उस्ताद अमीर ख़ाँ
ustad amir khaan
| |
| poora nam | ustad amir khaan |
| prasiddh nam | ustad amir khaan sahab |
| janm | 15 agast, 1912 |
| janm bhoomi | iandaur, madhy pradesh |
| mrityu | 13 faravari, 1974 |
| mrityu sthan | kalakatta (ab kolakata) pashchim bangal |
| abhibhavak | change khan (dada), shahamir khan (pita) |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | shastriy gayan |
| mukhy filmean | 'baijoo bavara', 'shabab', 'jhanak jhanak payal baje', 'ragini', 'gooanj uthi shahanaee' adi. |
| puraskar-upadhi | sangit natak akadami puraskar, padm bhooshan |
| vishesh yogadan | ustad amir khaan ne "ativilanbit lay" mean ek prakar ki "badhat" lakar sabako chakit kar diya tha. is badhat mean age chalakar saragam, tanean, bol-tanean, jinamean merukhandi aang bhi hai, aur akhir mean madhyalay ya drut lay, chhota khayal ya rubaedar tarana pesh kiya. |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| any janakari | inake pita shahamir khan bhiandi bazar gharane ke sarangi vadak the, jo iandaur ke holakar rajagharane mean bajaya karate the aur inake dada, change khan to bahadur shah zafar ke darabar mean gayak the. |
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ustad amir khaan (aangrezi: Ustad Amir Khan, janm: 15 agast, 1912; 13 faravari, 1974) bharat ke prasiddh shastriy sangit gayak the. ustad amir khaan ko kala ke kshetr mean bharat sarakar dvara, san 1971 mean padm bhooshan se sammanit kiya gaya tha.
jivan parichay
ustad amir khaan ka janm 15 agast, 1912 ko iandaur mean ek sangit parivar mean hua tha. pita shahamir khan bhiandi bazar gharane ke sarangi vadak the, jo iandaur ke holakar rajagharane mean bajaya karate the. unake dada, change khan to bahadur shah zafar ke darabar mean gayak the. amir ali ki maan ka dehant ho gaya tha jab ve keval nau varsh ke the. amir aur unaka chhota bhaee bashir, jo bad mean akashavani iandaur mean sarangi vadak bane, apane pita se sarangi sikhate hue b de hone lage. lekin jald hi unake pita ne mahasoos kiya ki amir ka rujhan vadan se zyada gayan ki taraf hai. isalie unhoanne amir ali ko zyada gayan ki talim dene lage. khud is lain mean hone ki vajah se amir ali ko sahi talim milane lagi aur vo apane hunar ko pukhta, aur zyada pukhta karate ge. amir ne apane ek mama se tabala bhi sikha. apane pita ke sujhav par amir ali ne 1936 mean madhy pradesh ke rayagadh sansthan mean maharaj chakradhar sianh ke pas karyarat ho gaye, lekin vahaan ve keval ek varsh hi rahe. 1937 mean unake pita ki mrityu ho gee. vaise amir khan 1934 mean hi bambee (ab mumbee) sthanaantarit ho gaye the aur manch par pradarshan bhi karane lage the. isi dauran ve kuchh varsh dilli mean aur kuchh varsh kalakatta (ab kolakata) mean bhi rahe, lekin desh vibhajan ke bad sthayi roop se bambee mean ja base.[1]
gayan shaili
ustad amir khan ke gayaki ka jahaan tak saval hai, unhoanne apani shaili akhtiyar ki, jisamean abdul vahid khan ka vilanbit aandaz, rajab ali khan ke tan aur aman ali khan ke merukhand ki jhalak milati hai. iandaur gharane ke is khas shaili mean adhyatmikta, dhrupad aur khayal ke mishran milate haian. ustad amir khan ne "ativilanbit lay" mean ek prakar ki "badhat" la kar sabako chakit kar diya tha. is badhat mean age chalakar saragam, tanean, bol-tanean, jinamean merukhandi aang bhi hai, aur akhir mean madhyalay ya drut lay, chhota khayal ya rubaedar tarana pesh kiya. ustad amir khan ka yah manana tha ki kisi bhi khayal kampozishan mean kavy ka bahut b da hath hota hai, is or unhoanne 'sur rang' ke nam se kee kampozishans khud likhe haian. amir khan ne tarana ko lokapriy banaya. jhumara aur ekatal ka prayog apane gayan mean karate the, aur sangat dene vale tabala vadak se vo sadharan theke ki hi maang karate the.[1]thumb|left|ustad amir khaan
khayal ka azim-o-shan shahanshah
ustad amir khaan sahab hiandustani shastriy sangit ke us aise fanakar the, jinhean kabhi bhulaya nahian ja sakata. iandaur gharane ke ustad amir khaan sahab, jinhean khayal ka azim-o-shan shahanshah mana jata hai. isake bavajood ki khaan sahab iandaur riyasat ke asapas pale-badhe, unake pita aur dada ji usi riyasat mean sangit ke roop mean mulajim the, jis vajah se unhoanne apane gharane ko iandaur ka nam diya. unaki gayan shaili mean koee riyasat vali soch ya protsahan nahian tha, balki unaki shaili mean ek aisa vairagy sunane mean ata hai, jisase asani se pata chal jata hai ki asal mean aur akhir tak ve soofi hi the. ustad amir khaan roohani taur par apane apako amir khusaro ke gharane se jo date the, ek aisi paranpara, jisamean gane-bajane vale sangitakar log soofi santoan ke asapas ek alaukik jhuand banakar baithe rahate aur unake kaul aur bachan gate. jahaan mausiki aur sangit ko ibadat ka ek jariya mana jata. aur jaise-jaise ustad amir khaan sahab apane vaqt ke kalakaroan ko sunane lage, unhoanne apani hi soch se ek aisi shaili ka nirman kiya, jo riyasat ke phandoan se kosoan door bhag chali aee, jahaan sangit ki paribhasha dhyan aur ibadat hi thi. yahaan rajaoan aur maharajaoan ko rijhane vali bat n thi, n maharaja ki najar mean doosare kalakaroan se baji marane vali bat. n sangit ke saman ka koee pradarshan bhi. dekha jae to gayaki ki is anokhi khoj ko yadi ek shabd mean kaha jae to vah shabd tha sadagi, jo soophiyoan ki bhasha mean ek jabardast pahuancha hue shabd mana jata hai.
avaz ki alag-alag kismean hoti haian, aur in alag-alag kismoan se hi khayal gayakiyaan banian, lekin ustad amir khaan sahab ki avaz ki koee kism hi n thi. vah to sirph ek adhoori bhav se bani. ap gale ko pha d kar avaz bahar ki taraf n pheanke. ap avaz ko apane aandar lagaean, jab tak use koee aandar se n pak d le. ek bar yah ho jae, phir ap ki avaz sunaee de, jaise bhi sunaee de. is svar ki koee shart hi nahian thi. n yah svar samajhata, n hi suandar hi banane ki koshish karata. n yah svar koee drama karata, n oopari taur se shrriangarik banane ki koshish rakhata. is svar se to koee gata rahata aur isi svar lagav se ustad amir khaan, amir khaan bane. soofiyoan ki bhasha mean ise fana kahate haian, apane ap mean pahale mit jana, phir us mitane mean se usako zianda rakhana. hiandustani shastriy sangit ke lie yah garv ki bat hai ki ustad amir khaan sahab ke bad, kee pidhiyaan- gane vale aur bajane vale- unhean pagalapan ki had tak mohabbat karane lage. ek vaqt aisa aya, jab dooradaraj, unake sangit ko sune bina, ab gana-bajana hi namumakin ho gaya tha. sach bat to yah hai ki suee ka kona poori pradakshina kar chuka tha.[2]
mahan gayak
ustad amir khaan ki pratibha ke asvikar ka aranbh to usi samay ho gaya tha, jab ve shastriy sangit ke ek daksh gayak banane ke svapn se bhare hue the aur rayagadh darabar mean ek yuvatar gayak ki tarah apani apratim pratibha ke valaboote sangit-sansar mean ek sarvamany jagah banane mean lage hue the. ek bar unake ashrayadata ne unhean mirjapur mean sampann hone vali ek bhavy-sangit sabha mean pratibhagi ki bataur bheja, taki ve vahaan jakar apani gayaki ki ek prabhavakari upasthiti darj karava ke lautean. lekin, unhoanne jaise hi apana gayan shuroo kiya chautarapha ek khalabali-si hone lagi aur rasikoan ke bich se unake virodh ke svar uthane lage, jo jald hi shoragul mean badal gaye. us sangit-sabha mean prasiddh gayak inayat khaan, phaiyaj khaan aur kesharabaee bhi apani prastutiyaan dene ke lie maujood the. halaanki in varishth gayakoan ne samuday se agrah karake unako sune jane ki taqid bhi ki lekin asanyat-shrota samuday ne unake us nivedan ki sarvatha anasuni kar di. is ghatana se hue apaman-bodh ne yuva gayak amir khaan ke man mean ‘amir‘ banane ke dridh sankalp se sath diya. ve janate the, ek gayak ki ‘sampannata‘, usake ‘svar‘ ke sath hi sath ‘kathin sadhana‘ bhi hai. natijatan, ve apane grih nagar indaur laut aye, jahaan unaki parampara aur poorvajoan ki pooanji dabi p di thi. unake pita ustad shahamir khaan the, jinaka gahara sambandh bhindi bazar gharane ki prasiddh gayika aanjanibaee malapekar ke sath tha. ve unake sath sarangi par sangat kiya karate the. pita ki yahi vastavik khvahish bhi thi ki unaka beta amir khaan apane samay ka ek mashahoor sarangi vadak ban jaye. unhean lagata tha, yah doobata ilm hai. kyoanki, sarangi ki pratishtha kafi kshin thi aur vah keval kothe se ju di mahaphiloan ka anivary hissa thi, lekin ve yah bhi janate the ki manushy ke kanth ke baraks hi sarangi ke svar haian. aur unake pas ki yah pooanji putr ke pas pahuanch kar akshunn ho jaegi.
baharahal, putr ki vapasi se unhean ek kism ki tasalli bhi huee ki shayad vah phir se apane pushtaini vady ki or apani purani aur paramparagat asakti badha le. lekin, yuva gayak ‘amir‘ ke avachetan jagath mean mirjapur ki sangit-sabha mean hue apaman ki tikt-smriti thi, na bhooli ja sakane kisi granthi ka roop dhar chuki thi, jisake chalate vah koee b da aur rachanatmak-javab dene ki jid pal chuka tha. vah apane us ‘apaman’ ka uttar ‘vady’ nahian, ‘kanth’ ke jariye hi dena chahata tha. baharahal, yah ek yuva srijanashil-man ke gahare atm-sangharsh ka kalakhand tha, jahaan use apane hi bhitar se kuchh ‘avishkrit’ kar ke use virat banana tha. natijatan, usane svar-sadhana ko apana avalamb banaya, aur aisi sadhana ne ek din usako usaki ichchha ke nikat lakar chho d diya. shayad isi ki vajah rahi ki bad mean, jab amir khaan sahab desh ke sarvotkrisht gayakoan ki katar mean kh de ho gaye to b de-b de amantranoan aur prastavoan ko ve bas isalie asvikar kar diya karate the ki ‘vahaan ane-jane mean unaki ‘riyaj‘ ka bahut zyada nuqasan ho jayega.‘[3]
film sangit
film sangit mean bhi ustad amir khan ka yogadan ullekhaniy hai. 'baijoo bavara', 'shabab', 'jhanak jhanak payal baje', 'ragini', aur 'gooanj uthi shahanaee' jaisi filmoan ke lie unhoanne apana svaradan kiya. bangala film 'kshudhito pashan' mean bhi unaka gayan sunane ko mila tha.
samman aur puraskar
thumb|ustad amir khaan sangit ke kshetr mean ullekhaniy yogadan ke liye ustad amir khan ko 1967 mean sangit natak akadami puraskar aur 1971 mean padm bhooshan se sammanit kiya gaya.
vishesh yogadan
kaha jata hai ki ustad amir khaan ne hiandustani shastriy sangit ko mandara khayal diya. zaroor, kyoanki ve kaha karate ki jitani gahari apaki nianv, utani ooanchi apaki imarat, lekin isase bhi jyada bat hai ki unhoanne khayal sangit ko ek aisa alap bataya, jo rag ko avarohi se barata, jaise ki gh di ghoomati hai. dhyan ka vasool bhi yahi hai. aur isi usool ko sadhate-sadhate unhean apani gayaki mean dhyan ke akar mile, aur ve ek avarohi pradhan khayal gane lage, jahaan rag bhi asal mean khulata hai. yahi vajah thi ki unhoanne avaz ka mandara bhi khola, aur gayaki banaee. yah bhi jani-mani bat hai ki ustad amir khaan ne hiandustani shastriy sangit ko 'paj' yani usaka anahad phikra diya, jisase unaka vilanbit khayal bahut chainadar sunane mean ata tha. isake pichhe bat yah thi ki sangit, atma ki kabhi n mitane vali bhookh, pahale atma mean socha jata hai, aur phir usaka sakshatkar hota hai. isi karan khan sahab ne 'paj' ko age rakhakar gey phikra gaya. unake sangit ka sanchalan hi anakahi se hota, jise ham kabhi se pahale sunate. yahi unaki soch thi. jis vajah se unaki iandaur ki gayaki ko shastriy sangit ka pahala aantarmukhi gharana kaha jata hai.[2]
nidhan
ek s dak durghatana mean ustad amir khaan sahab ko 13 faravari, 1974 ke din ham se hamesha hamesha ke lie vida ho gaye.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 sur sangam mean aj - ustad amir khan ka gayan - rag malakauns (hindi) avaz. abhigaman tithi: 22 janavari, 2015.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 vah avaz kabhi bhulaee nahian ja sakati (hindi) navabharat taims. abhigaman tithi: 22 janavari, 2015.
- ↑ joshi, prabhu. mahan gayak ustad amir khaan (hindi) abhivyakti. abhigaman tithi: 22 janavari, 2015.
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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