इमाम

imam ali ke betoan ki upadhi hai. imam shabd ka arabi arth hai neta ya nirdeshak.

• islami sanpradayoan ki shabdavali mean 'imam' shabd ka prayog vibhinn artho mean hota hai -
  • sunni musalaman imam ya 'pesh imam' shabd ka prayog samoohik prarthanaoan ke neta ke lie karate haian.
  • sunni qanoon ki pustakoan mean 'imam' shabd ka prayog 'rajy ke svami' ke lie hua hai.
  • sunni musalaman imam shabd ka prayog apani nyayapaddhati ke mahanh adhishthataoan ke lie bhi karate haian. ye pramukh nyayashastri mahanh abbasi khaliphaoan ke samay mean avatarit hue the, tathapi shishtacharavash imam ki padavi se kabhi kabhi in logoan ke bad ke pramukh nyayavettaoan ko bhi vibhooshit kar diya jata hai.
• shiya imam shabd ka prayog apani 12 pavitr imamoan ke lie karate haian jinake nam is prakar haian -

1. hajarat ali
2. hasan
3. husain
4. ali jainul abdin
5. muhammad bakar
6. zaphar sadik
7. moosa kazim
8. aliraza
9. muhammad taqi
10. ali naki
11. hasan asakari aur
12. muhammad al mutazar (imam meanhadi)

• in 12 mean se aantim imam meanhadi apane balyakal mean hi ek gupha mean jakar adrishy ho ge aur shiya tatha sunni donoan hi vargo ki manyata hai ki ve vapas aeange.
• shiya musalaman apane imamoan ke tin adhikar manate haian -

1. ye paiangabar ke rajy ke adhikrit uttaradhikari the aur inako is adhikar se anuchit roop se vanchit kar diya gaya,
2. imamoan ne atyant pavitr aur paparahit jivan vyatit kiya, tatha
3. unako samast jati ko nirdesh dene ka adhikar hai. nirdesh ka yah adhikar mujatahidoan ko bhi prapt hai. shiya mujatahid us dharmik adhyapak ko kahate haian jisake pas moolat: kisi imam dvara pradatt pramanapatr ho.

• shiya musalamanoan ke ismaili dal ke log imam ko ek avatar ya eeshvariy vyaktitv ke roop mean svikar karate haian. vah quran mean pratipadit astha ko to samapt nahian kar sakata, kiantu vah quran ke qanoon ko poornat: ya aanshik roop se samapt ya parivartit kar sakata hai. is adhikar ke paksh mean diya jane vala tark yah hai ki qanoon mean desh aur kal ke anusar parivartan avashyak hai aur imam, jo ek 'avatar' hai, is parivartan ko karyanvit karane ke lie ekamatr upayukt vyakti hai. is prakar ismaili log apane imam ko paiganbar se bhi adhik mahattvapoorn sthan pradan karate haian. ismaili dharmik shiyaoan ke keval pratham chhah imamoan ko manate haian. chhathe imam zaphar sadik ne apane putr ismail ko uttaradhikar se vanchit kar diya, kiantu ismaili log isako uttaradhikar ke eeshvariy niyamoan mean avaidhanik hastakshep manate haian.

madhyayug mean imam

madhyayug mean dharmaparayan musalamanoan ne ismailiyoan ka atyant nirdayata se vinash kiya. pratyuttar mean ismailiyoan ne gupt aandolan praranbh kar diya. parinam yah hua ki logoan ne ismailiyoan ke anek siddhaantoan ko galat samajha aur vyakt kiya. ismaili imam sarvavidit bhi ho sakata hai, jaise - misr ke fatimi khalifa tatha eeran mean alamut ke imam , aur aprakat ya guhy bhi. guhy imam ki sthiti keval usake pratinidhi ko jnat hoti hai. yah pratinidhi imam ki or se karyasanchalan karata hai, kiantu isako islami sansthaoan mean parivartan karane ka adhikar nahian hota. ismaili musalamanoan ke anek daloan mean, jaise - bharat ke daudi aur sulemani bohare, shatabdiyoan se keval imam ke pratinidhi hi avatarit hue haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh