कुजुल कडफ़ाइसिस

shasan kal (30 ee. se 80 ee tak lagabhag)

• kujul kadafaisis (Kujula Kadphises) kushan vansh ka pahala shasak tha jisane pratham shatabdi mean yoochi pradesh vasiyoan ko ekikrat kiya aur samrajy ko badhaya. kujul kadafaisis ke bad isaka putr vim taksham (vem takhto), vim taksham ke bad usaka putr vim kadafaisis, vim kadafaisis ke bad usaka putr kanishk gaddi par baithe.
• chini itihasakar 'syoo ma chiyan' ke anusar ek neta kujul kadafaisis ne paanch vibhinn qabayali samudayoan ko apane kuee shaang athava kushan samuday ki adhyakshata mean sangathit kiya aur vah bharat ki or badha jahaan usane qabul aur kashmir mean apani satta sthapit kar di. usake prarambhik sikkoan par mukh bhag par antim yoonani raja harmiyas ki akriti hai aur prishth bhag par usaki apani. isaka arth yah hua ki vah pahale yoonani raja harmiyas ke adhin tha. bad ke sikkoan mean vah apane ko 'maharajadhiraj' kahata hai. usaki mrityu lagabhag 64 ee. mean huee. usake sikke rom ke samratoan ke sikkoan se bahut milate julate haian.
• kujul kadafaisis ke sikke bhi mile haian. kujul kadaifas ke sikke indo grik raja 'harameas' ke sikkoan ka parivartit roop mean mile haian . harameas (90-70 ee poo (Hermaeus Soter "the Saviour") ne qabul afaganistan kshetr mean apani rajadhani rakhi aur hindookush par shasan kiya . isake siqqoan ki naqal anek rajaoan ne ki.
• raja kujul kushan ne kis prakar dhire-dhire apani shakti ka vikas kiya, yah bat usake un sikkoan ke dvara bhali-bhaanti pragat ho jati hai, jo qabul v bharat ke uttar-pashchimi kone se achchhi b di sankhya mean upalabdh hue haian. usake kuchh sikke aise haian, jinake ek or heramay aankit hai, aur doosari or is raja ka nam. heramay ya haramaos yavan raja tha, jo qabul ke pradesh par shasan karata tha. ek hi sikke par yavan raja heramay aur kujul kushan donoan ka nam hone se itihasakaroan ne yah parinam nikala hai ki prarambh mean yuishi akrantaoan ne qabul ke pradesh se se yavan rajavansh ka ant hi nahian kiya tha, ve keval unase adhinata svikrit karakar hi santusht ho ge the. kushan rajy ke qabul ke pradesh se is prakar ke bhi sikke mile haian, jin par keval 'kujul' ka nam hai, yavanaraj heramay ka nahian. isase soochit hota hai, ki bad mean is pradesh se yavan shasan ka ant ho gaya tha.
• isi samay parthiyan log bhi uttar-pashchimi bharat mean apani shakti ka vistar kar rahe the, aur poorvi tatha pashchimi gandhar mean unhoanne apana shasan sthapit kar liya tha. is pradesh ka parthiyan raja 'gudafar' (gondofairas) tha, par usake uttaradhikari parthiyan raja adhik shaktishali nahian the. unaki nirbalata se labh uthakar raja kushan ne parthiyan logoan ke bharatiy rajy par akraman kar diya, aur usake anek pradeshoan ko jitakar apane adhin kar liya. yadyapi kuchh nirbal parthiyan raja gudafar ke bad bhi pashchimi panjab ke katipay pradesho par shasan karate rahe, par is samay uttar-pashchimi bharat ki rajashakti kushanoan ke hath mean chali gee thi.
• raja kujul kushan ke shuroo ke sikke jo qabul ke pradesh mean mile haian, unamean usake nam ke sath n raja visheshan hai, aur n koee aisa visheshan jo usaki prabal shakti ka soochak ho. par bad ke jo sikke takshashila mean mile haian, unamean usaka nam is prakar aankit hai -
  

maharajas rajatirajas khushanas yavugas aur maharayas rayarayas devaputras kayul kar kafas adi.

• in sikkoan ke anushilan se is bat mean koee sandeh nahian rah jata ki qabul, kandhar, uttar-pashchimi panjab adi ko parthiyan rajaoan se jit lene par kushan raja ki sthiti bahut ooanchi ho gee thi, aur vah maharaj, rajadhiraj adi upadhiyoan se vibhooshit ho gaya tha. usake nam ke sath devaputr visheshan se yah bhi soochit hota hai ki bharat ke sampark mean akar usane bauddh dharm ko svikrit kar liya tha. usake kuchh sikko par usake nam ke sath dhramathid visheshan bhi prayukt hua hai, jo dharmasthal ka apabhransh hai.
• kujul kushan ne sudirgh samay tak rajy kiya. usaki mrityu assi sal ki ayu mean huee thi. isilie vah apane shasanakal mean ek chhote se raja se unnati karata hua ek vishal samrajy ka svami ho saka tha. is raja ke shasan ke samay ke sambandh mean bhi itihasakaroan mean anek mat haian.

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