भारद्वाज
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thumb|250px|maharshi bharadvaj maharshi bharadvaj rrigved ke chhathe mandal ke drashta kah gaye haian. is mandal mean bharadvaj ke 765 mantr haian. atharvaved mean bhi bharadvaj ke 23 mantr milate haian. vaidik rrishiyoan mean bharadvaj-rrishi ka ati uchch sthan hai. bharadvaj ke pita brihaspati aur mata mamata thian.
bharadvaj ka vansh
rrishi bharadvaj ke putroan mean 10 rrishi rrigved ke mantr drashta haian aur ek putri jisaka nam 'ratri' tha, vah bhi ratri sookt ki mantradrashta mani gayi hai. bharadvaj ke mantradrashta putroan ke nam haian- rrijishva, garg, nar, payu, vasu, shas, shirambith, shunahotr, saprath aur suhotr. rrigved ki sarvanukramani ke anusar 'kashipa' bharadvaj ki putri kahi gayi hai. is prakar rrishi bharadvaj ki 12 santane mantradrashta rrishiyoan ki koti mean sammanit thian. bharadvaj rrishi ne b de gahan anubhav kiye the. unaki shiksha ke ayam ativyapak the.
bharadvaj ki shiksha
- bharadvaj ne indr se vyakaran-shastr ka adhyayan kiya tha aur use vyakhya sahit anek rrishiyoan ko padhaya tha. 'rriktantr' aur 'aitarey brahman' donoan mean isaka varnan hai.
- bharadvaj ne indr se ayurved padha tha, aisa charak rrishi ne likha hai. apane is ayurved ke gahan adhyayan ke adhar par bharadvaj ne ayurved-sanhita ki rachana bhi ki thi.
- bharadvaj ne maharshi bhrigu se dharmashastr ka upadesh prapt kiya aur 'bharadvaj-smriti' ki rachana ki. mahabharat, [1] tatha hemadri ne isaka ullekh kiya hai. paancharatr-bhakti-sampraday mean prachalit hai ki sampraday ki ek sanhita 'bharadvaj-sanhita' ke rachanakar bhi rrishi bharadvaj hi the.
- mahabharat, shantiparv ke anusar rrishi bharadvaj ne 'dhanurved'- par pravachan kiya tha. [2] vahaan yah bhi kaha gaya hai ki rrishi bharadvaj ne 'rajashastr' ka pranayan kiya tha. [3] kautily ne apane poorv mean hue arthashastr ke rachanakaroan mean rrishi bharadvaj ko samman se svikara hai.
- rrishi bharadvaj ne 'yantr-sarvasv' namak brihadh granth ki rachana ki thi. is granth ka kuchh bhag svami brahmamuni ne 'viman-shastr' ke nam se prakashit karaya hai. is granth mean uchch aur nimn star par vicharane vale vimanoan ke liye vividh dhatuoan ke nirman ka varnan hai.
- is prakar ek sath vyakaranashastr, dharmashastr, shiksha-shastr, rajashastr, arthashastr, dhanurved, ayurved aur bhautik vijnanavetta rrishi bharadvaj the- ise unake granth aur any granthoan mean diye unake granthoan ke uddharan hi pramanit karate haian.
- unaki shiksha ke vishay mean ek manoranjak ghatana taittiriy brahman-granth mean milati hai. ghatana ka varnan is prakar hai- bharadvaj ne sampoorn vedoan ke adhyayan ka yatn kiya. dridh ichchha-shakti aur kathor tapasya se indr ko prasann kiya. bharadvaj ne prasann hue indr se adhyayan hetu sau varsh ki ayu maangi. bharadvaj adhyayan karate rahe. sau varsh poore ho gaye. adhyayan ki lagan se prasann hokar dubara indr ne phir var maangane ko kaha, to bharadvaj ne pun: sau varsh adhyayan ke liye aur maanga. indr ne sau varsh pradan kiye. is prakar adhyayan aur varadan ka kram chalata raha. bharadvaj ne tin sau varshoan tak adhyayan kiya. isake bad pun: indr ne upasthit hokar kaha-'he bharadvaj! yadi maian tumhean sau varsh aur de dooan to tum unase kya karoge?' bharadvaj ne saralata se uttar diya, 'maian vedoan ka adhyayan karooanga.' indr ne tatkal baloo ke tin paha d kh de kar diye, phir unamean se ek mutthi ret hathoan mean lekar kaha-'bharadvaj, samajho ye tin ved haian aur tumhara tin sau varshoan ka adhyayan yah mutthi bhar ret hai. ved anant haian. tumane ayu ke tin sau varshoan mean jitana jana hai, usase n jana hua atyadhik hai.' at: meri bat par dhyan do- 'agni hai sab vidyaoan ka svaroop. at: agni ko hi jano. use jan lene par sab vidyaoan ka jnan svat: ho jayaga, isake bad indr ne bharadvaj ko savitry-agni-vidya ka vidhivat jnan karaya. bharadvaj ne us agni ko janakar usase amrit-tattv prapt kiya aur svargalok mean jakar adity se sayujy prapt kiya'.[4]
- indr dvara agni-tattv ka sakshatkar kiya, jnan se tadatmy kiya aur tanmay hokar rachanaean kian.
