अहमदशाह अब्दाली

ahamadashah abdali|thumb|250px ahamadashah abdali athava 'ahamadashah durrani' san 1748 mean nadirashah ki maut ke bad afaganistan ka shasak bana tha. usane bharat par san 1748 se san 1758 tak kee bar chadhaee ki aur lootapat karata raha. usane apana sabase b da hamala san 1757 mean janavari ke mah mean dilli par kiya. us samay dilli ka shasak alamagir dvitiy tha. vah bahut hi kamazor aur darapok shasak tha. usane abdali se apamanajanak sandhi ki, jisamean ek shart dilli ko lootane ki anumati dena bhi tha. ahamadashah ek mah tak dilli mean thaharakar lootamar karata raha. vahaan ki loot mean use karo doan ki sanpada hath lagi thi.

abdali dvara braj ki bhishan loot

dilli lootane ke bad abdali ka lalach badh gaya. usane dilli se sati jatoan ki riyasatoan ko bhi lootane ka man banaya. braj par adhikar karane ke lie usane jatoan aur marathoan ke vivad ki sthiti ka poori tarah se fayada uthaya. ahamadashah abdali pathanoan ki sena ke sath dilli se agara ki or chala. abdali ki sena ki pahali muthabhe d jatoan ke sath ballabhagadh mean huee. vahaan jat saradar baloosianh aur soorajamal ke jyeshth putr javahar sianh ne sena ki ek chhoti tuk di lekar abdali ki vishal sena ko rokane ki koshish ki. unhoanne b di virata se yuddh kiya, lekin is yuddh mean unhean shatru sena se parajit hona p da.

akramanakariyoan ki loot

akramanakariyoan ne ballabhagadh aur usake as-pas loota aur vyapak jan−sanhar kiya. usake bad ahamadashah ne apane do saradaroan ke netritv mean 20 hazar pathan sainikoan ko mathura lootane ke lie bhej diya. usane unhean adesh diya− 'mathura nagar hinduoan ka pavitr sthan hai.' use poori tarah nestanabood kar do. agara tak ek bhi imarat kh di n dikhaee p de. jahaan-kahian pahuancho, qatle am karo aur looto. loot mean jisako jo milega, vah usi ka hoga. sipahi log kaphiroan ke sir kat kar layean aur pradhan saradar ke kheme ke samane dalate jayean. sarakari khazane se pratyek sir ke lie paanch rupaya inam diya jayaga.'

sena ka mathura ki or kooch

abdali ka adesh lekar sena mathura ki taraph chal di. mathura se lagabhag 8 mil pahale chaumuhaan par jatoan ki chhoti si sena ke sath unaki l daee huee. jatoan ne bahut bahaduri se yuddh kiya lekin dushmanoan ki sankhya adhik thi, jisase unaki har huee. usake bad jit ke unmad mean pathanoan ne mathura mean pravesh kiya. mathura mean pathan bharatapur daravaza aur maholi ki paur ke rastoan se aye aur mar−kat aur loot−pat karane lage.

• us samay phalgun ka mahina tha. holi ka tyohar ane vala tha. purush log galiyoan mean, s dak par dhol−dhap ke sath nach rahe the. auratean chhat par baith kar nach gane ko dekhakar khush ho rahi thian. sabhi log mauj-masti mean the, achanak abdali ki sena ne mar-kat aur loot-pat shuroo kar di. lagatar tin din tak nar vadh chalata raha. charoan taraph vibhatsata aur atyachar tha. sainik din mean loot-pat karate aur rat mean gharoan ko jalate. charoan taraph gali s dak chaurahoan par, makanoan ke oopar niche nar−muando ke dher lag gaye the, rang ki holi ki jagah par khoon ki holi manaee gee.
• 'bharatapur daravaze ke samip shitala ghati ki ek gali mean mathura devi ke mandir ke aandar ek gufa thi. pas ka janasamooh us gufa ko surakshit samajhakar usi mean ja ghusa. sainikoan ko usaka bhi pata lag gaya. sab log vahian bhasmi-bhoot karake golok patha diye gaye. us janasanhar mean buddhua (bauddh matavalanbi chaube) aur jane-mane mathuroan ka bahut vadh hua tha. unake vanshaj ab tak phalgun shukla 11,12,13 ko unaki smriti mean shraddh karate haian.'
• mathura ke chhatta bazar ki nagar gali ke sire par b de chauboan ke purane makan mean anek nar−nari aur bal−bachche ekatr the. yavanoan ne un sabako mar dala aur makan ko to dakar usamean ag laga di. us nasht bhavan ke avashesh lal patthar ke kalatmak burj ke roop mean aj bhi hai, jo abdali ke sainikoan ki barbarata ki kahani batata haian. abdali ke sainikoan ne mathura mean khoon ki holi khel shahar ke b de bhag ko holi ki tarah jala diya tha. ek pratyakshadarshi muslim ne likha hai− "s dakoan aur bazaroan mean sarvatr halal kiye hue logoan ke dh d p de hue the aur sara shahar jal raha tha. kitani hi imaratean dharashayi kar di gee thian. yamuna nadi ka pani nar−sanhar ke bad sat dinoan tak lagatar lal rang ka bahata raha. nadi ke kinare par bairagiyoan aur sannyasiyoan ki bahut-si jhop diyaan thian. unamean se har jhoanp di mean sadhu ke sir ke muanh se laga kar rakha hua gay ka kata sir dikhaee p data tha." sainik lagatar tin din mathura mean mar-kat aur loot-pat karate rahe. unhoanne mandiroan ko nashtakar moortiyoan ko to da, pande - pujariyoan ka qatl kar diya. sainik nivasiyoan ko gadha hua dhan dene ke lie majaboor karate the. striyoan ki ijjat lootate the. sainikoan ke atyacharoan se bachane ke lie nariyaan kuoan mean ya yamuna nadi mean doob kar mar geean. jo bachian, zyadatar ko sainik pak d kar apane sath le gaye. mathura mean loot ke bad abdali ke sainik vrindavan pahuanche. unhoanne vahaan bhi mar−kat ki aur mandiroan, gharoan ko loota, to da. ek pratyakshadarshi musalaman ne likha hai,− 'vrindavan mean jidhar nazar jati, murdoan ke dher ke dher dikhaee p date the. s dakoan se nikalana tak mushkil ho gaya tha. lashoan se aisi durgandh ati thi ki saans lena bhi doobhar ho gaya tha.'

thumb|250px|ahamadashah abdali

• jis samay vrindavan par abdali ke sainikoan ne akraman kiya, braj ke bhakt−kavi chacha vrindavanadas jan bachakar vrindavan se bharatapur pahuanch gaye. unhoanne jat raja soorajamal ke naye durg mean hi ek kavy rachana 'hari kala beli' ki rachana ki. isamean unhoanne vrindavan par yavanoan ke akraman aur usamean huee mar-kat ka marmasparshi varnan kiya hai. unhoanne likha hai−

"atharah sau terah baras, hari aisi kari.
jaman vigoyau des, vipatti, gadhi pari."

is rachana ke tin khand haian. pratham khand mean aurangajeb ke samay mean kie gaye hamale ka varnan kiya hai, jisamean radhavallabh ji ka mandir ke sath-sath jo prasiddh mandir−devalay to de gaye the, unaka varnan hai. doosare khand mean abdali dvara kie gaye hamale ka chitran hai. usamean vrindavan ke jo vaishnav bhakt mare gaye, unaka chitran hai.

sashastr naga sadhu

sainikoan ke mathura−vrindavan mean loot aur mar-kat karane ke bad abdali bhi apani sena ke sath mathura a pahuancha. braj kshetr ke tisare pramukh kendr gokul par usaki nazar thi. vah gokul ko loot-kar agara jana chahata tha. usane mathura se yamuna nadi par kar mahavan ko loota aur phir vah gokul ki or gaya. vahaan par sashastr naga sadhuoan ke ek b de dal ne yavan sena ka jam kar samana kiya. usi samay abdali ki fauj mean haija phail gaya, jisase afagan sainik b di sankhya mean marane lage. is vajah se abdali vapis laut gaya. is prakar nagaoan ki virata aur daivi madad se gokul loot-mar se bach gaya. gokul−mahavan se vapasi mean abdali ne phir se vrindavan mean loot ki. mathura−vrindavan ki loot mean hi abdali ko 'lagabhag 12 karo d rupaye ki dhanarashi prapt huee, jise vah tis hazar gho do, khachcharoan aur ootoan par lad kar le gaya. kitani hi striyoan ko bhi vahaan se afaganistan le gaya tha.'

agara mean loot

abdali ki sena braj mean to d-pho d, loot-pat aur mar-kat karati agara pahuanchi. usake sainikoan ne agara mean loot-pat aur mar−kat ki. yahaan usaki sena mean dobara haiza phail gaya aur vah jaldi hi laut gaya aur loot ki dhan−daulat apane desh afaganistan le gaya. musalaman lekhakoan ne likha hai− 'abdali dvara aisa bhari vidhvans kiya gaya tha ki agara−dilli s dak par jhop di bhi aisi nahian bachi thi, jisamean ek adami bhi jivit raha ho. abdali ki sena ke avagaman ke marg mean sabhi sthan aise barbad hue ki vahaan do ser ann tak milana kathin ho gaya tha.'

marathoan ka prabhutv

mugal samrajy ki avanati ke pashchath mathura par marathoan ka prabhutv sthapit hua aur is nagari ne sadiyoan ke pashchath chain ki saans li. 1803 ee. mean l aaurd lek ne siandhiya ko harakar mathura-agara pradesh ko apane adhikar mean kar liya.

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