चन्द्रगुप्त विक्रमादित्य
| chitr:Icon-edit.gif | is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav" |
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| chitr:Disamb2.jpg chandragupt | ek bahuvikalpi shabd hai any arthoan ke lie dekhean:- chandragupt (bahuvikalpi) |
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thumb|250px|chandragupt vikramadity ki mudrae chandragupt dvitiy athava chandragupt vikramadity (shasan: 380-412 eesavi) gupt rajavansh ka raja tha. samudragupt ka putr 'chandragupt dvitiy' samast gupt rajaoan mean sarvadhik shaury evan virochit gunoan se sampann tha. shakoan par vijay prapt karake usane 'vikramadity' ki upadhi dharan ki. vah 'shakari' bhi kahalaya. vah apane vansh mean b da parakrami shasak hua. malava, kathiyava d, gujarat aur ujjayini ko apane samrajy mean milakar usane apane pita ke rajy ka aur bhi vistar kiya. chini yatri fahyan usake samay mean 6 varshoan tak bharat mean raha.
chandragupt dvitiy ka senapati amrakarddav tha. use dev, devagupt, devaraj, devashri, shrivikram, vikramadity, paramabhagavath, narendrachandr, sianhavikram, ajit vikram adi upadhi dharan kie the. anushrootiyoan mean chandragupt dvitiy ne apani putri prabhavati ka vivah vakatak naparesh rudrasen se kiya, rudrasen ki mrityu ke bad chandragupt ne apratyaksh roop se vakatak rajy ko apane rajy mean milakar ujjain ko apani doosari rajadhani banaee. isi karan chandragupt dvitiy ko 'ujjainapuravaradhishvar' bhi kaha jata hai. usaki ek rajadhani pataliputr bhi thi. atah chandragupt dvitiy ko 'pataliputr puravadhishvar' bhi kaha gaya hai. dakshin bhar mean kuantal ek prabhavashali rajy tha. 'shrriangar prakash' tatha' kantaleshvaradityamh' se pata chalata hai ki chandragupt dvitiy ka kuantal naresh se maitripoorn sanbandh tha. kuantal naresh kakutsthavarman ne apani putri ka vivah gupt naresh se kar diya. is vaivahik sanbandh ki pushti kshemendr ki auchity vichar charcha se bhi hoti hai.
- chandragupt vikramadity ka shasan-kal bharat ke itihas ka b da mahattvapoorn samay mana jata hai. chini yatri fahyan usake samay mean 6 varshoan tak bharat mean raha. vah b da udar aur nyay-parayan samrat tha. usake samay mean bharatiy sanskriti ka chaturdik vikas hua. mahakavi kalidas usake darabar ki shobha the.[1] vah svayan vaishnav tha, par any dharmoan ke prati bhi udar-bhavana rakhata tha. gupt rajaoan ke kal ko bharatiy itihas ka 'svarn yug' kaha jata hai. isaka bahut kuchh shrey chandragupt vikramadity ki shasan-vyavastha ko hai.
- rajagaddi par aroodh hone ke bad chandragupt ke sammukh do kary mukhy the -
- ramagupt ke samay mean utpann huee avyavastha ko door karana
- un mlechchh shakoan ka unmoolan karana, jinhoanne ne keval guptashri ke apaharan ka prayatn kiya tha, apitu jinhoanne kulavadhoo ki or bhi drishti uthaee thi.
- chandragupt ke samrat banane par shighr hi samrajy mean vyavastha qayam ho gee. vah apane pita ka yogy aur anuroop putr tha. apani rajashakti ko sudridh kar usane shakoan ke vinash ke lie yuddhoan ka prarambh kiya.
- vishnupuran 4,24,68 se vidit hota hai ki sanbhavat: guptakal se poorv avanti par abhir ityadi shoodroan ya vijatiyoan ka adhipaty tha-[2] aitihasik paranpara se hamean yah bhi vidit hota hai ki pratham shati ee. poo. mean (57 ee. poo. ke lagabhag) vikram sanvat ke sansthapak kisi ajnat raja ne shakoan ko harakar ujjayini ko apani rajadhani banaya tha. guptakal mean chandragupt vikramadity ne avanti ko pun: vijay kiya aur vahaan se videshi satta ko ukha d pheanka. kuchh vidvanoan ke mat mean 57 ee. poo. mean vikramadity nam ka koee raja nahian tha aur chandragupt dvitiy hi ne avanti-vijay ke pashchath malav sanvath ko jo 57 ee. poo. mean prarambh hua tha, vikram sanvat ka nam de diya.
shak-vijay
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videshi jatiyoan ki shakti ke is samay do b de kendr the -
shak-mahakshatrap sambhavatah 'shahanushahi kushan' raja ke hi prantiy shasak the, yadyapi sahity mean kushan rajaoan ko bhi shak-murund (shakasvami ya shakoan ke svami) sanjna kaha gaya hai. pahale chandragupt dvitiy ne kathiyava d - gujarat ke shak-mahakshatrapoan ke sath yuddh kiya. us samay mahakshatrap 'rudrasianh tritiy' is shak rajy ka svami tha. chandragupt ke dvara vah parast hua, aur gujarat-kathiyava d ke pradesh bhi gupt samrajy mean sammilit ho ge.
shakoan ki parajay mean vakatakoan se bhi b di sahayata mili. dakshinapath mean vakatakoan ka shaktishali rajy tha. samudragupt ne vahaan ke raja 'rudradev ya rudrasen' ko parast kiya tha, par adhinasth ke roop mean vakatak vansh ki satta vahaan par ab bhi vidyaman thi. vakatak raja b de hi pratapi the, aur unaki adhinata mean anek samant raja rajy karate the. vakatak raja rudrasen dvitiy ke sath chandragupt vikramadity ki kanya 'prabhavati gupt' ka vivah bhi hua tha. 'rudrasen dvitiy' ke sath gupt vansh ki rajakumari ka vivah ho jane se guptoan aur vakatakoan mean maitri aur ghanishthata sthapit ho gee thi. is vivah ke kuchh samay bad hi tis varsh ki ayu mean rudraden dvitiy ki mrityu ho gee. usake putr abhi chhoti ayu ke the, atah rajyashasan prabhavati gupt ne apane hathoan mean le liya, aur vah vakatak rajy ki svamini ban gee. is sthiti mean usane 390 ee. se 410 ee. ke lagabhag tak rajy kiya. apane pratapi pita chandragupt dvitiy ka poora sahayy aur sahayog prabhavati ko prapt tha. jab chandragupt ne mahakshatrap shak-svami rudrasianh par akraman kiya, to vakatak rajy ki sampoorn shakti usake sath thi.
upadhiyaan
gujarat-kathiyava d ke shakoan ka uchchhed kar unake rajy ko gupt samrajy ke aantargat kar lena chandragupt dvitiy ke shasan kal ki sabase mahattvapoorn ghatana hai. isi karan vah bhi 'shakari' aur 'vikramadity' kahalaya. kee sadi pahale shakoan ka isi prakar se uchchhed kar satavahan samrat 'gautami putr satakarni' ne 'shakari' aur 'vikramadity' ki upadhiyaan grahan ki thian. ab chandragupt dvitiy ne bhi ek bar phir usi gaurav ko prapt kiya. gujarat aur kathiyava d ki vijay ke karan ab gupt samrajy ki sima pashchim mean arab sagar tak vistrit ho gee thi. naye jite hue pradeshoan par bhali-bhaanti shasan karane ke lie pataliputr bahut door p data tha. isalie chandragupt dvitiy ne ujjayini ko apani doosari rajadhani banaya.
samrajy vistar
gujarat-kathiyava d ke shak-mahakshatrapoan ke atirikt gandhar kamboj ke shak-murundoan (kushanoan) ka bhi chandragupt ne sanhar kiya tha. dilli ke samip maharauli mean lohe ka ek 'vishnudhvaj (stambh)' hai, jis par chandr nam ke ek pratapi samrat ka lekh utkirn hai. aitihasiko ka mat hai, ki yah lekh guptavanshi chandragupt dvitiy ka hi hai. is lekh mean chandr ki vijayoan ka varnan karate hue kaha gaya hai, ki usane sindh ke saptamukhoan (prachin saptasaindhav desh ki sat nadiyoan) ko par kar valhik (balkh) desh tak yuddh mean vijay prapt ki thi. panjab ki sat nadiyoan yamuna, sataluj, vyas, ravi, chinab, jelaham aur sindhu ka pradesh prachin samay mean 'saptasaindhav' kahata tha. isake pare ke pradesh mean us samay shak-murundoan ya kushanoan ka rajy vidyaman tha. sambhavatah inhian shak-murundoan ne dhruvadevi par hath uthane ka dussahas kiya tha. ab dhruvadevi aur usake pati chandragupt dvitiy ke pratap ne balkh tak in shak-murundoan ka uchchhed kar diya, aur gupt samrajy ki pashchimottar sima ko sudoor vankshu nadi tak pahuancha diya.
bangal
maharauli ke isi stambhalekh mean yah bhi likha hai, ki bangal mean pratirodh karane ke lie ikatthe hue anek rajaoan ko bhi chandragupt ne parast kiya tha. sambhav hai, ki jab chandragupt dvitiy kathiyava d-gujarat ke shakoan ko parast karane mean vyaprit tha, bangal ke kuchh purane rajakuloan ne usake viruddh vidroh kar diya ho, aur use bangal jakar bhi apani talavar ka pratap dikhane ki avashyakata huee ho.
dakshini bharat
chandragupt dvitiy ke samay mean gupt samrajy apani shakti ki charam sima par pahuanch gaya tha. dakshini bharat ke jin rajaoan ko samudragupt ne apane adhin kiya tha, ve ab bhi avikal roop se chandragupt ki adhinata svikar karate the. shak-mahakshatrapoan aur gandhar-kamboj ke shak-murundoan ke parast ho jane se gupt samrajy ka vistar pashchit mean arab sagar tak aur hindookush ke par vankshu nadi tak ho gaya tha.
ashvamedh
- chandragupt ki upadhi keval 'vikramadity' hi nahian thi. shilalekhoan mean use 'sianh-vikram', 'sianhachandr', 'sahasaank', 'vikramaank', 'devaraj' adi anek upadhiyoan se vibhooshit kiya gaya hai. usake bhi anek prakar ke sikke milate haian. shak-mahakshatrapoan ko jitane ke bad usane unake pradesh mean jo sikke chalae the, ve purane shak-sikkoan ke namoone ke the. uttar-pashchimi bharat mean usake jo bahut se sikke mile haian, ve kushan namoone ke haian. chandragupt ki virata usake sikkoan ke dvara prakat hoti hai. sikkoan par use bhi sianh ke sath l data hua pradarshit kiya gaya hai, aur sath mean yah vaky diya gaya hai, kshitimavajity sucharitaiah divan jayati vikramadityah prithivi ka vijay prapt kar vikramadity apane sukary se svarg ko jit raha hai. apane pita ke saman chandragupt ne bhi ashvamedh yajn kiya.
vibhinn sandarbh
shakari samudragupt ke putr evan ujjayani ke vikhyat vidyapremi samrat ke roop mean ye prasiddh haian. inaka vastavik nam chandragupt hai. ashvamedh ke anantar inhoanne 'vikramadity' ki upadhi grahan ki thi. itihas mean inaki sabha ke nau ratn us samay ke apane vishay mean parangat evan manishi vidvanh the. inake nam kramash: kalidas, vararuchi, amar sianh, dhanvantari, kshapanak, vetalabhatt, varahamihir, ghatakarpar, aur shanku the. inaka samay itihas ke vidvanh lekhakoan dvara eesa poorv pahli shati nirdharit hota hai. inake nam se chalaya gaya vikrami sanvat sanvatsar ki ganana mean aj bhi prayukt hota hai.[3]
- REDIRECTsaancha:inhean bhi dekhean
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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