- ayurved ke prayogoan mean ye param nipun the. isiliye unhoanne rrishiyoan mean sabase adhik ayu prapt ki thi. ve brahmanagranthoan mean 'dirghajivitam' pad se sabase adhik lambi ayu vale rrishi gine gaye haian.[5]
- charak rrishi ne bharadvaj ko 'aparimit' ayu vala kaha.[6]
- bharadvaj rrishi kashiraj divodas ke purohit the. ve divodas ke putr pratardan ke purohit the aur phir pratardan ke putr kshatr ka bhi unhian mantradrashta rrishi ne yajn sampann karaya tha. [7]
- vanavas ke samay shri ram inake ashram mean gaye the, jo aitihasik drishti se treta-dvapar ka sandhikal tha. ukt pramanoan se bharadvaj rrishi ko 'anoochanatam' aur 'dirghajivitam' ya 'aparimit' ayu kahe jane mean koee atyukti nahian lagati hai.
sam-gayak
bharadvaj ne 'samagan' ko devataoan se prapt kiya tha.
- rrigved ke dasavean mandal mean kaha gaya hai- 'yoan to samast rrishiyoan ne hi yajn ka param guhy jnan jo buddhi ki gufa mean gupt tha, use jana, parantu bharadvaj rrishi ne dyusthan (svargalok)-ke dhata, savita, vishnu aur agni devata se hi brihatsam ka jnan prapt kiya'. [8] yah bat bharadvaj rrishi ki shreshthata aur visheshata donoan darshati hai.
- 'sam' ka arth hai (sa+am:) rrichaoan ke adhar par alap. rrichaoan ke adhar par kiya gaya gan 'sam' hai. rrishi bharadvaj ne atmasat kiya tha 'brihatsam'.
- brahman-granthoan ki paribhashaoan ke sandarbh mean ham kah sakate haian ki rrichaoan ke adhar par svar pradhan aisa gayan jo svargalok, adity, man, shreshthatv aur tejas ko svar-alap mean vyanjit karata ho, 'brihatsam' kaha jata hai. rrishi bharadvaj aise hi brihatsam-gayak the. ve char pramukh sam-gayakoan-gautam, vamadev, bharadvaj aur kashyap ki shreni mean gine jate haian.
- sanhitaoan mean rrishi bharadvaj ke is 'brihatsam' ki b di mahima batayi gayi hai. kathak-sanhita mean tatha aitarey-brahman mean kaha gaya hai ki 'is brihatsam ke gayan se shasak sampann hota hai tatha oj, tez aur viry badhata hai. 'rajasooy yajn' samriddh hota hai. rashtr aur dridh hota hai. [9]
- rashtr ko samriddh aur dridh banane ke liye bharadvaj ne raja pratardan se yajn mean isaka anushthan karaya tha, jisase pratardan ka khoya rashtr unhean mila tha'. [10]
- pratardan ki katha mahabharat ke anushasan parv mean ayi hai.
bharadvaj ke vichar
- bharadvaj kahate haian agni ko dekho, yah maranadharma manavoan mean maujood amar jyoti hai. yah agni vishvakrishti hai arthath sarvamanushy roop hai. yah agni sab karmoan mean pravinatam rrishi hai, jo manav mean rahati hai, use prerit karati hai oopar uthane ke liye. at: pahachano. [11]
- manavi agni jagegi. vishvakrishti ko jab prajjvalit kareange to use dharan karane ke liye sahas aur bal ki avashyakata hogi. isake liye avashyak hai ki ap sachchaee par dridh rahean.
