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mahabharat
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vivaran
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'mahabharat' bharat ka anupam, dharmik, pauranik, aitihasik aur darshanik granth hai. yah hindoo dharm ke mukhyatam granthoan mean se ek hai. yah vishv ka sabase lamba sahityik granth hai.
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rachayita
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vedavyas
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lekhak
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bhagavan ganesh[1]
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bhasha
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sanskrit
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mukhy patr
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shrikrishna, bhishm, arjun, dron, karn, duryodhan, abhimanyu, dhritarashtr, yudhishthir, draupadi, shakuni, kuanti, gaandhari, vidur adi.
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18 parv
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adiparv, sabhaparv, vanaparv, virataparv, udyogaparv, bhishmaparv, dronaparv, ashvamedhikaparv, mahaprasthanikaparv, sauptikaparv, striparv, shantiparv, anushasanaparv, mausalaparv, karnaparv, shalyaparv, svargarohanaparv, ashramavasikaparv
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shlok sankhya
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ek lakh se adhik
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lokapriyata
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bharat, nepal, indoneshiya, shrilanka, java dvip, thailaiand, tibbat, myaanmar adi deshoan mean mahabharat bahut lokapriy hai.
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sanbandhit lekh
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gita, shrikrishna, pandav, kaurav, arjun, indraprasth, hastinapur, ajnatavas, draupadi chiraharan, shishupal vadh, ashvamedh yajn, akshauhini
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any janakari
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anuman kiya jata hai ki 'mahabharat' mean varnit 'kuru vansh' 1200 se 800 eesa poorv ke dauran shakti mean raha hoga. pauranik manyata ko dekhean to pata lagata hai ki arjun ke pote[2] parikshit aur mahapadmanand ka kal 382 eesa poorv thaharata hai.
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mahabharat hinduoan ka pramukh kavy granth hai, jo hindoo dharm ke un dharm-granthoan ka samooh hai, jinaki manyata shruti se nichi shreni ki haian aur jo manavoan dvara utpann the. kabhi-kabhi sirf 'bharat' kaha jane vala yah kavy-granth bharat ka anupam, dharmik, pauranik, aitihasik aur darshanik granth hai. yah hindoo dharm ke mukhyatam granthoan mean se ek hai. yah vishv ka sabase lanba sahityik granth hai, halaanki ise sahity ki sabase anupam kritiyoan mean se ek mana jata hai, kintu aj bhi yah pratyek bharatiy ke liye ek anukaraniy srot hai.
hindoo itihas gatha
yah kriti hinduoan ke itihas ki ek gatha hai. poore 'mahabharat' mean ek lakh shlok haian. vidvanoan mean mahabharat kal ko lekar vibhinn mat haian, phir bhi adhikatar vidvanh mahabharat kal ko 'lauhayug' se jo date haian. anuman kiya jata hai ki mahabharat mean varnit 'kuru vansh' 1200 se 800 eesa poorv ke dauran shakti mean raha hoga. pauranik manyata ko dekhean to pata lagata hai ki arjun ke pote parikshit aur mahapadmanand ka kal 382 eesa poorv thaharata hai.
mahakavy ka lekhan
'mahabharat' mean is prakar ka ullekh aya hai ki vedavyas ne himalay ki talahati ki ek pavitr gufa mean tapasya mean sanlagn tatha dhyan yog mean sthit hokar mahabharat ki ghatanaoan ka adi se ant tak smaran kar man hi man mean mahabharat ki rachana kar li thi, parantu isake pashchath unake samane ek ganbhir samasya a kh di huee ki is mahakavy ke jnan ko samany jan sadharan tak kaise pahuanchaya jaye, kyoanki isaki jatilata aur lambaee ke karan yah bahut kathin kary tha ki koee ise bina kisi truti ke vaisa hi likh de, jaisa ki ve bolate jaean. isalie brahma ke kahane par vyas bhagavan ganesh ke pas pahuanche. ganesh likhane ko taiyar ho gaye, kiantu unhoanne ek shart rakh di ki kalam ek bar utha lene ke bad kavy samapt hone tak ve bich mean rukeange nahian. vyasaji janate the ki yah shart bahut kathanaeeyaan utpann kar sakati haian.
