अमृतलाल नागर
amritalal nagar
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| poora nam | amritalal nagar |
| janm | 17 agast, 1916 |
| janm bhoomi | gokulapura, agara, uttar pradesh |
| mrityu | 23 faravari, 1990 |
| mrityu sthan | bharat |
| abhibhavak | pandit rajaram nagar |
| santan | sharad nagar |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | sahity |
| mukhy rachanaean | manas ka hans, booand aur samudr, amrit aur vish, ekada naimisharanye, pidhiyaan, khanjan nayan, chaitany mahaprabhu adi. |
| vishay | natak, rediyonatak, riportaj, nibandh, sansmaran, anuvad, bal sahity, upanyas |
| bhasha | hindi, gujarati, marathi, baangla, aangrezi |
| shiksha | haeeskool |
| puraskar-upadhi | batuk prasad puraskar, sudhakar rachat padak, premachand puraskar', sahity akadami puraskar evan soviyat laiand neharoo puraskar |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| any janakari | nagar ji ki kritiyoan ne hindi sahity ki garima badhayi hai. nagar ji ke tin rangamanchiy natak evan 25 se adhik rediyo fichar aur bahut se nibandh haian, jo abhi tak prakashit nahian hue haian. |
| inhean bhi dekhean | kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi |
amritalal nagar (aangrezi: Amritlal Nagar, janm: 17 agast, 1916; mrityu: 23 faravari, 1990) hiandi ke prasiddh sahityakar the. unhoanne natak, rediyonatak, riportaj, nibandh, sansmaran, anuvad, bal sahity adi ke kshetr mean bhi mahatvapoorn yogadan diya hai. unhean sahity jagath mean upanyasakar ke roop mean sarvadhik khyati prapt huee tadapi unaka hasy-vyangy lekhan kam mahatvapoorn nahian hai.
jivan parichay
amritalal nagar ka janm susanskrit gujarati parivar mean 17 agast, 1916 ee. ko gokulapura, agara, uttar pradesh mean unaki nanihal mean hua tha. unake pitamah pandit shivaram nagar 1895 ee. se lakhanoo akar bas ge. unake pita pandit rajaram nagar ki mrityu ke samay nagar ji kul 19 varsh ke the.
shiksha
amritalal nagar ki vidhivath shiksha arthoparjan ki vivashata ke karan haeeskool tak hi huee, kintu nirantar svadhyay dvara unhoanne sahity, itihas, puran, puratatv, samajashastr, manovijnan adi vishayoan par tatha hindi, gujarati, marathi, baangla evan aangrezi adi bhashaoan par adhikar prapt kiya.
karyakshetr
amritalal nagar ne ek chhoti si naukari ke bad kuchh samay tak mukt lekhan evan hasyaras ke prasiddh patr 'chakallas' ke sampadan ka kary 1940 se 1947 ee. tak kolhapur mean kiya isake bad bambee evan madras ke film kshetr mean lekhan ka kary kiya. yah hindi filmoan mean dabiang kary mean agrani the. disambar, 1953 se mee, 1956 tak akashavani, lakhanoo mean drama, prodyoosar, usake kuchh samay bad svatantr lekhan ka kary kiya.
vyaktittv
nagar ji apane vyaktitv aur samajik anubhavoan ki kasauti par vicharoan ko kasate rahate haian aur jitani matra mean unhean khara pate haian, utani hi matra mean grahan karate haian. chahe un par deshi chhap ho ya videshi, purani chhap ho ya nayi. unaki kasauti moolabhoot roop se sadharan bharatiy jan ki kasauti hai, jo saty ko asthir tarkoan ke dvara nahian, sadhanalabdh shraddha ke dvara pahachanati hai. andhashraddha ko katane ke lie ve tarkoan ka prayog avashy karate haian, kintu tarkoan ke karan anubhavoan ko nahian jhuthalate, phalat: kabhi-kabhi purane aur naye donoan un par jhuanjhala uthate haian. 'ekada naimisharanye' mean puranoan aur pauranik charitroan ka samajashastriy, ardh aitihasik svachchhand vishleshan ya 'manas ka hans' mean yuva tulasidas ke jivan mean 'mohini prasang' ka sanyojan adi puranapanthiyoan ko anuchit dussahas lagata hai, to baba ramajidas aur tulasi ke adhyatmik anubhavoan ko shraddha ke sath aankit karana bahutere nayoan ko nagavar aur pragativirodhi pratit hota hai. nagar ji in donoan prakaroan ke prativadoan se vichalit nahian hote. apani is pravritti ke karan ve kisi ek sahityik khane mean nahian rakhe ja sakate.
vichar
amritalal nagar hindi ke gambhir kathakaroan mean sarvadhik lokapriy haian. isaka arth hi yah hai ki ve vishishtata aur ranjakata donoan tatvoan ko apani kritiyoan mean sametane mean samarth hue haian. unhoanne n to parampara ko hi nakara hai, n adhunikata se muanh mo da hai. unhean apane samay ki purani aur nayi donoan pidhiyoan ka sneh samarthan mila aur kabhi-kabhi donoan ka upalanbh bhi mila hai. adhyatmikata par gahara vishvas karate hue bhi ve samajavadi haian, kintu jaise unaki adhyatmikata kisi sampraday kathaghare mean bandi nahian hai, vaise hi unaka samajavad kisi rajanitik dal ke pas bandhak nahian hai. unaki kalpana ke samajavadi samaj mean vyakti aur samaj donoan ka mukt svasth vikas samasya ko samajhane aur chitrit karane ke lie use samaj ke bhitar rakhakar dekhana hi nagar ji ke anusar thik dekhana hai. isilie booand (vyakti) ke sath hi sath ve samudr (samaj) ko nahian bhoolate.
jagath ke prati drishtikon
nagar ji ki jagath ke prati drishti n atirekavadi hai, n hathagrahi. ekaangadarshi n hone ke karan ve usaki achchhaiyoan aur buraiyoan, donoan ko dekhate haian. kintu buraiyoan se uthakar achchhaiyoan ki or viphalata ko bhi ve manushyatv manate haian. jivan ki kroorata, kuroopata, viphalata ko bhi ve aankit karate chale haian, kintu usi ko manav niyati nahian manate. jis prakar sankirn arthik svarthoan aur mrit dharmikata ke thekedaroan se ve apane lekhan mean joojhate rahe haian, usi prakar moolyoan ke vighatan, dishahinata, arthahinata adi ka nara lagakar nishkriyata aur atmahatya tak ka samarthan karane vali bauddhikata ko bhi nakarate rahe haian. apane lekhak-nayak aravind shankar ke madhyam se unhoanne kaha hai, j d-chetan, bhay, vish-amrit may, andhakar-prakashamay jivan mean nyay ke lie karm karana hi gati hai. mujhe jina hi hoga, karm karana hi hoga, yah bandhan hi meri mukti bhi hai. is andhakar mean hi prakash pane ke lie mujhe jina hai.[1] nagar ji aropit buddhi se kam nahian karate, kisi drishti ya vad ko jas ka tas nahian lete.
sahityik jivan
thumb|amritalal nagar nagar ji kissagoee mean mahir haian. yadyapi gambhir uttaradayitvoan ka nirvah karane ke karan kahian-kahian unake upanyasoan mean bahasoan ke dauran tatvik vivechan ke lambe-lambe pransag bhi a jate haian. tathapi ve apani kritiyoan ko upadeshatmak ya ubaoo nahian banane dete. rochak kathaoan aur thos charitroan ki bhoomika se hi vicharoan ke akash ki or bhari gayi in u danoan ko sadharan pathak bhi jhel lete haian. unake sahity ka lakshy bhi sadharan nagarik hai, apane ko asadharan manane vala sahityakar ya buddhijivi samikshak nahian. samaj mean khoob ghul-milakar apane dekhe-sune aur anubhav kiye charitroan, prasangoan ko tanik kalpana ke put se ve apane katha sahity mean dhalate rahe haian. apani arambhik kahaniyoan mean unhoanne kahian-kahian svachhandatavadi bhavukata ki jhalak di hai. kintu unaka jivan bodh jyoan-jyoan badhata gaya tyoan-tyoan ve apane bhavatirek ko sanyat aur kalpana ko yatharthashrit karate chale gaye. apane pahale apraudh upanyas mahakal mean samajik yatharth ke jis svachchh bodh ka parichay unhoanne diya tha, nihit svarth ke vividh roopoan ko samrajyavadi utpi dan, zamiandaroan, vyapariyoan dvara sadharan janata ke shoshan, sampradayikatavadiyoan ke hathakandoan adi ko benakab karane ka jo sahas dikhaya tha, vah paravarti upanyasoan mean kalatmak sanyam ke sath-sath uttarottar nikharata chala gaya.
'booand aur samudr' tatha 'amrit aur vish' jaise vartaman jivan par likhit upanyasoan mean hi nahian, 'ekada naimisharanye' tatha 'manas ka hans' jaise pauranik-aitihasik pithika par rachit saanskritik upanyasoan mean bhi utpi dakoan ka pardafash karane aur utpi ditoan ka sath dene ka apana vrat unhoanne bakhoobi nibhaya hai. atit ko vartaman se jo dane aur prerana ke srot ke roop mean prastut karane ke sankalp ke karan hi 'ekada naimisharanye' mean puranakaroan ke katha-sootr ko bharat ki ekatmakata ke lie kiye gaye mahanh saanskritik prayas ke roop mean, tatha 'manas ka hans' mean tulasi ki jivan katha ko asaktiyoan aur pralobhanoan ke sanghatoan ke karan dagamaga kar adig ho jane vali 'astha ke sangharsh ki katha' evan utpi dit lokajivan ko sanjivani pradan karane vali 'bhaktidhara ke pravah ki katha' ke roop mean prabhavashali dhang se aankit kiya hai.
aparadh bodh ka anubhav
samajik paristhitiyoan se joojhate hue vyakti ke aantarman mean kamavritti ke ghat pratighat ka chitran bhi unhoanne vishvasaniy roop se kiya hai. kam ko ichchhashakti git aur srijan ke prerak ke roop mean grahan karane ke karan ve use bahut adhik mahatv dete haian. kam apane adharoan (vyaktiyoan) ke sat, raj, tam ke aanshoan ki nyoonadhikata ke karan sahasroan roop dharan kar sakata hai. apane nikrisht roop mean vah balatkar ya indriy bhog matr banakar rah jata hai to apane utkrisht roop mean prem ki sanjna pata hai. nagar ji ne kuantharahit hokar kintu uttaradayitv ke bodh ke sath kam ki vikrit (virahesh aur b di, lachchhoo aur uma mathur, lavasool aur juana adi), svaroop (sajjan aur vanakanya, ramesh aur ranivala adi) aur divy (somahuti aur hajya, tulasi aur ratnavali) evan inake anekanek mishrit roopoan ki chhaviyaan apani kritiyoan mean aanki haian. pi dita nari ke prati unaki sada sahanubhooti rahi hai, chahe vah kannagi ke sadrish ekanishth ho, chahe madhavi ke sadrish veshya. svarthi purush ki bhog-vasana hi nari ko veshya banati hai. at: purush hone ke karan unake prati nagar ji apane man mean aparadh bodh ka anubhav karate haian. jisaka aanshik parimarjan unhoanne sadbhavana poorn bheantavartaoan par adharit ye kothevaliyaan jaisi tathyapoorn kriti ke dvara kiya hai.
zindadili aur vinodi vritti
nagar ji ki zindadili aur vinodi vritti unaki kritiyoan ko kabhi vishadapoorn nahian banane deti. 'navabi masanad' aur 'seth baankemal' mean hasy vyangy ki jo dhara pravahit huee hai, vah anant dhara ke roop mean unake gambhir upanyasoan mean bhi vidyaman hai aur vibhinn charitroan evan sthitiyoan mean bich-bich mean prakat hokar pathak ko ullasit karati rahati hai. nagar ji ke charitr samaj ke vibhinn vargoan se grihit haian. unamean achchhe bure sabhi prakar ke log haian, kintu unake charitr-chitran mean manovishleshanatmakata ko kam aur ghatanaoan ke madhy unake vyavahar ko adhik mahatv diya gaya hai. anekanek ekayami saphal vishvasaniy charitroan ke sath-sath unhoanne booand aur samudr ki 'taee' jaise jatil charitroan ki srishti ki hai, jo ghrina aur karuna, vidvesh aur vatsaly, pratihiansa aur utsarg ki vilakshan samashti hai.
samajik paridrishy ko ubharane ki cheshta
kee samikshakoan ki shikayat rahi hai ki nagar ji apane upanyasoan mean 'sangrahavritti' se kam lete haian, 'chayanavritti' se nahian. isilie unamean anapekshit vistar ho jata hai. vastut: nagar ji ke b de upanyasoan mean samagr samajik jivan ko jhalakane ki drishti adyatan hai. at: tho de se charitroan par adharit subaddh kathanak paddhati ke sthan par ve shithil sambandhoan se ju di aur ek-doosare ki poorak lagane vali kathaoan ke madhyam se yathasambhav poore samajik paridrishy ko ubharane ki cheshta karate haian. mahabharat evan puranoan ke anushilan ne unhean is paddhati ki or prerit kiya hai. shilp par anavashyak bal dene ko ve uchit nahian manate. unaka kahana hai ki f aaurm ke lie maian pareshan nahian hota, bat jab bhitar-bhitar pakane lagati hai to vah apana f aaurm khud apane sath lati hai. maian saralata ko lekhak ke lie anivary gun manata hooan. jatilata, kutrimata, daanv-peanch se lekhak mahanh nahian ban sakata. isilie keval 'f aaurm' ke pichhe dau dane vale lekhak ko maian tutapanjiya samajhata hooan.
pramukh kritiyaan
amritalal nagar ne 1928 mean chhitaput evan 1932 se 1933 se jamakar likhana shuroo kiya. inaki prarambhik kavitaean megharaj indr ke nam se, kahaniyaan apane nam se tatha vyangyapoorn rekhachitr-nibandh adi taslim lakhanavi ke nam se likhit haian. yah kathakar ke roop mean supratishthit the. yah 'booand aur samudr' (1956) ke prakashan ke sath hindi ke pratham shreni ke upanyasakaroan ke roop mean many haian.
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bhasha
bhasha ke kshetriy prayogoan ko vividh vargoan mean prayukt bhinnataoan ke sath jyoan ka tyoan utar dene mean nagar ji ko kamal hasil hai. bolachal ki sahaj, chatul, chanchal bhasha gambhir darshanik samajik prasangoan ki guruta evan aantarang pranay prasangoan ki komalata ka nirvah karane ke lie kis prakar badal jati hai, ise dekhate hi banata hai. sachamuch bhasha par nagar ji ka asadharan adhikar hai. nagar ji shilp ke prati udasin haian. apane purane shilp se age badhane ki cheshta barabar karate rahe haian. 'booand aur samudr' mean pauranik shilp ke abhinav prayog ke anantar 'amrit aur vish' mean apane patroan ki duhari sattaoan ke adhar par do-do kathaoan ko sath-sath chalana, 'manas ka hans' mean flaish baik ke drishy roop ka vyapak prayog karana unaki shilp sajagata ke udaharan haian. phir bhi yah saty hai ki unake lie kathy hi mukhy hai shilp nahian.
puraskar
nagar ji ko 'booand' aur 'samudr' par kashi nagari pracharini sabha ka batuk prasad puraskar evan sudhakar rajat padak, 'suhag ke noopur' par uttar pradesh shasan ka 'premachand puraskar', 'amrit aur vish' par sahity akadami ka 1967 ka puraskar evan soviyat laiand neharoo puraskar 1970 tatha sahityik sevaoan par yugantar ka 1972 ka puraskar pradan kiya ja chuka hai.
mrityu
amritalal nagar ji ka nidhan sanh 23 faravari, 1990 ee. mean hua tha. nagar ji ki kritiyoan ne hindi sahity ki garima badhayi hai. nagar ji ke tin rangamanchiy natak evan 25 se adhik rediyo fichar aur bahut se nibandh haian, jo abhi tak prakashit nahian hue haian.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ amrit aur vish, prishth sankhya 716
sanbandhit lekh
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