सिंहासन बत्तीसी

sianhasan battisi ek lokakatha sangrah hai. maharaja vikramadity bharatiy lokakathaoan ke ek bahut hi charchit patr rahe haian. prachinakal se hi unake gunoan par prakash dalane vali kathaoan ki bahut hi samriddh parampara rahi hai. sianhasan battisi bhi 32 kathaoan ka sangrah hai jisamean 32 putaliyaan vikramadity ke vibhinn gunoan ka katha ke roop mean varnan karati haian.

itihas

sianhasan battisi sanbhavat: sanskrit ki rachana hai jo uttari sanskaran mean sianhasanadvatrianshati tatha "vikramacharit" ke nam se dakshini sanskaran mean upalabdh hai. pahale ke sanskarta ek muni kahe jate haian jinaka nam kshebhendr tha. bangal mean vararuchi ke dvara prastut sanskaran bhi isi ke samarup mana jata hai. isaka dakshini rup jyada lokapriy hua ki lok bhashaoan mean isake anuvad hote rahe aur pauranik kathaoan ki tarah bharatiy samaj mean maukhik parampara ke rup mean rach-bas ge. inake rachanakal ke bare mean kuchh nahian kaha ja sakata hai. itana lagabhag tay hai ki inaki rachana dhara ke raja bhoj ke samay mean nahian huee. chooanki pratyek katha raja bhoj ka ullekh karati hai, at: isaka rachana kal 11vian shatabdi ke bad hoga. ise dvatrianshatputtalika ke nam se bhi jana jata hai.

katha

bahut dinoan ki bat hai. ujjain nagari mean raja bhoj nam ka ek raja raj karata tha. vah b da dani aur dharmatma tha. nyay aisa karata ki doodh aur pani alag-alag ho jaye. usake raj mean sher aur bakari ek ghat pani pite the. praja sab tarah se sukhi thi.

nagari ke pas hi ek khet tha, jisamean ek adami ne tarah–tarah ki belean aur sag-bhajiyaan laga rakkhi thian.

ek bar ki bat hai ki khet mean b di achchhi phasal huee. khoob tarakariyaan utarian, lekin khet ke bichoan-bich tho di-si jamin khali rah gee. bij us par dale the, par jame nahian. so khet vale ne kya kiya ki vahaan khet ki rakhavali ke lie ek machan bana liya. par us par vah jaisean hi chadha ki laga chillane- "koee hai? raja bhoj ko pak d lao aur saja do."

hote-hote yah bat raja ke kanoan mean pahuanchi.

raja ne kaha: mujhe us khet par le chalo. maian sari batean apani aankhoan se dekhana aur kanoan se sunana chahata hooan.

log raja ko le gaye. khet par pahuanchate hi dekhate kya haian ki vah adami machan par kh da hai aur kah raha hai- "raja bhoj ko phauran pak d lao aur mera raj usase le lo. jao, jaldi jao."

yah sunakar raja ko b da dar laga. vah chupachap mahal mean lauta aya. phikr ke mare use ratabhar niand nahian ayi. jyoan-tyoan rat bitaee. savera hote hi usane apane rajy ke jyotishiyoan aur panditoan ko ikattha kiya unhoanne hisab lagakar bataya ki us machan ke niche dhan chhipa hai. raja ne usi samay ajna di ki us jagah ko khudavaya jay.

khodate-khodate jab kaphi mitti nikal gee to achanak logoan ne dekha ki niche ek sianhasan hai. unake acharaj ka thikana n raha. raja ko khabar mili to usane use bahar nikalane ko kaha, lekin lakhoan majadooroan ke jor lagane par bhi vah sianhasan

sianhasan ke charoan or ath-ath putaliyaan kh di thian.

sianhasan tas-se mas-n hua. tab ek pandit ne bataya ki yah sianhasan devataoan ka banaya hua hai. apani jagah se tab tak nahian hatega jab tak ki isako koee bali n di jay.

raja ne aisa hi kiya. bali dete hi sihaansan aise oopar uth aya, mano phooloan ka ho. raja b da khush hua. usane kaha ki ise saph karo. saphaee ki gee. vah sianhasan aisa chamak utha ki apane muanh dekh lo. usamean bhaanti-bhaanti ke ratn j dean the, jinaki chamak se aankhean chaudhiyati thian. sianhasan ke charoan or ath-ath putaliyaan bani thian. unake hath mean kamal ka ek-ek phool tha. kahian-kahian sianhasan ka rang big d gaya tha. kahian kahian se ratn nikal gaye the. raja ne hukm diya ki khajane se rupaya lekar use thik karao.

thik hone mean paanch mahine lage. ab sianhasan aisa ho gaya tha. ki jo bhi dekhata, dekhata hi rah jata. putaliyaan aisi lagati, mano abhi bol utheangi.

raja ne panditoan ko bulaya aur kaha: tum log koee achchha muhoort nikalo. usi din maian is sianhasan par baithooanga.

ek din tay kiya gaya. door-door tak logoan ko nimantran bheje gaye. tarah-tarah ke baje bajane lage, mahaloan mean khushiyaan manaee jane lagian.

sab logoan ke samane raja sianhasan ke pas jakar kh de ho gaye. lekin jaise hi unhoanne apana dahina pair badhakar sianhasan par rakhana chaha ki sab-ki-sab putaliyaan khilakhila kar hans p di. logoan ko b da achanbha hua ki ye bejan putaliyaan kaise hans p di. raja ne dar ke mare apana pair khianch liya aur putaliyoan se bola, "o putaliyoan! sach-sach bataoan ki tum kyoan hansi?"

pahali putali ka nam tha. ratnamanjari.

raja ki bat sunakar vah boli: rajan! ap b de tejasvi haian, dhani haian, balavan haian, lekin ghamand karana thik nahian. suno! jis raja ka yah sihaansan hai, usake yahaan tum jaise to hajaroan naukar-chakar the.

yah sunakar raja ag-baboola ho gaya.

raja bola: maian abhi is sihaansan ko to dakar mitti mean mila dooanga.

putali ne shaanti se kaha: maharaj! jis din raja vikramadity se ham alag huee usi din hamare bhagy phoot gaye, hamare lie sianhasan dhool mean mil gaya.

raja ka gussa door ho gaya.

unhoanne kaha: putali rani! tumhari bat meri samajh mean nahian ayi. saph-saph kaho.

putali ne kaha: achchha suno.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah