डॉ. नगेन्द्र
d aau. nagendr
| |
| poora nam | d aau. nagendr |
| janm | 9 march, 1915 |
| janm bhoomi | aligadh, uttar pradesh |
| mrityu | 27 aktoobar, 1999 |
| mrityu sthan | nee dilli |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | lekhak, kavi, nibandhakar, alochak, pradhyapak |
| mukhy rachanaean | 'vichar aur vivechan' (1944), 'vichar aur anubhooti' (1949), 'vichar aur vishleshan' (1955), 'arastoo ka kavyashastr' (1957), 'anusandhan aur alochana' (1961), 'ras-siddhaant (1964), 'alochak ki astha' (1966), 'samasya aur samadhan' (1971), bharatiy sahity, bharatiy mahakavy adi. |
| bhasha | hiandi, kh di boli evan aangrezi |
| shiksha | em. e. (hiandi evan aangrezi), di. lit. (hiandi) |
| puraskar-upadhi | sahity akadami puraskar ('ras-siddhaant' ke lie 1965 mean) |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| any janakari | adhunik hindi ki alochana ko samriddh karane mean d aau. nagenhdr ka mahathvapoorn yogadan raha tha. |
| inhean bhi dekhean | kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi |
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d aau. nagendr (aangrezi: Dr. Nagendra, janm- 9 march, 1915, aligadh, uttar pradesh; mrityu- 27 aktoobar, 1999, nee dilli) bharat ke prasiddh hiandi sahityakar the. adhunik hindi ki alochana ko samriddh karane mean d aau. nagenhdr ka mahathvapoorn yogadan raha tha. ve kavy shastr ke prakand vidvanh mane jate the. unake nibandhoan mean vaicharik audaty ke sath-sath unaka vyaktitv bhi abhivyakti pa gaya hai. unake nibandhoan mean ek sahriday tatha bhavuk nibandhakar ke gun bhali-bhaanti lakshit hote haian. isaka karan yah hai ki nagendr ji ka hindi sahity ke kshetr mean pravesh ek kavi ke roop mean hua tha. unaki pratibha ka vikas moolatah alochanatmak nibandhakar ke roop mean hi hua. hindi ke paanktey alochak ke roop mean nagendr visheshatah yashasvi rahe haian.
parichay
d aau. nagendr ka janm 9 march, 1915 ko uttar pradesh ke aligadh zile mean atarauli namak kasbe mean hua tha. apani shiksha ke aantargat nagendr ji ne aangrezi aur hindi vishayoan mean em. e. kiya tha. isake bad unhoanne hindi mean di. lit. ki upadhi bhi prapt ki thi. nagendr ji 'dilli vishvavidyalay' se profesar tatha hindi vibhagadhyaksh ke pad par se sevanivritt hone ke uparant svatantr roop se sahity ki sadhana mean sanlagn ho gaye the. unhoanne 'emarits profesar' ke pad par bhi kary kiya tha. vah 'agara vishvavidyalay'[1], agara se "ritikal ke sandarbh mean dev ka adhyayan" shirshak shodh prabandh par shodh upadhi se alankrit hue the. bharat ke vibhinn vishvavidyalayoan mean d aau. nagendr ko pradhyapak, ridar evan profesar ke padoan par niyukti ke samay visheshajn niyukt kiya jata tha.[2]
lekhan kary
nagendr ji ne apani prakhar kalam ke dvara hindi nibandh sahity ki garima ko advitiy banane mean mahattvapoorn bhoomika nirvahit ki. unake dvara krit 'mera vyavasay' aur 'sahity srijan' shirshak is nibandh lekhak ki atmaparak shaili ka pratik hai. is rachana mean nagendr ji ne apane apako apani hi drishti se dekha tatha parakha hai. yah nibandh adhyapakoan-adhyapikaoan ke liye visheshatah upadey hai. d aau. nagendr ka yah manana tha ki "adhyapak vrittitah vyakhyata aur vivekashil hota hai. ooanchi shreni ke vidyarthiyoan aur anusandhataoan ko kavy ka marm samajhana usaka vyavasayik kartavy v karm hai." unhoanne yah bhi likha hai ki "adhyapan ka, visheshakar uchch star ke adhyapan ka, sahity ke any aangoan ke srijan se sahaj sambandh n ho, parantu alochana se usaka pratyaksh sambandh hai." kaksha ke manch par adhyapak kisi sahityik samasya ko lekar svayan nirnay le sake tatha shiksharthi varg ki nirnay shakti ka vikas kar sake. yah nishchay hi adhyapak ke dharm ki paridhi kahalati hai.
bhasha
d aau. nagendr ke nibandhoan ki bhasha shuddh, parishkrit, parimarjit, vyakaran sammat tatha sahityik kh di boli hai. gady bhasha ki pramukh visheshata yah hai ki vah vishayanuroop apana svaroop badalati chalati hai. nibandhoan mean sarvatr bhasha ka roop saph suthara, shisht, madhur evan samarth lakshit hota hai. bharat bhooshan agraval ne 'naye shabdoan ke nirman ki drishti se d aau. nagendr ka avadan sarvopari mana hai. nagendr ji samanyatah gambhir tatha chintan-pradhan nibandhakar ke roop mean jane jate haian. sahityik alochanatmak nibandh lekhan ke adhar par unhoanne sahity ki prabhoot sevaean ki haian. unake nibandhoan mean vichar-gambhiry, chintan ki maulikata tatha shaili ki rochakata ka sahaj samanvay lakshit hota hai.[2]
shaili
d aau. nagendr ki nibandh lekhan ki shaili mean bhavoan evan vicharoan ko abhivyakti pradan karane ki adbhut kshamata lakshit hoti hai. unaki lekhan shaili aangrezi sahity se prabhavit rahi hai. isaka karan yah hai ki vah aangrezi sahity se sampoornatah prabhavit aur prerit hokar hindi sahity ki sadhana ke marg par chale the. unake 'nibandh sahity' mean nimnalikhit shailiyoan ka vyavahar samyak roopen lakshit hota hai-
- vivechanatmak shaili - nagendr ji moolatah alochanatmak evan vicharatmak nibandhakar ke roop mean samadrit rahe the. is shaili mean lekhak tarkoan dvara yuktiyoan ko sulajhata hua chalata hai. vah atyant gambhir evan bauddhik vishay ko apani kushal vivechana paddhati ke dvara saral roop mean spasht kar deta hai tatha vivadaspad vishayoan ko atyant bodhagamy riti se samajhane ki cheshta karata hai. unaka 'astha ke charan' shirshak nibandh sankalan is shaili ka achchha udaharan hai.
- prasadatmak shaili - is shaili ka prayog d aau. nagendr ke nibandh sahity mean sarvatr dekha ja sakata hai. is shaili ke dvara lekhak ne vishay ko saral tatha bodhagamy riti se prastut karane ka kary kiya hai. yah bhi ek tathy hai ki ki d aau. nagendr ka man sampoornatah pradhyapan vyavasay mean hi raman karata raha. isilie likhate samay vah is bat ka dhyan rakhate the ki jo bat vah kah rahe haian, usamean kahian kisi prakar ki aspashtata n rah jae.[2]
- goshthi shaili - 'hindi upanyas' namak nibandh mean nagendr ji ne "goshthi shaili" ka vyavahar kiya hai. sahi arthoan mean ve apani pratibha ke bal par hi nibandh sahity mean 'goshthi shaili' ki srishti karane mean saphal rahe the.
- samvadatmak shaili - 'hindi sahity mean hasy ki kami' shirshak rachana mean is shaili ka prayog dekha ja sakata hai. is shaili mean jagaruk adhyetaoan ko spashtata evan vivechana donoan hi batean lakshit ho jaeangi.
- patratmak shaili - 'keshav ka acharyatv' namak rachana mean d aau. nagendr ne patratmak shaili ka prayog kiya gaya hai. ullekhaniy bat to yah hai ki d aau. vijayendr snatak krit 'anubhooti ke kshan' namak rachana bhi sampoornatah patratmak shaili ki hi nibandh rachana hai.
- prashnottar shaili - d aau. nagendr ke lekhan mean 'prashnottar shaili' ka saundary bhi lakshit ho jata hai. is shaili mean nibandhakar svayan hi prashn karata hai tatha usaka uttar bhi svayan hi deta hai. d aau. nagendr krit 'sahity ki samiksha' shirshak nibandh ko is shaili ka anyatam udaharan mana ja sakata hai.
- sansmaranatmak shaili - 'apravasi ki yatraean' namak kriti 'yatravritt' ki vidha ki ek pramukh kriti hai. yah rachana d aau. nagendr ki sansmaranatmak shaili ke saundary ka udaharan prastut karati hai. 'dadda- ek mahanh vyaktitv' shirshak sansmaranatmak nibandh mean is shaili ka vyavahar lakshit hota hai.
- atmasakshatkar ki shaili - 'alochak ka atm vishleshan' namak rachana mean d aau. nagendr ka lekh is shaili ka prayog karata hua lakshit hota hai. vastutah nibandh ki vidha mean ve aise shailikar ke roop mean samane ate haian, jo rachana mean adyopant apani rachana prakriya par prakash dalate hue chalata hai.[2]
| varsh | rachana |
|---|---|
| 1944 | vichar aur vivechan |
| 1949 | vichar aur anubhooti |
| 1951 | adhunik hindi kavita ki mukhy pravrittiyaan |
| 1955 | vichar aur vishleshan |
| 1957 | arastoo ka kavyashastr |
| 1961 | anusandhan aur alochana |
| 1964 | ras-siddhaant |
| 1966 | alochak ki astha |
| 1969 | astha ke charan |
| 1970 | nayi samikshaah naye sandarbh |
| 1971 | samasya aur samadhan |
nidhan
hindi sahity mean apana vishisht yogadan karane vale sahityakar d aau. nagendr ka nidhan 27 aktoobar, 1999 ko nee dilli mean hua.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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