रोज़ा

roza
islam dharm ka pratik chihn|200px|center
vivaran	roza ramazanul mubarak ke poore mahine ka rakhana hai jo sal bhar mean ek bar ata hai.
abhipray	roze ki niyat se, phajr nikalane se lekar sooraj doobane tak, tamam roza to dane vali chizoan jaise ki khane pine aur sambhog se rook jana.
tithi	pavitr mah ramazan ke poore din roze rakhe jate haian jo eed vale din samapt hote haian.
sanbandhit lekh	namaz, ramazan, eed-ul-fitar
any janakari	roza pachan kriya aur meda (amashay) ko saloan sal lagatar (nirantar) kary karane ke kasht se aram pahuanchata hai, anavashyak chizoan (phajoolat, mal) ko pighala deta hai, sharir ko shakti pradan karata hai, tatha vah bahut se rogoan ke lie bhi labhadayak hai.

roza yani tamam buraiyoan se rukana ya parahez karana. zaban se galat ya bura nahian bolana, aankh se galat nahian dekhana, kan se galat nahian sunana, hath-pair tatha sharir ke any hissoan se koee najayaz amal nahian karana. kisi ko bhala bura nahian kahana. har vaqt khuda ki ibadat karana. roze ko arabi mean som kahate haian, jisaka matalab hai rukana.

abhipray

isase abhipray yah hai ki : roze ki niyat se, phajr nikalane se lekar sooraj doobane tak, tamam roza to dane vali chizoan jaise ki khane pine aur sambhog se rook jana. yah roza ramazanul mubarak ke poore mahine ka rakhana hai jo sal bhar mean ek bar ata hai.

allah tala ka pharaman hai

(يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ) (183 البقرة,)

ai logo jo rhiman laai ho tum par roze rakhana anivary kiya gaya hai jis prakar tum se poorv ke logoan par anivary kiya gaya tha, taki tum darane vale (parahezagar) ban jao.

aur rasool sallallahu alaihi vasallam ne pharamaya

(متفق عليه);; من صام رمضان إيمانا واحتسابا غفر له ما تقدم من ذنبه

jisane rhiman ke sath aur savab ki niyat rakhate hue roza rakha usake pichhale gunah kshama kar die jayeange. (bukhari v muslim)

roze ke phayade

is mahina ka roza rakhane se musalaman ko anek rhimani, manasik aur svasth adi sambandhi phayade prapt hote haian, jinamean se kuchh yah haian :

• roza pachan kriya aur meda (amashay) ko saloan sal lagatar (nirantar) kary karane ke kasht se aram pahuanchata hai, anavashyak chizoan (phajoolat, mal) ko pighala deta hai, sharir ko shakti pradan karata hai, tatha vah bahut se rogoan ke lie bhi labhadayak hai.
• roza naphas ko sharhista (sabhy, shisht) banata hai aur bhalarhi, vyavastha, ajnapalan, dhairy aur ikhlas (nisvarthata) ka adi banata hai.
• rozedar ko apane rozedar bharhiyoan ke bich barabari ka ehasas hota hai, vah unake sath roza rakhata hai aur unake sath hi roza kholata hai, aur use sarv-islami ekata ka anubhav hota hai, aur use bhookh ka ehasas hota hai to vah apane bhookhe aur zarooratamand bharhiyoan ki khabaragiri aur dekh rekh karata hai.
• roze ke kuchh adab haian jis se rozedar ka susajjit hona mahattvapoorn hai taki usaka roza shuddh (sahih) aur poorn ho.
• kuchh chizean roze ko batil (vyarth aur amany) karane vali bhi haian, yadi rozedar unamean se kisi ek chiz ko karale to usaka roza batil ho jata hai. tatha islam ne bimar, yatri, doodh pilane vali mahila aur inake atirikt any logoan ki halat ki riayat karate hue yah vaidh kiya hai ki vah is mahine mean roza to d dean, aur sal ke ane vale samay mean usaki qaza karean.

roza kya aur kyoan?

• sabhi paigambaroan ne ek hi sandesh diya ki eeshvar ek hai, duniya imtihan ki jagah hai aur marane ke bad zindagi hai. pahale ke sabhi paigambaroan ka mishan lokal tha, magar akhiri paigambar hazarat muhammad (sall॰) ka mishan yoonivarsal hai. akhiri paigambar par eeshvar ka jo antim sandesh (quran) utara, usaki hifazat ki zimmedari svayan eeshvar ne li hai. chaidah sau sal se adhik ho chuke haian, magar aj tak use badala nahian ja saka. eeshvar ka sandesh apani asal shakl (moolaroop) mean maujood hai, isalie ab zaroorat nahian hai ki koee naya eeshadoot ae.
• quran ka kendriy vishay iansan hai. quran iansan ke bare mean eeshvar ki skim ko batata hai. quran batata hai ki iansan ko sadaiv ke lie paida kiya gaya hai aur use shashvat jivan diya gaya hai. eeshvar ne iansan ke jivan ko do bhagoan mean baanta hai :

1. maut se pahale ka samay, jo asthaee hai, iansan ke imtihan ke lie hai.
2. maut ke bad ka samay, jo svarg ya narak ke roop mean duniya mean kie ge achchhe ya bure karmoan ka badala milane ke lie hai. yah kabhi n khatm hone vala sthaee daur hai. in donoan ke bich mean maut ek tabadale ke roop mean hai.

• quran batata hai ki duniya iansan ke lie ek parikshasthal hai. iansan ki zindagi ka uddeshy eeshvar ki ibadat (upasana) hai. ibadat ka arth eeshvar kendrit jivan vyatit karana hai. vastav mean iansan ki poori zindagi ibadat hai, agar vah eeshvar ki marzi ke anusar vyatit ho. eeshvar ki marzi ke anusar jivan vyatit karane ka adi banane ke lie, avashyak tha ki kuchh prashikshan bhi ho, isalie namaz, roza (nirahar upavas), zakat aur haj ko isi prashikshan ke roop mean rakha gaya. inamean samay ki, enarji ki aur daulat ki qurabani dvara iansan ko adhyatmik utthan ke lie aur use vyavaharik jivan ke lie labhadayak banane ke lie prashikshit kiya jata hai. is treniang ko bar-bar rakha gaya, taki iansan ko achchhaee par sthir rakha ja sake, kyoanki iansan andar v bahar se badalane vala astitv rakhata hai.
• eeshvar sabase behatar janata hai ki kaun-si chiz iansan ke lie labhadayak hai aur kaun-si hanikarak. eeshvar iansan ka bhala chahata hai isalie usane har vah kam jisake karane se iansan svayan ko hani pahuanchata, karana haram (avaidh) thaharaya aur har us kam ko jisake n karane se iansan svayan ko hani pahuanchata, ibadat kaha aur unaka karana iansan ke lie anivary kar diya.
• eeshvar ka antim sandesh quran, duniya mean pahali bar ramazan ke mahine mean avatarit hona shuroo hua. isilie ramazan ka mahina quran ka mahina kahalaya. ise quran ke manane valoan ke lie shukraguzari ka mahina bana diya gaya aur is poore mahine roze rakhane anivary kie ge.
• roza ek ibadat hai. quran mean ise ‘‘sabr’’ bhi kaha gaya hai, jisaka arth hai ‘svayan par niyantran’ aur sthirata v jamav. islam mean roze ka matalab hota hai keval eeshvar ke lie, bhor se lekar sooraj doobane tak khane-pine, sabhi buraiyoan (aur pati-patni ka sahavas karane) se svayan ko roke rakhana. anivary roze, jo keval ramazan ke mahine mean rakhe jate haian aur yah har vayask musalaman ke lie anivary haian. quran mean kaha gaya hai—

‘‘ai eeman lane valo! tum par roze anivary kie ge, jis prakar tum se pahale ke logoan par kie ge the, shayad ki tum dar rakhane vale aur parahezagar ban jao.’’

• ramazan ka mahina jisamean quran utara gaya logoan ke margadarshan ke lie, aur margadarshan aur saty-asaty ke antar ke pramanoan ke sath. atah tumamean jo koee is mahine mean maujood ho, use chahie ki usake roze rakhe aur jo bimar ho ya yatra mean ho to doosare dinoan se ginati poori kar le. eeshvar tumhare sath asani chahata hai, vah tumhare sath sakhti aur kathinaee nahian chahata aur chahata hai ki tum sankhya poori kar lo aur jo sidha marg tumhean dikhaya gaya hai, us par eeshvar ki b daee prakat karo aur taki tum kritajn bano.’
• roza ek bahut mahattvapoorn ibadat hai. har qaum mean, har paigambar ne roza rakhane ki bat kahi. aj bhi roza har dharm mean kisi n kisi roop mean maujood hai. quran ke anusar roze ka uddeshy iansan mean taqava ya sanyam paida karana hai. taqava ka ek arth hai—‘eeshvar ka dar’ aur doosara arth hai—‘zindagi mean hamesha ehatiyat vala tariqa apanana.’ eeshvar ka dar ek aisi bat hai jo iansan ko asavadhan hone arthath asaphal hone se bacha leta hai.
• ku़ran ki ayat ‘taki tum dar rakhane vale aur parahezagar ban jao’—2:183, se pata chalata hai ki roza, iansan mean eeshvar ka dar paida karata hai aur use parahezagar (sanyami) banata hai. eeshadoot hazarat muhammad (sall॰) ne faramaya—

‘‘jis vyakti ne (roze ki halat mean) jhooth bolana aur us par amal karana n chho da, to eeshvar ko isaki kuchh avashyakata nahian ki vah (roza rakhakar) apana khana-pina chho d de.’’ (hadis : bukhari) ‘‘kitane hi roza rakhane vale aise haian, jinhean apane roze se bhookh-pyas ke atirikt kuchh hasil nahian hota.’

