इन्द्र

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Indra iandr vaidik yug ka pratham devata tha. use devataoan ke raja (devaraj) ke roop mean smaran kiya gaya hai. rrigved ke lagabhag ek chauthaee mantroan mean usaka ullekh hai. isase usake mahatv aur vyapak prabhav ka pata chalata hai. use kahian par sanjnavat ka devata bataya gaya hai jo badaloan mean garjan aur bijali paida karata hai. kahian par use soory devata mana gaya hai. parantu usaka mukhy mahatv devataoan ko vijayi banane ke karan hai. yah vijay vah prakritik shaktiyoan ko anukool banakar dilata hai. sath hi un par chapati nak vale aur kale adivasiyoan ko parajit karake bhi jo aryoan ka vistar rokate the. is prasang mean vrittasur ke sandarbh ka vishesh mahatv hai. jisaka vadh iandr ne dadhichi ki haddiyoan ke vajr se kiya tha.

rrigved mean indr

rrigved ke pray: 250 sooktoan mean indr ka varnan hai tatha 50 sookt aise haian jinamean doosare devoan ke sath indr ka varnan hai. is prakar lagabhag rrigved ke chaturthaansh mean indr ka varnan paya jata hai. isase ham is nishkarsh par pahuanchate haian ki indr vaidik yug ka sarvapriy devata tha. indr shabd ki vyutpatti evan arth aspasht hai. adhikaansh vidvanoan ki sammati mean indr jhanjhavat ka devata hai. jo badaloan mean garjan evan bijali ki chamak utpann karata hai. kintu hilabraint ke mat se indr soory devata hai. vaidik bharatiyoan ne indr ko ek prabal bhautik shakti mana jo unaki sainik vijay evan samrajyavadi vicharoan ka pratik hai. prakriti ka koee bhi upadan itana shaktishali nahian jitana vidyut-prahar. indr ko agnidev ka ju davaan bhaee ^[1] kaha gaya hai jisase vidyutiy agni evan yajnavediy agni ka samipy prakat hota hai.

rrigved mean antariksh sthaniy 'indr' ka varnan sarvadhik pratapi devata ke roop mean kiya gaya hai, rrigved ke qarib 250 sooktoan mean inaka varnan hai. inhean varsha ka devata mana jata tha. unhoanne vriksh rakshas ko mara tha isilie unhean 'vritrahan' kaha jata hai. anek qiloan ko nasht kar diya tha, is roop mean ve 'purandar' kahe jate haian. indr ne vritr ki hatya karake jal ko mukt kiya tha isalie unhean 'purmid' kaha gaya. indr ke lie ek visheshan 'ansujit' (pani ko jitane vala) sambodhan bhi ata hai. indr ke pita 'dyoans' haian, 'agni' usaka yamaj bhaee hai aur 'marut' usaka sahayogi hai. vishnu ke vritr ke vadh mean indr ki sahayata ki thi. rrigved mean indr ko samast sansar ka svami bataya gaya hai. usaka priy ayuddh 'bajr' hai isalie unhean 'brajabahoo' bhi kaha gaya hai. indr kushal rath-yoddha (ratheshth), mahanh vijeta (vijendr) aur som ka palan karane vala 'somapa' hai. indr toofan aur megh ke bhi devata hai . ek shaktishali devata hone ke karan indr ka 'shatakratu' (ek sau shakti dharan karane vala) kaha gaya hai, vritr ka vadh karane ka karan 'vritrahan' aur 'madhavan' (danashil) ke roop mean jana jata hai. unaki patni indrani athava shachi (oorja) haian. prachin bharatiy granthoan mean indr ke sath krishna ke virodh ka ullekh milata hai. [[chitr:Indra-And-Vishnu-1.jpg|thumb|250px|iandr aur vishnu]]

parichay

indr ki charitavali mean vritravadh ka b da mahattv hai.

adhikaansh vaidik vidvanoan ka mat hai ki vritr sookha (anavrishti) ka danav hai aur un badaloan ka pratik hai jo akash mean chhaye rahane par bhi ek booand jal nahian barasate. indr apane vajr prahar se vritraroopi danav ka vadh kar jal ko mukt karata hai aur phir prithvi par varsha hoti hai. oldenavarg evan hilabraint ne vritr-vadh ka doosara arth prastut kiya hai. unaka mat hai ki parthiv parvatoan se jal ki mukti indr dvara huee hai.
hilabraint ne soory roopi indr ka varnan karate hue kaha hai: vritr shit (sardi) evan him ka pratik hai, jisase mukti keval soory hi dila sakata hai. ye donoan hi kalpanaean indr ke do roopoan ko prakat karati haian, jinaka pradarshan maidanoan ke jhanjhavat aur himachchhadit parvatoan par tapate hue soory ke roop mean hota hai. vritr se yuddh karane ki taiyari ke vivaran se prakat hota hai ki devoan ne indr ko apana nayak banaya tatha use shaktishali banane ke lie prabhoot bhojan-pan adi ki vyavastha huee. indr prabhoot somapan karata hai. indr ka astr vajr hai jo vidyut prahar ka hi ek kalpanik nam hai.
rrigved mean indr ko jahaan anavrishti ke danav vritr ka vadh karane vala kaha gaya hai, vahian use ratri ke andhakar roopi danav ka vadh karane vala evan prakash ka janm dene vala bhi kaha gaya hai.
rrigved ke tisare mandal ke varnananusar vishvamitr ke prarthana karane par indr ne vipasha (vyas) tatha shatadru nadiyoan ke athah jal ko sukha diya, jisase bharatoan ki sena asani se in nadiyoan ko par kar gayi.

vibhinn pransag

iandr ke pita ka nam tvashta ya dyauah milata hai aur mata shavasi. shachi ya iandrani usaki patni hai jisaki ganana saptamatrikaoan mean hoti hai. isako kahian par kashyap aur aditi ka putr bataya gaya hai to kahian par prajapati ka. jayant usaka putr tha jisane sita ki jangha par choanch mari thi aur jo samudr manthan ke samay amrit ghat lekar bhaga tha. bali aur paandav arjun bhi isi ke sansarg se paida hue the. vedoan mean agni aur soory ke sath isaki ganana hoti thi. yah airavat hathi ki savari karata hai. uchchaiahshrava isaka gho da hai. vajr isaka astr aur amaravati isaka nivas hai. isake nandan van mean parijat paya jata hai. thumb|250px| iandr airavat hathi ki savari karate hue.|left

indr ki shaktiyaan

indr ke yuddh kaushal ke karan aryoan ne prithvi ke danavoan se yuddh karane ke lie bhi indr ko sainik neta man liya. indr ke parakram ka varnan karane ke lie shabdoan ki shakti aparyapt hai. vah shakti ka svami hai, usaki ek sau shaktiyaan haian. chalis ya isase bhi adhik usake shaktisoochak nam haian tatha lagabhag utane hi yuddhoan ka vijeta use kaha gaya hai. vah apane un mitroan evan bhaktoan ko bhi vaisi vijay evan shakti deta hai, jo us ko somaras arpan karate haian.

indr evan varun ka sanyukt varnan

nau sooktoan mean indr evan varun ka sanyukt varnan hai. donoan ekata dharan kar som ka pan karate haian, vritr par vijay prapt karate haian, jal ki naharean khodate haian aur soory ka akash mean niyamit parichalan karate haian. yuddh mean sahayata, vijay pradan karana, dhan ev unnati dena, dushtoan ke viruddh apana shaktishali vajr bhejana tatha rajjurahit bandhan se baandhana adi karyoan mean donoan mean samanata hai. kintu yah samanata unake srishti vishayak gunoan mean kyoan n ho, unamean maulik chh: antar hai:

varun raja hai,
asuratv ka sarvotkrisht sattadhari hai tatha usaki ajnao ka palan devagan karate haian,
jabaki indr yuddh ka premi evan vair-dhooli ko phailane vala hai.
indr vajr se vritr ka vadh karata hai, jabaki varun sadhu (vinamr) hai aur vah sandhi ki raksha karata hai.
varun shanti ka devata hai, jabaki indr yuddh ka dev hai evan marootoan ke sath samman ki khoj mean rahata hai.
indr shatrutavash vritr ka vadh karata hai, jab ki varun apane vratoan ki raksha karata hai.

pauranik mat

pauranik devamandal mean indr ka vah sthan nahian hai jo vaidik devamandal mean hai. pauranik devamandal mean trimoorti-brahma, vishnu aur shiv-ka mahattv badh jata hai. indr phir bhi devadhiraj mana jata hai. vah dev-lok ki rajadhani amaravati mean rahata hai, sudharma usaki rajasabha tatha sahastr mantriyoan ka usaka mantrimandal hai. shachi athava indrani patni, airavat hathi (vahan) tatha astr vajr athava ashani hai. jab bhi koee manav apani tapasya se indrapad prapt karana chahata hai to indr ka sianhasan sankat mean p d jata hai. apane sianhasan ki raksha ke lie indr pray: tapasviyoan ko apsaraoan se mohit kar pathabhrasht karata hua paya jata hai. puranoan mean is sambandh ki anek kathaean milati haian. pauranik indr shaktiman, samriddh aur vilasi raja ke roop mean chitrit hai.

katha

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Indra ek bar anavrishti ke karan akal p da. rrishigan jivit the, tatha tapasyarat the. unhean nishchiant dekhakar indr vahaan par prakat hue aur unase poochhane lage ki ve kis prakar jivit hai? rrishigan bole-'matr vrishti hi manushy ke jivan ka sadhan nahian hai. prakriti har sthiti aur rritu ke anukool manushy ke jivit rahane ka prabandh kar deti hai. udaharan ke lie maroobhoomi mean bhi kuchh n kuchh khady upalabdh hota hi hai tathapi anavrishti kashtakar avashy rahati hai.' rrishigan pun: tap rat ho gaye.^[2]

prajapati ki ukti thi ki paparahit, jarashoony, mrityu-shok adi vikaroan se rahit atma ko jo koee jan leta hai, vah sanpoorn lok tatha sabhi kamanaoan ko prapt kar leta hai. prajapati ki ukti sunakar devata tatha asur donoan hi us atma ko janane ke lie utsuk ho uthe, at: devataoan ke raja indr tatha asuroan ke raja virochan paraspar eershyabhav ke sath hathoan mean samidhaean lekar prajapati ke pas pahuanche. donoan ne battis varsh tak brahmachary palan kiya, taduparaant prajapati ne unake ane ka prayojan poochha. unaki jijnasa janakar prajapati ne unhean jal se apoorit sakore mean dekhane ke lie kaha aur kaha ki vahi atma hai. donoan sakoroan mean apana-apana pratibianb dekhakar, santusht hokar chal p de. prajapati ne socha ki dev hoan ya asur, atma ka sakshatkar kiye bina usaka parabhav hoga. virochan santusht man se asuroan ke pas pahuanche aur unhean bataya ki atma (deh) hi poojaniy hai. usaki paricharya karake manushy donoan lok prapt kar leta hai.

devataoan ke pas pahuanchane se poorv hi indr ne socha ki sakore mean abhooshan pahanakar sajjit roop dikhata hai, khandit deh ka khandit roop, aandhe ka aandha roop, phir yah ajar-amar atma kaise huee? ve pun: prajapati ke pas pahuanche. prajapati ne indr ko pun: battis varsh apane pas rakha taduparaant bataya-'jo svapn mean poojit hota hua vicharata hai, vahi atma, amrit, abhay tatha brahm haian.' indr pun: shanka lekar prajapati ki seva mean prastut hue. is prakar tin bar battis-battis varsh tak tatha ek bar paanch varsh tak (kul 101 varsh tak) indr ko brahmachary rakhakar prajapati ne unhean atma ke svaroop ka poorn jnan in shabdoan mean karavaya-

yah atma svaroop sthit hone par avidyakrit deh tatha indriyaan man se yukt haian. sarvatmabhav ki prapti ke uparaant vah akash ke saman vishuddh ho jata hai. atma ke jnan ko prapt kar manushy kartavy-karm karata hua apani ayu ki samapti kar brahmalok ko prapt hota hai aur phir nahian lautata.^[3]

ramayan mean indr

devataoan ka raja indr kahalata tha. use meshavrishan bhi kahate haian. ram-ravan yuddh dekhakar kinnaroan ne kaha ki yah yuddh saman nahian hai kyoanki ravan ke pas to rath hai aur ram paidal haian. at: indr ne apana rath ram ke lie bheja, jisamean indr ka kavach, b da dhanush, ban tatha shakti bhi the. vinit bhav se hath jo dakar matali ne ramachandr se kaha ki ve rathadi vastuoan ko grahan karean.^[4] yuddh-samapti ke bad ram ne matali ko ajna di ki vah indr ka rath adi lautakar le jay^[5]

durvasa muni ka shrap

ek bar indr madirapan kar unmatt ho gaye. ve ekaant mean ranbha ke sath kri da kar rahe the, tabhi durvasa muni apane shishyoan ke sath unake yahaan pahuanche. indr ne atithisatkar kiya. durvasa ne ashirvad ke sath ek parijat pushp indr ko diya. vah pushp vishnu se upalabdh hua tha. indr ko aishvary ka itana mad tha ki unhoanne vah pushp apane hathi ke mastak par rakh diya. pushp ke prabhav se hathi alaukik garimayukt hokar jangal mean chala gaya. indr use sanbhalane mean asamarth rahe. durvasa ne unhean shrihin hone ka shrap diya. amaravati bhi atyant bhrasht ho chali. indr pahale brihaspati ki aur phir brahma ki sharan mean pahuanche. samast devata vishnu ke pas gaye. unhoanne lakshmi ko sagar-putri hone ki ajna di. at: lakshmi sagar mean chali gayi. vishnu ne lakshmi ke parityag ki vibhinn sthitiyoan ka varnan karake unhean sagar manthan karane ka adesh diya. manthan se jo anek ratn nikale, unamean lakshmi bhi thi. lakshmi ne narayan ko varamala dekar prasann kiya.

sahastrar namak raja ki patni manas suandari jab garbhavati huee to udas rahane lagi. raja ke poochhane par usane bataya ki indr ka vaibhav dekhane ki usaki utkat abhilasha thi. raja ne use turant indr ki rriddhi ke darshan karaye. phalasvaroop usaki kokh se jis balak ne janm liya usaka nam indr hi rakha gaya. vanareandr indr ke vaibhav ke vishay mean sunakar lanka ke adhipati mali ne apane chhote bhaee sumali ke sath indr par akraman kiya. anek sainikoan ke sath mali mara gaya. sumali ne bhagakar patal lankapuhri mean pravesh kiya. tadanantar indr vastav mean 'indravat' ho gaya. ^[6]

vatsanabh ki tapasya

mukhy lekh : vatsanabh

vatsanabh namak maharshi ne kathor tapasya ka vrat liya. ve tapasyarat the.
unake sare sharir par dimak ne ghar bana liya.
baanbi-roopi vatsanabh tab bhi tapasya mean lage rahe.
indr ne bhayanak varsha ki, dimak ka ghar bah gaya tatha varsha ka prahar rrishi ke sharir ko kasht pahuanchane laga.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ rrigved .6.59.2
↑ rrigved mandal 9
↑ chhandogyopanishad, adhyay 8, khand 7-15.–
↑ balmiki ramayan, yuddh kaand, sarg 103, shlok, 2-13
↑ balmiki ramayan, yuddh kaand, sarg 115, shlok, 4
↑ pum charit, 7.1-41.-

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] rrigved .6.59.2

[2] rrigved mandal 9

[3] yopanishad, adhyay 8, khand 7-15.–

[4] ramayan, yuddh kaand, sarg 103, shlok, 2-13

[5] ramayan, yuddh kaand, sarg 115, shlok, 4

[6] um charit, 7.1-41.-

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