अवलोकितेश्वर

avalokiteshvar
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vivaran	'avalokiteshvar' mahayan bauddh dharm sampraday ke sabase lokapriy bodhisatvoan mean se ek haian. dharm-kathaoan mean kaha gaya hai ki bina sansar ke samast praniyoan ka uddhar kiye ve svayan nirvan labh nahian kareange.
any nam	'kuanh yinh', 'kannon', 'chanre zigh', 'nidu-ber ujegaki', 'lokeshvar'
sat svaroop	'sho kannon', 'joo-ichi-main kannon', 'seanju kannon', 'jan-tei-kannon', 'fuku-kenajaku-kannon', 'ba-to-kannon', 'nyo-i-rin kannon'.
vishesh	theravadi deshoan mean avalokiteshvar ek aise mahayan bauddh aradhy dev haian, jinaki amataur par pooja ki jati hai.
sanbandhit lekh	buddh, bauddh dharm, bauddh chintan, bauddh sangiti
any janakari	avalokiteshvar svayanbhoo shashvat buddh, amitabh ke avatar haian, jinaki akriti shirovastr pahane dikhaee jati hai aur jinhoanne aitihasik gautam buddh ke prasthan aur bhavi buddh, maitrey ke prakat hone ke madhy kal mean vishv ka kalyan kiya tha.

avalokiteshvar bauddh dharm ki mahayan shakha ke sabase lokapriy aradhy dev haian. inaki vishv bhar mean manyata hai. unamean anant karuna hai. dharm-kathaoan mean kaha gaya hai ki bina sansar ke samast praniyoan ka uddhar kiye ve svayan nirvan labh nahian kareange. kaha jata hai ki avalokiteshvar apani asim karuna mean koee bhi roop dharan karake kisi du:khi prani ki sahayata ke lie a sakate haian. mahayan bauddh granth 'saddharmapuandarik' mean 'avalokiteshvar bodhisatv' ke mahatmy ka chamatkarapoorn varnan milata hai. jab prasiddh chini yatri fahyan bharat yatra par aya tha, tab usane sabhi jagah avalokiteshvar ki pooja hote hue dekhi thi.

nam ka arth

'avalokit' ek sanskrit shabd hai, jisaka arth hota hai- 'drishta' aur eeshvar' ya 'svami'. chini bhasha mean 'kuanh yinh', japani bhasha mean 'kannon', asimit karuna aur daya ke bodhisatv, sanbhavat: bauddh aradhy devoan mean se sarvadhik lokapriy, jinaki vishv bhar mean manyata hai. pratyek vyakti ko nirvan prapt karane mean sahayata pahuanchane tak apane buddhatv ko vilanbit karane ke karan unhean "bodhisatv ka sarvochch drishtaant" mana jata hai.

vyakhya

avalokiteshvar ke nam ki alag-alag roop se vyakhya ki gee hai. aise svami, jo har disha mean dekhate haian aur us vishv ke svami, jise ham dekhate haian. tibbat mean unhean 'chanre zigh' aur mangoliya mean 'nidu-ber ujegaki' ke roop mean mana jata hai. thaeelaiand aur hiand-chin mean unhean 'lokeshvar' ka nam diya gaya hai.

buddh ke avatar

avalokiteshvar svayanbhoo shashvat buddh, amitabh ke avatar haian, jinaki akriti shirovastr pahane dikhaee jati hai aur jinhoanne aitihasik gautam buddh ke prasthan aur bhavi buddh, maitrey ke prakat hone ke madhy kal mean vishv ka kalyan kiya tha. avalokiteshvar nauka durghatana, agni, hatyaroan, dakaitoan aur vany jivoan se raksha karate haian. vah us chauthe vishv ke srijanakarta haian, jo vastavik brahmaand hai aur jisamean ham rahate haian.

kianvadanti

kianvadanti ke anusar, ek bar unaka shish vishv mean ab tak anuddharitoan ki sankhya janakar du:kh se khandit ho gaya tha. amitabh buddh ne pratyek tuk de ko ek alag poora sir bana diya aur unhean tin-tin ke tin staroan mean rakhakar 10vean tuk de ko sabase oopar rakha. in sabake oopar unhoanne apani pratikriti ko rakha. kabhi-kabhi 11 sir ke avalokiteshvar ko hazaroan bhujaoan ke sath dikhaya jata hai. bhujaean mor ke pankhoan ki tarah phaili huee dikhaee deti haian. chitroan mean unhean keval safed rang mean dikhaya gaya hai. unaki sahachari devi tara haian. unaka paranparik nivas 'potala parvat' hai aur unaki akriti ko pray: parvat shikharoan par rakha jata hai.

sarvochch samman

uttari bharat mean avalokiteshvar ko sarvochch samman tisari se satavian shatabdi ke bich mean mila. chin mean unaki pooja pahali shatabdi ee. mean shuroo huee aur chhathian shatabdi tak yah sabhi bauddh mandiroan mean pratishthapit ho ge. chin mean 'suang vansh' (960-1126 ee.) se pahale bodhisatv ko keval purush roop mean dikhaya gaya. bad mean unaki akritiyaan donoan liangoan mean banian. is parivartan ki ek vivechana yah bhi hai ki bodhisatv n to purush haian aur n hi nari, vah to laiangik bhed se pare haian aur saansarik mandal mean unamean any sabhi prakar ka duharapan hai. is drishtikon ke anusar, unake sharir ki komal rooparekha aur laharate vastr ko pradarshit karati moortiyoan aur chitroan mean jan-boojhakar drishtigochar mooanchhoan ka samavesh kiya gaya, taki laiangik parichay ki anupasthiti par bal diya ja sake.

isake alava 'padmasootr' se yah arth nikala hai ki avalokiteshvar ke pas kashtoan ke haran ke lie manachaha roop dharan karane aur santan ka var dene ki kshamata hai. is darshanik siddhaant ki vaidhata ko svikrit karate hue ek any drishtikon ke anusar, kam se kam 12 vian shatabdi se kuanh-yinh ke lokapriy bhakti mat ne ek devi maan ke gunoan ko boddhisatv par adhyaropit kiya. rakshak kuanh-yinh ki vyaktigat pooja ka keandr 'niang-po' ke nikat pu'to dvip mean hai.

pavitr bhoomi mat ke anuyayiyoan ke anusar, amitabh aur bodhisatv mahasthanaprapt ke sath kuanh-yinh sarvashaktiman trimoorti ke aang haian. anuyayi buddh amitabh ka punarjanm pashchimi svarg mean manate haian. tribhoorti ki akriti pray: mandiroan mean pratishthapit hai aur kuanh-yinh ko chitr mean pashchimi svarg mean mritakoan ka svagat karate dikhaya jata hai. kuanh-yinh ka vyaktitv 'pavitr bhoomi' shakha ke dharm granthoan par adharit hai, jinaka tisari se paanchavian shatabdi ke bich chini bhasha mean anuvad kiya gaya.

lamaoan mean lokapriy

bodhisatv ka tibbat mean pravesh satavian shatabdi mean hua, jahaan vah shighr hi lamaoan mean sarvadhik lokapriy ban ge aur pratyek dalaee lama mean bar-bar punarhavatarit hue. prarthana mantr 'om mani padmahum' ki shuruat karane ka shrey tibbat ke logoan ko prapt hai. kuanh-yinh ka vyaktitv japan mean sanbhavat: koriya hokar pahuancha. nara mean sabase pahale jnat madhy satavian shatabdi ki akritiyaan 'horyo ji' mean haian. bodhisatv ki pooja kisi ek mat tak simit nahian thi aur poore japan mean inaki vyapak taur par upasana ki jati rahi.

sat pramukh svaroop

chin ki tarah kannon ke liang ke vishay mean kuchh bhram bana raha hai. japan mean vibhinn svaroop dharan karane ki kannon ki kshamata se sat pramukh svaroop ubharakar samane ae-

1. 'sho kannon' - sabase saral svaroop, pray: do hathoan vali kh di ya baithi huee akriti, jo ek hath mean kamal pak de hue hai.
2. 'joo-ichi-main kannon' - 11 siroan ke sath do ya char bhujaoan vali akriti.
3. 'seanju kannon' - ek hazar bhujaoan vale bodhisatv.
4. 'jan-tei-kannon' - sabase kam milane vala 18 bhujaoan ke sath baitha hua svaroop, kabhi-kabhi bharatiy devi kuanti se sanbandhit.
5. 'fuku-kenajaku-kannon' - teandee mat mean lokapriy, jinaka vishesh pratik chihn 'kamand' hai.
6. 'ba-to-kannon' - baloan mean gho de ke sir se jatit, prachand roop mean, sanbhavat: tibbat mean gho doan ke rakshak 'hayagriva' se sanbandhit.
7. 'nyo-i-rin kannon' - chhah bhujaoan ke sath baithi huee mudra mean, hathoan mean ichchha poorn karane vala mani ya ratn dharan kie hue.

gun

avalokiteshvar ke gunoan aur chamatkaroan ka kee bauddh sootroan mean varnan hai. tisari shatabdi mean avalokiteshvar sootr ko sarvadhik lokapriy 'saddharmapuandarik sootr' ya 'padmasootr' mean sammilit kiya gaya tha. halaanki yah chin mean ek svatantr granth ke roop mean bhi prachalit hai aur unaki vyaktitv pooja ka pramukh granth hai.

theravadi deshoan mean avalokiteshvar ek aise mahayan bauddh aradhy dev haian, jinaki amataur par pooja ki jati hai. in deshoan mean pali dharmasootr par adharit pooja hoti hai aur yahaan bodhisatv ki avadharana ko amataur par manyata nahian di jati. shrilanka mean unhean nath-dev ke roop mean mana jata hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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sanbandhit lekh

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