• roza rakhana iansan ki har chiz ko paband (niyamabaddh) banata hai. aankh ka roza yah hai ki jis chiz ko dekhane se eeshvar ne mana kiya, use n dekhean. kan ka roza yah hai ki jis bat ko sunane se eeshvar ne mana kiya, use n sunean. zuban ka roza yah hai ki jis bat ko bolane se eeshvar ne mana kiya, use n bolean. hath ka roza yah hai ki jis kam ko karane se eeshvar ne mana kiya, use n karean. pair ka roza yah hai ki jis taraf jane se eeshvar ne mana kiya, udhar n jaean. dimag ka roza yah hai ki jis bat ko sochane se eeshvar ne mana kiya, use n sochean. isi ke sath-sath yah bhi hai ki jin kamoan ko eeshvar ne pasand kiya, unhean kiya jae. keval eeshvar ke batae ge tariqe ke anusar roza rakhana hi iansan ko labh pahuanchata hai. eeshadoot hazarat muhammad (sall॰) kahate haian—

‘‘iansan ke har amal ka savab (achchha badala) das guna se sat sau guna tak badhaya jata hai, magar eeshvar faramata hai—roza isase alag hai, kyoanki vah mere lie hai aur maian hi isaka jitana chahooanga badala dooanga.’’

• roze ka iansan ke dimag aur usake sharir donoan par bahut achchha prabhav p data hai. roza ek varshik treniang kors hai. jisaka uddeshy iansan ki aisi vishesh treniang karana hai, jisake bad vah sal bhar ‘svayan kendrit jivan’ ke bajae, ‘eeshvar-kendrit jivan’ vyatit kar sake. roza iansan mean anushasan paida karata hai, taki iansan apani sochoan v kamoan ko sahi disha de sake. roza iansan ka svayan par kantrol thik karata hai. iansan ke andar gussa, khvahish (ichchha), lalach, bhookh, seks aur doosari bhavanaean haian. inake sath iansan ka do mean se ek hi rishta ho sakata hai: iansan inhean niyantrit kare, ya ye iansan ko niyantrit karean. pahali soorat mean labh aur doosari mean hani hai. roza iansan ko inhean qaboo karana sikhata hai. arthath iansan ko jurm aur pap se bacha leta hai.
• roza rakhane ke bad iansan ka atmavishvas aur atmasanyam v sankalp shakti badh jati hai. iansan jan leta hai ki jab vah khana-pani jaisi chizoan ko din bhar chho d sakata hai, jinake bina jivan sanbhav nahian, to vah buri batoan v adatoan ko to b di asani se chho d sakata hai. jo vyakti bhookh bardasht kar sakata hai, vah doosari batean bhi bardasht (sahan) kar sakata hai. roza iansan mean sahanashilata ke star ko badhata hai.
• roza iansan se svarthaparata aur susti ko door karata hai. roza eeshvar ki nematoan (khana-pani ityadi) ke mahatv ka ehasas dilata hai. roza iansan ko eeshvar ka sachcha shukraguzar banda banata hai. roze ke dvara iansan ko bhookh-pyas ki takalif ka anubhav karaya jata hai, taki vah bhookhoan ki bhookh aur pyasoan ki pyas mean unaka hamadard ban sake. roza iansan mean tyag ke star ko badhata hai.
• is tarah ham samajh sakate haian ki roza eeshvar ka margadarshan milane par usaki b daee prakat karane, usaka shukr ada karane aur parahezagar banane ke atirikt, n keval iansan ke dimag balki usake sharir par bhi bahut achchha prabhav dalata hai. eeshadoot hazarat muhammad (sall॰) ke shabdoan mean ham kah sakate haian—

‘‘har chiz par usako pak, pavitr karane ke lie zakat hai aur (manasik v sharirik bimariyoan se pak karane ke lie) sharir ki zakat (dan) roza hai.’’

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

• hazarat : adaraniy vyaktitv ke lie upadhi soochak shabd.
• sall॰ : hazarat muhammad (sall॰) par allah ki rahamat v salamati ho.
• hadis : allah ke antim sandeshta hazarat muhammad (sall॰) ke vachanoan, karmoan aur tarikoan (dhangoan) ko hadis kahate haian.

bahari k diyaan

• roza aur ramazan ka mubarak mahina