- rrishi bharadvaj kahate haian- 'ham jhukean nahian. ham samarthyavan ke age bhi n jhukean. dridh vyakti ke samane bhi nahian jhukean. kroor-dusht-hiansak-dasyu ke age bhi hamara sir jhuke nahian'. [12]
- rrishi samajhate haian ki jibh se aisi vani bolani chahiye ki sunane vale buddhiman banean. [13]
- hamari vidya aisi ho, jo kapati dushtoan ka saphaya kare, yuddhoan mean sanrakshan de, ichchhit dhanoan ka prapt karaye aur hamari buddhiyoan ko nindit marg se roke. [14]
- bharadvaj rrishi ka vichar hai ki hamari sarasvati, hamari vidya itani samarth ho ki vah sabhi prakar ke manavoan ka poshan kare. 'he sarasvati! sab kapati dushtoan ki prajaoan ka nash kar.'[15]
- he sarasvati! too yuddhoan mean ham sabaka rakshan kar. [16]
- he sarasvati! too ham sabaki buddhiyoan ki suraksha kar. [17]
- is prakar bharadvaj ke vicharoan mean vahi vidya hai, jo ham sabaka poshan kare, kapati dushtoan ka vinash kare, yuddh mean hamara rakshan kare, hamari buddhi shuddh rakhe tatha hamean vanchhit arth dene mean samarth ho.
- aisi vidya ko jinhoanne prapt kiya hai, rrishi ka unhean adesh hai- [18]are, o jnan ko pratyaksh karane vale! prajajanoan ko us uttam jnan ko sunao aur jo das haian, sevak haian, unako shreshth nagarik banao. [19]
- jnani, vijnani, shasak, kushal yoddha aur rashtr ko abhay dene vale rrishi bharadvaj ke aise hi tivr tejasvi aur prerak vichar haian.
ramayan se
- ram, lakshman aur sita ganga par karane ke uparaant chalate-chalate ganga-yamuna ke sangamasthal par shri bharadvaj ke ashram mean pahuanche. maharshi bharadvaj apane shishyoan se ghire baithe thean ram ne apana parichay diya. bharadvaj ne un tinoan ka svagat kiya. rat-bhar vahaan rahakar ram, sita aur lakshman ne shri bharadvaj ke paramarsh ke anusar chitrakoot parvat ki or prasthan kiya. [20]
- ram se milane ke lie bharat apani sena ke sath van ki or chale. marg mean muni bharadvaj ke ashram mean pahuanche. pahale bharadvaj ne shanka ki ki kahian ve ram ke ahit ki kamana se to nahian aye haian. taduparaant unhean sena samet atithy svikar karane ko kaha. bharadvaj apani agnishala mean gaye. achaman karane ke uparaant unhoanne vishvakarma ka ahvan kiya aur atithy mean sahayata maangi, isi prakar indr, yam, varun, kuber se bhi unhoanne sahayata maangi. phalasvaroop unhoanne madira, suandar apsaraean tatha suandar mahal evan upavanoan ke anayas avirbhav se un sabako poorn tript kiya. [21]
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ mahabharat, shantiparv (182.5
- ↑ mahabharat, shantiparv(210.21).
- ↑ mahabharat, shantiparv (58.3)
- ↑ taittiriy brahman 3.10.11
- ↑ aitarey aranyak 1.2.2).
- ↑ sootr-sthan 1.26
- ↑ jaiminiy brahman 3.2.8).
- ↑ rriktantr 10.181.2).
- ↑ aitarey-brahman 36.3).
- ↑ kathak 21.10).
- ↑ pashyatemamidan jyotismritan martyeshu. (rriktantr 6.9.4) pracheta agnirvedhastam rrishi:. (rriktantr 6.14.2
- ↑ n viळve namate n sthiray n shardhate dasyujootay0 (rriktantr 6.24.8
- ↑ 'jihvaya sadamedan sumedha a' (6.67.8).
- ↑ rriktantr 6.61 3,6,14
- ↑ 'ni barhay prajaan vishvasy brisayasy mayin:.'
- ↑ 'dhinamavitryavatu॥'rriktantr
- ↑ 'ava vajeshu' no neshi vasy:.' (6.61.3,4,6,14
- ↑ 'shrut shravay charshanibhy:' (6.31.5)
- ↑ 'dasanyaryani kar:' (6.22.10).
- ↑ balmiki ramayan, ayodhya kaand, sarg 54, shlok 10-54
- ↑ balmiki ramayan, ayodhya kaand, sarg 91, shlok 12-83
lekhak:(achary shridurgacharanaji shukl)