अंतर्राष्ट्रीय मानक पुस्तक संख्या

aantarrashtriy manak pustak sankhyaank ise samanyat: aee.ऍs.bi.ऍn. ("intaraneshanal staindard buk nambar" ya ISBN) kaha jata hai. yah pratyek pustak ko usaka apana anootha sankhyaank (siriyal nambar) dene ki vidhi hai. is sankhyaank ke dvara vishv mean prakashit kisi bhi pustak ko khoja ja sakata hai aur usake bare mean janakari prapt ki ja sakati hai. pahale yah sankhyaank keval uttari amerika, yoorop aur japan mean prachalit tha, kiantu ajakal yah paddhati dhire-dhire poore vishv mean phail gayi hai. aee.ऍs.bi.ऍn. sankhyaank mean 10 aank hote the, kiantu sanh 2007 ke bad se yah sankhyaank 13 aank ka hota hai.

itihas

briten ke prasiddh pustak vikreta dablyoo.ech. smith ne dablin, ayaralaind ke triniti k aaulej ke g aaurdan ph aaustar namak ek sevanivritt profesar se 1966 mean apani pustakoan ko sankhyaank dene ki vidhi banavaee. g aaurdan ph aaustar ne ek 9 aankoan ki pranali ka nirman kiya aur unhoanne usaka nam 'staindard buk nambaring, ऍs.bi.ऍn., arthath manak pustak sankhyaank' rakha gaya. sanh 1970 mean aantararashtriy manakikaran sangathan (jisako aiso ya ISO bhi kahate haian) ne is 9 aankiy vidhi par adharit ek 10 aank ki manak vidhi ka ghoshanapatr sankhya ISO 2108 mean ghoshit kiya. yahi manak sankhya aee.ऍs.bi.ऍn. kahalata hai. sanh 2007 mean isaka vistar karake is sankhya ko 13 aankiy bana diya gaya, kiantu abhi bhi 10 aankiy sankhyaank dekhane ko milati haian.

bharat mean itihas

raja ramamohan ray rashtriy ejeansi, jo 'aantarrashtriy manak pustak sankhyaank' (ISBN) ke lie karyarat hai. bharat ke lie manav sansadhan vikas mantralay ne 1985 mean bharat mean ISBN pranali prarambh ki hai. raja ramamohan ray rashtriy ejeansi (ISBN), manav sansadhan vikas mantralay, madhyamik shiksha evan uchch shiksha vibhag, A2/W4, karzan rod bairak, K.G. marg, nee dilli bharatiy prakashakoan, lekhak - sah - prakashak, vishvavidyalayoan aur sansthanoan jaise sangathanoan ke lie pustakoan ke prakashan ke lie prarambh kiya gaya hai. aantarrashtriy manak buk sankhya (ISBN) ek advitiy aantararashtriy prakashak pahachan sankhya hai, jo vishesh pustakoan ke prakashanoan ke lie ISBN chhoti mashin pathaniy pahachan sankhya ke roop mean jana jata hai, jo pathak aur krayakarta ke lie pustak tak saral aur asan pahuanch banata hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah