उपनिषद ब्राह्मण

upanishad-brahman ka namantar chhandogy-brahman bhi hai. isamean 10 prapathak haian. isi nam se durgamohan bhattachary ne ise sampadit kar kalakatta se prakashit karaya hai. pratham do prapathakoan mean grihyakrityoan mean viniyukt mantr sankalit hai. isilie sauvidhyavash is aansh ko mantrabrahman ya mantr-parv bhi kah diya jata hai. shesh ath prapathak chhandogy upanishad kahalate haian. mantr aur upanishad donoan hi aanshoan ko milakar sampoorn granth 'upanishad-brahman' ke roop mean prasiddh raha hai, jaisa ki katipay hastalekhoan ki pushpikaoan mean kaha gaya hai. tatpary yah hai ki is brahman ke donoan bhagoan karmakandaparak mantrabhag aur upanishadansh- ko milakar ek poorn granth ban jata hai. mantr-brahman ka hi doosara nam chhandogy-brahman nahian hai jaisa ki katipay vidvanoan ne kaha hai.

chhandogy brahman mean kul 268 grihyamantr haian. ye sabhi mantr gobhil aur khadir grihyasootroan ke antargat vibhinn grihyakrityoan mean viniyukt haian. chhandogy brahman ka mantr-kram grihyasootr ke kram ka anugami hai. gobhil aur khadir donoan hi sootrakar pray: grihyakrity ka varnan karake pathaniy mantr ke lie chhandogy brahman ka sandarbh de dete haian. chhandogy brahman ke sath sootragranthoan ki nikatata ke adhar par pro. n aauyer (Knauer) ne mat vyakt kiya hai ki gobhilagrihyasootr chhandogy brahman par adhrit hai. vintaranits ne bhi isase sahamati prakat ki hai, kintu olden varg ka vichar hai ki chhandogy brahman aur gobhil ggrihyasootr donoan hi granth kisi samanantar yojana ke antargat rachit haian. khadir grihyasootr mean bhashyakar rudraskand ne 'athato grihyakarmani' ke vishay mean kaha hai ki yah kisi poorvavarti vaidikagranth ka dyotak hai, jisamean 'dev savit:' mantr sankalit tha- 'ath anantaramh. kasmath anantaramh. 'dev savit', ityadi mantravath shakhadhyayanath.' yahaan spashtaroop se chhandogy brahman ka sandarbh nihit hai, kyoanki usi ka prarambh 'dev savit:' mantr se hai.

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chhandogy brahman par do vyakhyaean haian- gunavishnukrit 'chhandogy-mantr-bhashy' tatha sayan-krit 'vedarthaprakash'. gunavishnu sayan se poorvavarti haian. chhandogy brahman mean mantr-bhag ke atirikt ath prapathakoan athava adhyayoan mean suprasiddh chhandogyopanishad hai. chhandogy upanishad aur kenopanishad ke shantipath ek haian, is adhar par katipay adhyetaoan ne ise tavalakar shakhiy batalaya hai. kintu yah poornataya kauthumashakhiy hai, kyoanki shankarachary ne ise 'tandinamupanishad' ke roop mean hi uddhrit kiya hai. chhandogy upanishad ki varnan shaili atyant kramabaddh aur yukti yukti hai. isamean tattvajnan aur tadupayogi karm tatha upasanaoan ka vishad varnan hai. shankarachary ne is par bhashy pranayan kiya hai, jisake karan isaka mahattv svayamev spasht hai. upanishad ke pratham paanch adhyayoan mean vibhinn upasanaoan ka mukhyataya varnan hai aur antim tin adhyayoan mean tattvajnan ka isamean anek mahattvapoorn akhyan aur upakhyan aye haian, yatha- shilak, dalbhy aur pravahan ka sanvad, upasti, shauvasam, raja janashruti aur raikv, satyakam tatha kekay ashvapati ke akhyan. sam-gan ki darshanik adhishthan par vyakhya karate hue ooankar tatha sam ke nigoodh svaroop ka vivechan kiya gaya hai. shauv udgith mean bhautik prayojanoan se prerit hokar yajnanushthan aur sam-gan karane valoan par vyangy kiya gaya hai. isamean sanbhavat: samavidhan brahman aur shadaviansh brahman ke adbhut shantiprakaran mean vihit vibhinn abhichar aur kamyakarmoan ki or sanket hai. upanishadansh par shaankarabhashy ke atirikt anand tirth adi ke bhashy bhi upalabdh haian.

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