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mahabharat shaanti parv adhyay-82:
krishna:-
he devarshi ! jaise purush agni ki ichchha se arani kashth mathata hai; vaise hi un jati-logoan ke kahe hue kathor vachan se mera hriday sada mathata tatha jalata hua rahata hai ॥6॥
he narad ! b de bhaee balaram sada bal se, gad sukumarata se aur pradyumn roop se matavale hue hai; isase in sahayakoan ke hote hue bhi maian asahay hua hooan. ॥7॥
age padhean:-krishna narad sanvad
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atah unhoanne bhi apani chaturata se ek shart rakhi ki koee bhi shlok likhane se pahale ganesh ko usaka arth samajhana hoga. ganesh ne yah prastav svikar kar liya. is tarah vyas bich-bich mean kuchh kathin shlokoan ko rach dete. jab ganesh unake arth par vichar kar rahe hote, utane samay mean hi vyasaji kuchh aur naye shlok rach dete. is prakar sampoorn mahabharat tin varshoan ke antaral mean likhi gayi.
vedavyas ne sarvapratham punyakarma manavoan ke upakhyanoan sahit ek lakh shlokoan ka ady bharat granth banaya. tadantar upakhyanoan ko chho dakar chaubis hazar shlokoan ki 'bharatasanhita' banayi. tatpashchath vyasaji ne sath lakh shlokoan ki ek doosari sanhita banayi, jisake tis lakh shlok devalok mean, pandrah lakh pitrilok mean tatha chaudah lakh shlok gandharvalok mean samadrit hue. manushyalok mean ek lakh shlokoan ka ady bharat pratishthit hua. mahabharat granth ki rachana poorn karane ke bad vedavyas ne sarvapratham apane putr shukadev ko is granth ka adhyayan karaya.
mahabharat ke parv
mahabharat ki mool abhikalpana mean atharah ki sankhya ka vishisht yog hai. kaurav aur pandav pakshoan ke madhy hue yuddh ki avadhi atharah din thi. donoan pakshoan ki senaoan ka sammilit sankhyabal bhi aththarah akshauhini tha. is yuddh ke pramukh sootradhar bhi aththarah the.[3] mahabharat ki prabandh yojana mean sampoorn granth ko atharah parvoan mean vibhakt kiya gaya hai aur mahabharat mean 'bhishm parv' ke antargat varnit 'shrimadbhagavadgita' mean bhi atharah adhyay haian.
sampoorn mahabharat atharah parvoan mean vibhakt hai. ‘parv’ ka moolarth hai- "gaanth ya jo d".[4] poorv katha ko uttaravarti katha se jo dane ke karan mahabharat ke vibhajan ka yah namakaran yatharth hai. in parvoan ka namakaran, us kathanak ke mahattvapoorn patr ya ghatana ke adhar par kiya jata hai. mukhy parvoan mean pray: any bhi kee parv haian.[5] in parvoan ka punarvibhajan adhyayoan mean kiya gaya hai. parvoan aur adhyayoan ka akar asaman hai. kee parv bahut b de haian aur kee parv bahut chhote haian. adhyayoan mean bhi shlokoan ki sankhya aniyat hai. kinhian adhyayoan mean pachas se bhi kam shlok haian aur kinhian-kinhian mean sankhya do sau se bhi adhik hai. mukhy atharah parvoan ke nam is prakar haian-
mahabharat ke parv
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ vedavyasaji shlokoan ka uchcharan karate jate the, jinhean bhagavan shriganesh ne likha.
