खनिज संसाधन

khanij sampada ki upalabdhata ki drishti se bharat ki ganana vishv ke khanij sansadhan sampann deshoan mean ki jati hai. chooanki bharat ki bhoogarbhik sanrachana mean prachin dridh bhookhandoan ka yogadan hai, atah yahaan lagabhag sabhi prakar ke khanijoan ki prapti hoti hai. ek taraph yahaan par loha, maianganij, tangstan, taanba, sisa, jasta, b aauksait, sona, chaandi, ilmenait, bairait, maignesait, silemainait, tin adi dhatvik khanij milate haian, to doosari taraph adhatvik khanijoan jaise - abhrak, esabestas, payarait, namak, jipsam, hira, kainait, imarati patthar, sangamaramar, choona patthar, vibhinn prakar ki mittiyaan adi bhi milate haian. anushakti ke khanijoan yatha - yooreniyam, thoriyam, ilmainait, beriliyam, jirak aaun, surama, grephait adi bhi bharat mean yatr-tatr milate haian. prakritik shakti sadhanoan mean koyala, khanij tel tatha prakritik gais ki bhi prapti sthaliy evan apatat kshetroan mean hoti hai.

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bharat mean khanij kshetr

bharat ke khanij kshetr ko nimnalikhit bhagoan mean baanta ja sakata hai.

uttari poorvi prayadvipiy kshetr

yah kshetr bharatiy khanij ki drishti se sarvadhik mahattvapoorn hai. ise ‘bharatiy khanij ka hady sthal’ kaha jata hai. yah arkiyan shild kshetr hai jisaka sanpoorn bhag u disa ka pathar, chhotanagapur ka pathar, chhattisagadh ka uttari bhag adi se bana hai. yahaan ka mukhy khanijoan mean koyala, loha, maianganij, abhrak, taanba, b aauksait adi bahutayat mean milate haian. is kshetr mean kainait 100 pratishat, lauh ayask 93 pratishat, koyala 84 pratishat, kromait 70 pratishat adi milate haian.

madhy kshetr

yah bharat ka doosara sarvadhik mahattvapoorn khanij kshetr hai. isaka vistar madhy pradesh, chhattisagadh aandhr pradesh aur poorvi maharashtr ke kshetr tak hai. is kshetr mean mukhyatah maianganij, b aauksait, koyala, lauh ayask, grephait, choona patthar adi paye jate haian.

dakshin kshetr

is kshetr mean karnatak ka pathar aur tamilanadu ka uchch kshetr shamil haian. yahaan lauh ayask, maianganij, kromait adi khanij prapt hote haian. is kshetr mean nevali ke lignait ko chho dakar koyala, taanba evan abhrak ki upalabdhata nagany hai.

dakshin-pashchim kshetr

dakshini karnatak aur gova is kshetr mean ate haian. yahaan par naranet, lauh ayask, tatha kle milate haian.

uttari pashchimi kshetr

is kshetr ke aantargat aravali ke kshetr tatha gujarat ke bhag ate haian. ise yooreniyam, abhrak, stiyarait tatha khanij tel ke kshetr ke roop mean jana jata hai. yahaan samanyatah alauh khanijean, jinamean mukhy roop se taanba, sisa, jasta, adi shamil haian, milati haian.

anushakti ke khanij

bharat mean koyala, khanij tel tatha jal vidyut shakti ke oorja sansadhano ki kami ko dekhate hue anu shakti par zor diya ja raha hai. yah oorja ka ek aisa srot hai jisamean kam matra mean khanij vishesh ka prayog karake mazaboot surakshatmak upay apanakar atyadhik oorja prapt ki ja sakati hai. bharat mean milane vale anu shakti ke pramukh khanij evan unaka vitaran nimn prakar haian-

1. thoriyam
2. monajait
3. yooreniyam
4. beriliyam
5. jirak aaun
6. vainediyam
7. molibdenam
8. entimoni

bharatiy khanij sampada ki sthiti

vishv mean khanij ki prapti ki drishti se bharat mean kuchh khanijoan ki prapti bahutayat se hati hai to kuchh matr avashyakata bhar ke lie hi upalabdh hotean hai. isake alava kuchh khanij hai. jinaki bharat mean kami hai aur jinaki avashyakata poorti ayat dvara hi aisa sambhav ho pati hai. khanij sampada ki vartaman sthiti niman prakar hai-

1. lauh ayask, abhrak, durlabh mridaean, titainiyam ayask tatha thoriyam ayask ke utpadan mean bharat ka vishv mean mahattavapoorn sthan hai.
2. b aauksait, maignesait, grenait, korandam, maianganij, silika, silimenait, kainait tatha stichatait ki prapti deya mean bahutayat se hoti haian.
3. elyoominiyam, entimoni (surama), araronik, kromiyam ayask, koyala, sisa, jipsam, beraits, laimaston, dolamait, sodiyam lavan, sangamaramar, yooreniyam, jirikoniyam, bainidiyam, vibhinn prakar ke patthar adi khanij padartho mean bharat atmanirbhar haian.
4. potash, kaidamiyam, bismath, pletinam, grephait, para (markari), nikil, kobalt, ph aausphoras, chaandi, salphar, tin, jiank, tangstan, emphalt, sisa adi ki bharat mean kami hai, jise videshoan se ayat kiya jata hai.
5. bharat mean samarik mahattav ke 26 khanijoan ki prapti hoti hai, jinamean ailuminiyam, koyala, kromiyam, entimoni, taanba, maianganij, maigrishiyam, abhrak, molibdenam, taintelam, taiteniyam, yooreniyam, thoriyam, vainediyam, pletinam, potash, sisa, para, tin, jiank, nikil, grephait, salphar, tangstanadi shamil haian.
6. samarik mahattav ke 10 khanijoan ki matra bharat me aparyapt hai. inaki kami ko ayat dvara poora kiya jata hai. ye khanij haian- tangstan, pletinam, jiank, grephait, sisa, salphar, potash, para (markari) tin tatha nikil.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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