जौनपुर

[[chitr:Central-Pishtaq-Atala-Masjid-Jaunpur.jpg|thumb|200px|keandriy toran dvar, atala masjid, jaunapur]] jaunapur shahar, dakshini-poorvi uttar pradesh rajy, uttar-madhy bharat, varanasi (bhootapoorv banaras) ke pashchimottar mean sthit hai. jaunapur shahar gomati nadi ke donoan taraf phaila hua hai. jaunapur ka shahi qila aur atala masjid aj bhi yahaan ki shobha mean char-chaand laga rahe haian. bharatiy itihas ke madhyakalin bharat mean jaunapur apani kala evan sthapaty ke lie door-door tak prasiddh tha. aj bhi itr ka vyavasay yahaan b de paimane par hota hai.

itihas

yah nagar gomati nadi ke kinare basa hua hai. prachin kianvadanti ke anusar jamadagni rrishi ke nam par is nagar ka namakaran hua tha. jamadagni ka ek mandir yahaan aj bhi sthit hai. yah bhi kaha jata hai ki is nagar ki nianv 14vian shati mean 'joona khaan' ne dali thi, jo bad mean muhammad tugalaq ke nam se prasiddh hua aur dilli ka sultan hua. jaunapur ka prachin nam 'yavanapur' bhi bataya jata hai. 1397 ee. mean jaunapur ke soobedar khvaja jahan ne dilli ke sultan muhammad tugalaq ki adhinata ko thukarakar apani svadhinata ki ghoshana kar di aur sharki namak ek ne rajavansh ki sthapana ki. is vansh ka yahaan pray: 80 varshoan tak rajy raha.

sthapaty

is dauran sharki sultanoan ne jaunapur mean kee sundar bhavan, ek qila, maqabara tatha masjidean banavaeean. sarvaprasiddh 'atala masjid' 1408 ee. mean bani thi. kaha jata hai ki is masjid ke sthan par pahale 'atala' (ya atala) devi ka mandir tha, jisako dhvast karake usaki samagri se yah masjid banaee gee. atala devi ka mandir prachin kal mean kerarakot namak durg ke andar sthit tha. jama masjid ko ibrahimashah ne 1438 ee. mean banavana praranbh kiya tha aur ise 1442 ee. mean isaki begam rajibivi ne poora karavaya tha. jama masjid ek ooanche chabootare par bani hai, jis tak pahuanchane ke lie 27 sidhiyaan haian. dakshini phatak se pravesh karane par 8vian shati ka ek sanskrit lekh dikhalaee p data hai, jo ulata laga hua hai. isase is sthan par prachin hindoo mandir ka vidyaman hona siddh hota hai. doosara lekh tugara aksharoan mean aankit hai. masjid ke poorvi phatak ko sikandar lodi ne nasht kar diya tha.

1417 ee. mean prachin vijayachandr mandir ke sthan par khalis mookhkhlis masjid (ya char uangali masjid) ko sultan ibrahim ke amir khalis khaan ne banavaya tha. isake daravajoan par koee sajavat nahian hai. mukhy daravaze ke pichhe ek vargakar sthan chapati chhat se dhaka hua hai. yah chhat 114 khanbhoan par tiki huee hai aur ye khanbhe das panktiyoan mean vinyast haian. mukhy dvar ke baee or ek chhota kale rang ka patthar hai, jo janashruti ke anusar kisi bhi manushy ke napane se sada char aangul hi rahata hai. nagar ke dakshini-poorvi kon par chanchakapur ya jhanjhiri masjid thi, jisaka keval ek stanbh hi avashisht hai. nagar ke uttar-pashchim ki or begamaganj gram mean muhammadashah ki patni rajibivi ki masjid 'lal daravaza' nam se prasiddh hai. isaki banavat jaunapur ki any masjidoan ke saman hi hai, kiantu isaki bhittiyaan apekshakrit patali haian aur kendriy guanbad ke donoan or do tale vale chhote koshth striyoan ke lie bane hue haian. is masjid ke pas inhoanne ek khanakah, ek madarasa aur ek mahal bhi banavaya tha aur sab imaratoan ko parakote se gher kar lal rang ke patthar ka phatak lagavaya tha.

hindoo shaili ka prabhav

jaunapur ki sabhi masjidoan ka naksha pray: ek-sa hai. inake bich ke khule aangan ke chaturdik jo kothariyaan bani haian, ve shuddh hindoo shaili mean nirmit haian. yahi bat bhitar ki vithiyoan ke lie bhi kahi ja sakati hai. hindoo prabhav chhote chaukor stanbhoan aur un par aghrit anuprasth siradaloan aur sapat pattharoan se pati chhatoan mean poorn roop se parilakshit hota hai, kiantu masjidoan ke mukhy daravaze poori tarah se maharabadar haian, jo vishisht muslim shaili mean haian. aisa jan p data hai ki in masjidoan ko banane mean prachin hindoo mandiroan ki samagri kam mean laee gee thi aur shilpi tatha nirmata bhi mukhyat: hindoo hi the. isilie hindoo tatha muslim shailiyoan ka mel poornaroopen ekakar nahian ho saka hai.

jaunapur mean gomati nadi ke pul ka nirman kary mugal badashah akabar ne 1564 ee. mean praranbh karavaya tha. yah 1569 ee. mean banakar taiyar hua tha. yah akabar ke soobedar munim khaan ke nirikshan mean banaya gaya tha. jaunapur ke sharki sultanoan ke samay ke tatha any smarakoan ko lodi vansh ke moorkh tatha dharmaandh sultan sikandar lodi ne 1495 ee. mean bahut hani pahuanchaee. inhean nasht-bhrasht kar usane apane darabariyoan ke rahane ke lie nivas sthan banavae the. jaunapur se eeshvaravarman (satavian shati ee.), jo maukhari vansh ka raja tha, ka ek tithihin abhilekh prapt hua tha, jo khandit avastha mean hai. isamean dharanagari tatha aandhr desh ka ullekh hai, kiantu isaka thik-thik arth anishchit hai. is abhilekh se maukhariyoan ke rajy ka vistar jaunapur ke pradesh tak soochit hota hai. maukhari naresh kannauj ke maharaj harsh ke samakalin the.

krishi aur khanij

mahattvapoorn s dak aur rel jankshan yukt jaunapur ek krishi bazar hai aur yahaan ke adhe se adhik kshetr mean bagavani ki jati hai. shahar ke asapas ke lagabhag samooche jalodh maidan mean kheti ki jati hai aur isake adhikaansh hisse ki sianchaee ki jati hai. fasaloan mean dhan, makka, jau aur ganna shamil hai. badh aur sookhe se is kshetr ko bahut nuqasan pahuancha tha.

shikshan sansthan

jaunapur shahar mean dinadayal upadhyay gorakhapur vishvavidyalay se sambaddh kee mahavidyalay haian.

janasankhya

2001 ki janaganana ke anusar jaunapur shahar ki janasankhya 1,59,996 hai. aur jaunapur zile ki kul janasankhya 39,11,305

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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sanbandhit lekh

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