ताम्र
| tamr | |||||||||||||||||||
lal-narangi chamakili dhatu
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| sadharan gunadharm | |||||||||||||||||||
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| nam, pratik, sankhya | tamr, Cu, 29 | ||||||||||||||||||
| tatv shreni | sankraman dhatu | ||||||||||||||||||
| samooh, avart, kaksha | 11, 4, d | ||||||||||||||||||
| manak paramanu bhar | 63.546g·mol−1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| ilektr aaun vinyas | 1s2, 2s2 2p6, 3s2 3p6 3d10, 4s1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| ilektr aaun prati shel | 2, 8, 18, 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| bhautik gunadharm | |||||||||||||||||||
| avastha | thos | ||||||||||||||||||
| ghanatv (nikat k.ta.) | 8.94 g·cm−3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| taral ghanatv (galanaank par) |
8.02 g·cm−3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| galanaank | 1357.77 K, 1084.62 °C, 1984.32 °F | ||||||||||||||||||
| kvathanaank | 2835 K, 2562 °C, 4643 °F | ||||||||||||||||||
| sanlayan ooshma | 13.26 kilo jool-mol | ||||||||||||||||||
| vashpan ooshma | 300.4 kilo jool-mol | ||||||||||||||||||
| vishisht ooshmiy kshamata |
24.440
jool-mol−1kilo−1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| vashp dab | |||||||||||||||||||
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| paramanvik gunadharm | |||||||||||||||||||
| aauksikaran avastha | +1, +2, +3, +4 | ||||||||||||||||||
| ilektronegetiviti | 1.90 (pailiang paimana) | ||||||||||||||||||
| ayanikaran oorjaean (adhik) |
1st: 745.5 ki.jool•mol−1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd: 1957.9 ki.jool•mol−1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd: 3555 ki.jool•mol−1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| paramanvik trijya | 128 pm | ||||||||||||||||||
| sahasanyojak trijya | 132±4 pm | ||||||||||||||||||
| vaindair vals trijya | 140 pm | ||||||||||||||||||
| vividh gunadharm | |||||||||||||||||||
| kristal sanrachana | kendriy mukh ghanakar | ||||||||||||||||||
| chumbakiy kram | pratichumbakiy | ||||||||||||||||||
| vaidyut pratirodhakata | (20 °C) 16.78 nΩ·m | ||||||||||||||||||
| ooshmiy chalakata | (300 K) 401 W·m−1·K−1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| ooshmiy prasar | (25 °C) 16.5 µm·m−1·K−1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| yang mapaank | 110–128 GPa | ||||||||||||||||||
| aparoopan mapaank | 48 GPa | ||||||||||||||||||
| sthool mapaank | 140 GPa | ||||||||||||||||||
| p aauyazan anupat | 0.34 | ||||||||||||||||||
| mohs kathorata mapaank | 3.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
| vikars kathorata | 369 MPa | ||||||||||||||||||
| brainal kathorata | 874 MPa | ||||||||||||||||||
| si.e.es panjikaran sankhya |
7440-50-8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| samasthanik | |||||||||||||||||||
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tamr ya taanba (aangrezi:Copper) mukt v sanyukt donoan avasthaoan mean paya jata hai. sanyukt avastha mean yah apane ayaskoan ke roop mean paya jata hai. tamr ke ayask mukhy roop se sianhabhoomi, sikkim, u disa, nepal, bhootan mean paye jate haian. kapar payarait, k aaupar gl aaus, kyooprait, maikalait adi isake pramukh ayask haian. tamr gulabi, lal rang ki chamakadar dhatu hai v chaandi ke atirikt vidyut ki sabase achchhi suchalak hai. vidyut suchalak hone ke karan isaka vidyut yantr kailorimitar adi banane mean kiya jata hai. tamr ka kvathanaank 2320 digri seantigret hota hai tatha ubalane par isase hare rang ki vashp nikalati hai. tamr vibhinn prakar ki mishradhatuyean banane ke kam ata hai. bharat mean taanbe ka prayog kafi lambe samay se kiya jata raha hai. vaidik kal mean isaka prathamat: prayog kiya gaya tha.
prapti sthan
bharat mean taanbe ki prapti agney, avasadi evan kayantarit tinoan prakar ki chattanoan mean nasoan ke roop mean hoti hai, jisamean kee prakar ke padarth mile rahate haian. isake pramukh khanij haian- salphaid[1], aauksaid[2] tatha karbonet.[3] lal evan bhoore rang ka khanij taanba atyadhik tanya evan vidyut ka uttam suchalak hone ke karan vidyut karyo mean adhik upayog mean laya jata hai. bharat mean milane vali taanba khanij ki chattanoan se shuddh dhatu ka aansh matr 1 pratishat se 3 pratishat tak hi paya jata hai. bharat mean nikale ja sakane yogy taanbe ka 41.68 karo d tan ka bhandar he. isamean 43 lakh 70 hazar tan dhatu upalabdh hai. poore bharat mean pratibandhit kshetr mean taanbe ka bhandar 67.41 karo d tan hai[4] aur sanbhavit sansadhanoan ke roop mean 76 karo d 99 lakh tan taanba ayask ka bhandar hai. desh mean jharakhand, madhy pradesh tatha rajasthan mean taanba ka pramukh kshetr vidyaman hai jabaki kuchh matra mean isaki prapti karnatak, tamilanadu evan uttar pradesh mean bhi hoti hai.
jharakhand rajy ka sianhabhoomi zila taanba utkhanan ki drishti se sarvadhik mahattvapoorn hai. yahaan se u disa rajy tak lagabhag 140 kimi lambi patti mean taanba khanij milata hai. is kshetr mean prasiddh taanba khane haian- sianhabhoomi zile mean mosabani, rakha, patharago da, surada, kaiandadih, dhovani tatha hajaribag zile ke hasatu, baramajada, jaradih adi. jharakhand mean sianhabhoomi ke atirikt hazaribag, santhal paragana tatha manasoon ziloan mean bhi taanba ka simit matra mean utkhanan kiya jata hai.
rajasthan ka khet di taanba kshetr sindhu ghati sabhyata kal se hi taanba utkhanan ka pramukh kshetr raha hai. yahaan ki taanba jhuanjhunoo zile ke sianghana se lekar sikar zile ke raghunathagadh tak lagabhag 80 kimi ki lambaee mean payi jati hai. yahaan ki prasiddh khane haian - kolihan, khet di, mandal tatha kudhan. isake atirikt bhilava da, udayapur, baansava da tatha jhuanjhunoo ziloan mean bhi taanbe ka utkhanan kiya jata hai.
andhr pradesh ke guntoor zile mean agnigunthal tatha nellor zile mean gani-kalava kshetr mean taanbean ke navin bhandar ka pata lagaya gaya hai. kurnool tatha anantapur ziloan mean bhi kuchh taanba nikala jata hai. in pramukh rajyoan ke atirikt sikkim[5] uttarakhand[6], jammoo kashmir[7], himachal pradesh[8], pashchim bangal[9], karnatak[10], tamilanadu[11], madhy pradesh[12] tatha chhattisagadh[13] mean bhi taanba nikala jata hai. desh mean abhi bhi avashyakata se kam taanba utkhanit kiya jata hai, atah inaki poorti ke lie sanyukt rajy amarika, kanada, japan tatha jambiya se isaka ayat karana p data hai. 2006-07 ke dauran kul 115 hazar tan taanba khanij ka utpadan hua.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ chelkopairait, chelkosait, bornait
- ↑ kyooprait
- ↑ maianchelait evan ejoorait
- ↑ isamean 1.89 tan dhatu hai
- ↑ bhoantaang, rotok, siraboang, gisanoan adi)
- ↑ gadhaval zile mean dhanapur tatha pokhari, almo da se devalatham tatha bageshvar evan deharadoon zile kalsi khanean
- ↑ kashmir ghati
- ↑ kaang dahila tatha kulloo ghati
- ↑ darjiliang tatha jalapaeegu di zile
- ↑ chitradurg, chandrapur
- ↑ dakshini arkat zile ke yamanadoor kshetr
- ↑ jabalapur, balaghat hoshangabad adi
- ↑ bastar
sanbandhit lekh
| avart sarani | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| H | He | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Li | Be | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Na | Mg | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cs | Ba | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn | ||||||||||
| Fr | Ra | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Uut | Uuq | Uup | Lv | Uus | Uuo | ||||||||||
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