ki avayask bachchoan ki dekh rekh evan bharan poshan ki vyavastha kare.
vidhivettaoan ka yah vichar hai ki hiandoo vivah ke siddhaant evan pratha mean parivartan karane ki jo avashyakata upasthit huee hai usaka karan sanbhavat: yah hai ki hiandoo samaj ab pashchaty sabhyata evan sanskriti se adhik prabhavit hua hai. adhiniyam mean nee vicharadharaoan ko grahan karane ka prayas to suandar kiya gaya hai kiantu usase anek jatilataean utpann ho gee haian. isalie yah anubhav kiya ja raha hai ki hiandoo samaj unako apanane mean jhijhak raha hai[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh