1857 क्रांति कथा -राही मासूम रज़ा
1857 kraanti katha -rahi masoom raza
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| lekhak | rahi masoom raza |
| mool shirshak | 1857 kraanti katha |
| prakashak | vani prakashan |
| prakashan tithi | 1965 |
| ISBN | 81-7055-659-7 |
| desh | bharat |
| prishth: | 227 |
| bhasha | hiandi |
| vishay | samajik aur deshabhakti |
| prakar | upanyas |
| vishesh | yah '1857' nam se likha gaya urdoo mahakavy hai, jo bad mean hindi mean '1857 kraanti katha' nam se prakashit hua. |
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urdoo mean ek mahakavy '1857' jo bad mean hindi mean 'kraanti katha' nam se prakashit hua. jab khud ko urdoo ka karta-dharta manane vale kuchh logoan se is bat par bahas ho gee ki yah hindustani zaban sirph pharasi rasmulakhat mean hi likhi ja sakati hai to rahi ne devanagari lipi mean likhana shuroo kiya aur aantim samay tak ve isi lipi mean hi likhate rahe.
- paristhitiyaan
kranti-katha urph 1957 mean jab pratham svadhinata sangram ka shatabdi samaroh manaya gaya us avasar par rahi masoom raza ka mahakavy ‘atharah sau sattavan’ prakashit hua tha. us samay itihasakaroan mean 1857 ke charitr ko lekar bahut vivad tha. bahut se itihasakar use samanti vyavastha ki punahsthapana ka andolan man rahe the. unamean kuchh to is sima tak bat kar rahe the ki bharatiy samant apane khoye hue rajyoan ko prapt karane ki l daee l d rahe the. unhoanne bharatiy sipahiyoan aur kisanoan ko dharmik nare dekar apane sath kiya. 1857 ke bare mean yah ek satahi aur yaantrik samajh thi. vastav mean vah aangrejoan ke viruddh bharatiy janata ka mahasangram tha. is andolan mean kisan aur karigar apane hitoan ki l daee l d rahe the. itihasakar airik stok ne likha hai ki mool kisan bhavana kar vasool karane valoan ke viruddh thi. unase mukti pane ki thi. chahe unaka koee roop, rang ya rashtriyata ho.[1] jahaan-jahaan british shasan samapt hua tha, vahaan satta vidrohi jamiandaroan aur kisanoan ke hathoan mean pahuanch gayi. kisan is satta mean barabar ke sharik the. isake sath hi bharatiy karigaroan ki maangean bhi is vidroh ke ghoshana-patr mean shamil thian. agast 1857 ke ghoshana-patr mean vidrohi rajakumar firojashah ne spasht karate hue kaha tha - 'bharat mean aangreji vastuoan ko lakar yoorop ke logoan ne julahoan, darjiyoan, badhee, luharoan aur joota banane valoan ko rozagar se bahar kar diya hai aur unake peshoan ko h dap liya hai. is prakar pratyek deshi dastakar bhikhari ki dasha mean pahuanch gaya hai.'[2]
- uddeshy
vidrohiyoan mean uddeshyoan ko lekar alag-alag ray thi lekin isaka janacharitr bhi rekhaankit kiya jana chahie. avadh mean purane rajadarabar ki bhasha farasi ki jagah hindustani ka prayog kiya gaya tha jisamean amane-samane urdoo aur hindi donoan path diye gaye haian. 6 julaee 57 ko ‘birajis kadar’ nam se jari kiya gaya ishtaharanama desh ke am janata aur jamiandaroan ko sambodhit kiya gaya tha jisamean bahut saral bhasha ka prayog tha aur ek samany bhasha ki khoj ka yah pahala prayas hai. shayad yah bhasha niti chalati to desh mean urdoo-hindi ka vivad n hota. aj dhuandhalaka saf hai. 1857 ke antarvirodhoan se gujarate hue itihasakar ise svatantrata ka pahala sangram man rahe haian. lekin rahi ke samane uddeshy spasht the - yah l daee videshi shasakoan ke viruddh thi. ise hindoo-musalaman donoan milakar l d rahe the. isamean samantoan ke sath kisan-mazadoor aur karigar sabase mahattvapoorn bhoomika ka nirvah kar rahe the. ve desh mean apana rajy qayam karana chahate the jisamean ve samman ke sath ji sakean. rahi ke lie yah sangram bharatiy svabhiman ka sangharsh tha. desh ki asmita ka saval tha. phir ek aisi samany bhasha 1857 mean paida ho rahi thi jo desh ki rajabhasha ke roop mean vikasit ho sakati thi. vah janabhashaoan se bhi shabd chayan kar rahi thi. farasi, sanskrit, arabi, hindi-urdoo ka bhi is bhasha ke vikas mean yogadan tha. rahi isase chintit nahian hai ki yadi vidrohi jit jate to shasan ka svaroop kya hota. ve ashvast haian ki nishchit hi isaka charitr janavirodhi nahian hota. bharatiy samantoan ka vah varchasv nahian hota jo 1857 se pahale tha. rahi ko desh ke bhavishy nirman mean kisanoan, mazadooroan aur karigaroan ki bhoomika par bahut bharosa hai. rahi aksar kahate the ki hindoo-musalaman yadi desh ki samasyaoan ke samadhan ke lie sangharsh karean to ye desh sarvoshikhar pahuanch jae. 1857 mean is janekata se rahi bahut prabhavit the. ve sabase adhik prabhavit mahilaoan ki bhoomika se the. pahali bar bharat ki striyoan ne apani pratibha, tyag aur balidan se ek naya itihas banaya. 1857 mean unhoanne khali begam hajarat mahal ki bhoomika ka hi chitran nahian kiya hai, sabase adhik mahattv rani lakshmibaee tatha unaki sahayogi sadharan striyoan ko diya hai. ye sadharan striyaan abhootapoorv sanghatan kshamata, bahaduri tatha balidan ka pradarshan karati haian aur un logoan par chot karati haian jo stri ko dvitiy shreni ka nagarik samajhate haian. rahi ne apane mahakavy mean sadharanajan ke sath in striyoan ke shaury aur parakram ka bahut jivant chitran kiya hai:
sochata ja raha hai musafir
girati divarean phir ban sakeangi
thaliyaan khil-khilakar hanseangi
pooriyaan phir ghar mean chhan sakeangi.
naj ayega khetoan se ghar mean
khet chhooteange baniye ke ghar se
git gaooanga us rah gujar par
sharm ati hai jis rah gujar se
rani lakshmibaee par rahi ne apane mahakavy mean 40 prishth likhe haian. shayad itani lambi kavita hindi ke kisi kavi ne nahian likhi, subhadra kumari chauhan ne rani ke oopar ek kavita likhi jo atyant lokapriy huee. rahi ne rani ke har paksh ka varnan kiya hai.
- bhasha
rahi ne yah mahakavy 1957 mean urdoo bhasha mean likha tha. urdoo mean to koee mahakavy hai nahian lekin hindi mean bhi 1857 ke mahasamar par koee is tarah ka mahakavy nahian hai, natak aur upanyas to haian. 1965 mean ye hindi mean chhapa jisaki prastavana prasiddh vidvanh d aau. sampoornanand ne likhi thi. unhoanne aprail 1965 mean likha tha ki ‘is pustak ka uddeshy hai suno bhaiyo-suno bhaiyo, katha suno-1857 ki. sach to yah hai ki us uddeshy ko bahut achchhi tarah nibhaya gaya hai. lakhanoo, jhaansi aur jahaan-jahaan uttar pradesh ke khet rahe- sabaka varnan bahut hi marmasparshi shabdoan mean kiya gaya hai. mujhe vishvas hai hindi bhashi jagath is pustak ka samadar karega?’ lekin d aau. sampoornanand ki yah asha hindi jagath ne nirasha mean badal di. rahi aur usake mahakavy ki ghor upeksha hua. mamooli kaviyoan ko mahakavi siddh kiya gaya aur rahi jaise log upeksha ke shikar hue. rahi ke kranti-katha urph ‘atharah sau sattavan’ ko bhi yad karana avashyak hai.
- rahi ke shabdoan mean
is bat ko taja karane ke lie hindustani tavarikh ne mujhe 1857 se behatar koee misal nahian di isalie maianne 1857 ka intakhab kiya. lekin 1857 ki is najam ka maujooan nahian hai. isaka mauanjooan ka koee san nahian hai isaka mauanjooan insan hai. sukarat zahar pi sakata hai, ibne mariyam ko samaloob kiya ja sakata hai, brono ko zinda jalaya ja sakata hai, aivast ki talash mean kee karavaan gum ho sakate haian lekin sukarat harata nahian, eesa ki shikast nahian hoti, brono sabit qadam rakhata hai aur aivarest ka guroor toot jata hai. maianne yah najam chand kitaboan ki madad se apane kamare mean baithakar nahian likhi hai. maianne is l daee ki shirakat ki hai, maianne jam lagaye haian, maian darakht par latakaya gaya hooan, mujhe murda samajhakar giddhoan ne nocha hai. maianne us bebasi ko mahasoos kiya hai jab adami giddhoan se aur gid doan se bachane ke lie apana jism nahian hila sakata hai jab aankhoan se bepanah khauf bepanah bebasi jhalakane lagati hai. maianne us khauph ko bhi mahasoos kiya hai jise topadam hone se pahale hindustani sipahiyoan ne kiya hoga. maianne us divanagi ke din gujare haian jisamean chand hindustani sipahiyoan ne kisi makan mean kilaband hokar aangrejoan ke lashkar ko rokane ka hausala kiya tha. - rahi masoom raza
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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