- ↑ putr ke putr
- ↑ dhritarashtr, duryodhan, du:shasan, karn, shakuni, bhishm, dron, kripachary, ashvatthama, kritavarma, shrikrishna, yudhishthar, bhim, arjun, nakul, sahadev, draupadi aur vidur.
- ↑ vi.es. apte: sanskrit-hindi-kosh, pri. 595
- ↑ sampoorn mahabharat mean aise parvoan ki kul sankhya 100 haian.
sanbandhit lekh
mahabharat |
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| mahabharat ke parv | | | mahabharat ke charitr | | | sthan | | | mahabharat katha | | | any | |
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mahakavy |
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| sanskrit mahakavy | | | apabhransh mahakavy | | | hindi mahakavy | | | tamil mahakavy | | | any | |
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shrutiyaan
upaved aur vedaang |
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| upaved |
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kamandak sootr · kautily arthashastr · chanaky sootr · nitivakyamritasootr · brihaspatey arthadhikarakamh · shukraniti | | |
mukti kalpataroo · vriddh sharangadhar · vaishampayan niti-prakashika · samaraangan sootradhar · adhvaryu | | | | | |
agnigrahasootraraj · ashvinikumar sanhita · ashtaangahriday · indrasootr · charak sanhita · jabalisootr · dalbhy sootr · deval sootr · dhanvantari sootr · dhatuved · brahman sanhita · bhel sanhita · manasootr · shabd kautoohal · sushrut sanhita · soop sootr · sauvari sootr |
| | vedaang |
kalp | | | shiksha |
gautami shiksha (samaved) · naradiy shiksha· paniniy shiksha (rrigved) · bahy shiksha (krishna yajurved) · mandki shiksha (atharvaved) · yajnavalky shiksha (shukl yajurved) · lomashiy shiksha | | vyakaran |
kalp vyakaran · kamadhenu vyakaran · panini vyakaran · prakriti prakash · prakriti vyakaran · mugdhabodh vyakaran · shaktayan vyakaran · sarasvat vyakaran · hemachandr vyakaran | | niruktt |
mukti kalpataroo · vriddh sharangadhar · vaishampayan niti-prakashika · samaraangan sootradhar | | chhand |
gargyaprokt upanidan sootr · chhand manjari · chhandasootr · chhandovichit chhand sootr · chhandoanukramani · chhalapudh vritti · jayadev chhand · janashramaan chhandovichit · vrittaratnakar · veankatamadhav chhandoanukramani · shrutavek | | jyotish |
aryabhatiy jyotish · naradiy jyotish · parashar jyotish · brahmagupt jyotish · bhaskarachary jyotish · varahamihir jyotish · vasishth jyotish · vedaang jyotish |
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upanishad | | rrigvediy upanishad | | | yajurvediy upanishad |
shukl yajurvediy | | | krishna yajurvediy | |
| | samavediy upanishad | | | atharvavediy upanishad | | | | | rrigvediy brahman granth | | | yajurvediy brahman granth |
shukl yajurvediy | | | krishna yajurvediy | |
| | samavediy brahman granth | | | atharvavediy brahman granth | | |
sootr-granth | | rrigvediy sootr-granth | | | yajurvediy sootr-granth |
shukl yajurvediy | | | krishna yajurvediy | |
| | samavediy sootr-granth |
masakasootr · latyayan sootr · khadir shrautasootr · jaiminiy grihyasootr · gobhil grihyasootr · khadir grihyasootr · gautam dharmasootr · drahyayan grihyasootr · drahyayan dharmasootr | | atharvavediy sootr-granth | |
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shakha | | shakha |
shakal rrigvediy shakha · kanv shukl yajurvediy · madhyandin shukl yajurvediy · taittiriy krishna yajurvediy · maitrayani krishna yajurvediy · kath krishna yajurvediy · kapishthal krishna yajurvediy · shvetashvatar krishna yajurvediy · kauthumi samavediy shakha · jaiminiy samavediy shakha · ranayaniy samavediy shakha · paippalad atharvavediy shakha · shaunakiy atharvavediy shakha | | mantr-sanhita |
rrigved mantr-sanhita · shukl yajurved mantr- sanhita · samaved mantr-sanhita · atharvaved mantr-sanhita | | aranyak | | |
pratisakhy evan anukramanika | | rrigvediy pratisakhy |
shaankhayan pratishakhy · brihad pratishakhy · arshanukramanika · ashvalayan pratishakhy · chhandonukramanika · rrigpratishakhy · devatanukramanika · sarvanukramanika · anuvakanukramanika · brihadvatanukramanika · rrigh vijnan | | yajurvediy pratisakhy |
shukl yajurvediy |
katyayan shulvasootr · katyayanukramanika · vajasaneyi pratishakhy | | krishna yajurvediy |
taittiriy pratishakhy |
| | samavediy pratisakhy |
shaunakiya chaturdhyapika |
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smriti sahity |
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| smritigranth | | | puran | | | mahakavy | | | darshan | | | nibandh |
jimootavahan krit : dayabhag · kalavivek · vyavahar matrika · aniruddh krit : pitridayita · haralata · ballalasen krit :acharasagar · pratishthasagar · adbhutasagar · shridhar upadhyay krit : kalamadhav · dattakamimaansa · parasharamadhav · gotr-pravar nirnay · muhoortamadhav · smritisangrah · vratyastom-paddhati · nandapandit krit : shraddh-kalpalata · shuddhi-chandrika · tattvamuktavali · dattak mimaansa · · narayanabhatat krit : tristhali-setu · antyeshti-paddhati · prayog ratnakar · kamalakar bhatt krit: nirnayasindhu · shoodrakamalakar · danakamalakar · poortakamalakar · vedaratn · prayashchittaratn · vivad tandav · kashinath upadhyay krit : dharmasindhu · nirnayamrit · purusharth-chintamani · shoolapani krit : smriti-vivek (apoorn) · raghunandan krit : smriti-tattv · chandeshvar krit : smriti-ratnakar · vachaspati mishr : vivad-chintamani · devan bhatat krit : smriti-chandrika · hemadri krit : chaturvarg-chintamani · nilakandabhatat krit : bhagavant bhaskar · mitramishr krit: vir-mitroday · lakshmidhar krit : krity-kalpataru · jagannath tarkapanchanan krit : vivadarnav | | agam |
vaishnavagam |
ahirbudhny-sanhita · eeshvar-sanhita · kapilajanli-sanhita · jayakhy-sanhita · padmatantr-sanhita · parashar-sanhita · brihadbrahm-sanhita · bharadvaj-sanhita · lakshmi-sanhita · vishnutilak-sanhita · vishnu-sanhita · shriprashn-sanhita · sattvat-sanhita | | shaivagam |
tattvatray · tattvaprakashika · tattvasangrah · tatpary sangrah · nareshvar pariksha · nadakarika · paramoksh-nirashakarika · pashupat sootr · bhogakarika · mokshakarika · ratnatray · shrutisooktimala · soot-sanhita | | shaktagam |
vamagam |
advaitabhavopanishad · arunopanishad · kalikopanishad · kaulopanishad · taropanishad · tripuropanishad · brahichopanishad · bhavanopanishad | | mishramarg |
kalanidhi · kularnav · kuleshvari · chandrak · jyotsravati · durvasas · barhaspaty · bhuvaneshvari | | samayachar |
vasishthasanhita · shukrasanhita · sanakasanhita · sanatkumarasanhita · sanandanasanhita | | tantrik sadhana |
kalivilas · kularnav · kool-choo damani · jnanarnav · tantraraj · tripura-rahasy · dakshinamoorti-sanhita · namakeshvar · prapanchasar · mantr-maharnav · mahanirvan · rudrayamal · shaktisangam-tantr · sharada-tilak |
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj